With the help of which we study geography. The geography program is based on: Federal State Standard for General Education
landforms
4 what the geography of continents and oceans studies
5.Hypotheses of the origin of continents and oceans
6.determine geographic coordinates extreme points australia
7.the history of the discovery of Antarctica
8.describe major river systems in South America from a map
9. to characterize the climatic zone
10 regularities geographic envelope
11 systematic belts of the earth
12.determine the geographic coordinates of the extreme points of the mainland of Africa
13History of discovery and exploration of Central Asia
14 characterize the Arctic Ocean
15 Determine the extent of Africa from north to south
16climatic maps of the features of the distribution of heat and moisture on the earth's surface
17 African reserves
18Describe the Amazon River
19physical and geographical characteristics the pacific
20 the value of natural resources (mineral, climatic, water, land, biological)
21show seas surrounding mainland eurasia
22 main types of air masses their influence on the climate
23necessity international cooperation in the use of nature
24Pissing the Nile River according to plan
25constant winds and conditions for their formation
26characteristics of southern european countries
27describe the population of mainland australia
28 oceans
29features of the UK
30determine the geographical coordinates of Italy
31natural areas of africa
32future of the oceans
34determine the geographical coordinates of the extreme points of the continent of Eurasia
35peculiarity organic world Australia
36 formations of currents and their types
37description of italy according to plan
38changing nature of mainland south america under the influence of human efficacy
39 give a characteristic to any natural area
40determine the length of the mainland of Australia from west to east in kilometers
41 maps - the second language of geography
42inland waters of eurasia
43determine the geographical coordinates of the extreme points of the continent of South America
45nature of antarctica
46 relief features of Australia
47 seas washing mainland north america
48 human land development
49 mainland and oceanic crust
50show on political map
51 features of the nature of Antarctica
52changing nature under the influence economic activity human
53characteristic of the Don River according to plan
54natural land and ocean complexes
56modern exploration of the mainland Antarctica
57show on map large lithospheric plates
58the role of the atmosphere in the life of the earth
59features of geographic oceania
60characteristic of a scientist traveler (optional)
61climatic zones of the earth
62location of mineral deposits on mainland south america
63characteristic of the atlantic ocean
64 our geographic envelope common Home
65Oceans relief
66describe geographical position mainland South America on plan
Lesson 5. Topic: Generalization of knowledge on the section "What geography studies"
Lesson type: lesson in developmental control.
Goals: to generalize and consolidate knowledge in the section "What geography studies"; develop the ability to analyze different sources of geographic information, express your thoughts in the form of a coherent story.
Formed UUD:
subject: know the basic concepts and terms of the section;
metasubject: be able to set a learning task under the guidance of a teacher; plan your activities under the guidance of a teacher; work in accordance with the set learning task; work according to the proposed plan; highlight the main, essential features of concepts; participate in joint activities; express judgments, confirming them with facts; search and select information in educational and reference manuals; make up descriptions of objects; evaluate the work of classmates;
personal: have a responsible attitude towards learning; experience of participation in socially significant work; a conscious, respectful and benevolent attitude towards another person, his opinion; communicative competence in communication and cooperation with peers in the process educational activities; the foundations of ecological culture.
Activities: conversation using various sources of information; work with test items.
Technologies: health savings, problem learning, developmental learning, development of research skills, information and communication.
Equipment: textbook, notebook,atlas, physical map the world.
During the classes
Greetings. Checking the readiness of students for the lesson.
ΙΙ. Generalization of knowledge by section
1. Storytelling with elements of conversation.
– So, we have finished our study of the section "What Geography Learns." This is the first of the sections in the Geography course, you learned what we will be studying in the Grade 5 Geography course.
– Describe the methods of geographical research.
2. Working with the map.
– Name and show on the map of the continent. Which continent has the largest and smallest area?
– Show the oceans and name them by area from largest to smallest.
3. Physical minutes.
4. Working with test items.
Test control of knowledge in the section "What geography studies".
1. The objects of living nature include:
a). water;
b). granite;
v). The sun;
G). whale.
2. Object inanimate nature is an:
a). rook;
b). Human;
v). snow;
G). mushroom.
3. Biological phenomena include:
a). birth;
b). wind;
v). change of seasons;
G). eclipse of the sun.
4.K natural sciences not applicable:
a). geography;
b). mathematics;
v). chemistry;
G). ecology.
5. Science about the transformation of substances:
a). chemistry;
b). physics;
v). astronomy;
G). ecology.
6. What science in translation from Greek means "nature":
a). geography;
b). physics;
v). astronomy;
G). ecology.
7. Ancient people used the method:
a). statistical;
b). descriptions;
v). observation.
8. What objects does geography study? Please select correct options answers:
a). planets;
b). rivers;
v). movement of bodies on Earth;
G). volcanic eruption;
e). the mountains.
9. Establish a correspondence between objects and sciences that study them:
a). insects; 1. astronomy;
b). minerals; 2. biology;
v). relief; 3. demography;
G). population; 4. climatology;
e). movement of planets; 5. geology;
e). climate; 6. geomorphology.
10. Organic matter is an:
a). salt;
b). water;
v). protein;
G). sand.
III. Lesson summary
Grading.
IV. Homework: rep. § 1 - 4, prepare reports on the ancient Greek scientists.
CONTENT programs.
What geography studies (5 hours).
The world we live in ... The world of animate and inanimate nature. Natural phenomena. Man on Earth.
Natural sciences. Astronomy. Physics. Chemistry. Geography. Biology. Ecology.
Geography - Earth Science . Physical and socio-economic geography are the two main sections of geography.
Geographic research methods. Geographic description. Cartographic method. Comparatively geographic method. Aerospace method. Statistical method.
The student should be able to:
Give examples geographic sites;
Identify the differences in the study of the Earth as geography in comparison with other sciences;
Explain what geography is studied for.
How people discovered the Earth (5h)
Geographical discoveries of antiquity and the Middle Ages ... Swimming of the Phoenicians. Great geographers of antiquity. Geographical discoveries of the Middle Ages.
The most important geographical discoveries. Discovery of America. The first trip around the world. Discovery of Australia. Discovery of Antarctica.
... Discovery and development of the North by Novgorodians and Pomors. "Walking the Three Seas". Development of Siberia.
Practical work № 1. Compilation of the simplest geographical descriptions objects and phenomena of animate and inanimate nature.
Subject learning outcomes
The student should be able to:
Name the main ways of studying the Earth in the past and at the present time and the most outstanding results of geographical discoveries and travels;
Show on the map travel routes of different times and periods;
Give examples of your own travels and illustrate them.
Earth in the Universe (9h)
How ancient people imagined the universe .What is the Universe? The ideas of the ancient peoples about the Universe. The views of the ancient Greek scientists about the universe. The world system according to Ptolemy.
Exploring the Universe: From Copernicus to the Present. The world system according to Nicolaus Copernicus. Giordano Bruno's views on the Universe. Exploration of the Universe by Galileo Galilei. Contemporary views about the structure of the universe.
Neighbors of the Sun ... Terrestrial planets. Mercury. Venus. Land. Mars.
The giant planets and little Pluto ... Jupiter. Saturn. Uranus and Neptune. Pluto.
Asteroids. Comets. Meteora. Meteorites .
World of stars ... The sun. Variety of stars. Constellations.
Unique planet - Earth . Planet Earth life: favorable temperature, availability of water and air, soil.
Modern space exploration ... The contribution of domestic scientists K.E. Tsiolkovsky, S.P. Korolev to the development of cosmonautics. The first cosmonaut of the Earth is Yu.A. Gagarin.
Subject learning outcomes
The student should be able to:
Name and show planets Solar system; name the terrestrial planets and giant planets;
Describe the unique characteristics of the Earth as a planet.
Types of images of the Earth's surface (4h)
Horizon sides. Horizon. Horizon sides.
Orientation ... Compass. Orientation by the Sun. Orientation by the stars. Local orientation.
Site plan and geographic map ... The image of the earth's surface in antiquity.
Practical work No. 2,Orientation according to plan and map. Reading the map legend ; 3. Self-construction of the simplest plan
Subject learning outcomes
The student should be able to:
Explain the meaning of the concepts: "Horizon", "Horizon line", "Horizon sides", "Orientation", "Terrain plan", "Geographic map";
Work with a compass;
Navigate the terrain using a compass, map, local signs;
Find and name the similarities and differences in the depiction of elements degree network on the globe and map.
Nature of the Earth (12h)
How did the earth come about ... Hypotheses of J. Buffon, I. Kant, P. Laplace, J. Jins, O.Yu. Schmidt. Modern ideas about the origin of the Sun and planets.
The internal structure of the Earth ... What does the Earth have inside? Rocks and minerals. The movement of the earth's crust.
Earthquakes and volcanoes ... Earthquakes. Volcanoes. In the kingdom of restless earth and fire-breathing mountains.
Practical work No. 4 Designation on the contour map of areas of earthquakes and the largest volcanoes.
Travel across the continents ... Eurasia. Africa. North America. South America... Australia. Antarctica. Islands.
Practical work number 5 Designation on the contour map of the continents and oceans of the Earth.
Water on earth ... The composition of the hydrosphere. World Ocean. Sushi waters. Water in the atmosphere.
Airy clothing of the Earth ... Composition of the atmosphere. Air movement. Clouds. Phenomena in the atmosphere. Weather. Climate. Restless atmosphere.
Living shell of the Earth ... The concept of the biosphere. Life in the Earth.
Soil is a special natural body ... Soil, its composition and properties. Soil formation. The value of the soil.
Human and nature ... Human impact on nature. How to preserve nature?
Subject learning outcomes
The student should be able to:
Explain the meanings of the concepts: "Lithosphere", "Rocks", "Minerals", "Relief", "Hydrosphere", "Sea", "Ocean", "Atmosphere", "Weather", "Biosphere";
Show main geographic objects on the map;
Apply to a contour map and correctly label geographic objects;
Explain the structural features of the land relief;
Describe the weather in your area.
LEVEL REQUIREMENTS FOR STUDENTS
The student will learn:
Use various sources of geographic information (cartographic, statistical, text, video and photographic images, computer databases) to search and retrieve information for solving educational and practice-oriented problems;
Analyze, summarize and interpret geographic information;
Based on the results of observations (including instrumental ones), find and formulate dependencies and patterns;
Determine and compare qualitative and quantitative indicators characterizing geographical objects, processes and phenomena, their position in space according to geographical maps of different content;
In the process of working with one or more sources of geographic information, identify the conflicting information contained in them;
Draw up a description of geographic objects, processes and phenomena using different sources of geographic information;
Provide geographic information in various forms necessary for solving educational and practice-oriented tasks.
The student will have the opportunity to learn:
Navigate the terrain using topographic maps and modern navigation devices;
Build simple plans terrain;
Create the simplest geographic maps of various content;
Simulate geographic objects and phenomena using computer programs.
Distinguish the studied geographic objects, processes and phenomena, compare geographic objects, processes and phenomena on the basis of known characteristic properties and carry out their simplest classification;
Use knowledge about geographical laws and patterns, about the relationships between the studied geographical objects, processes and phenomena to explain their properties, conditions of occurrence and geographical differences;
Carry out using devices to measure temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind strength and direction, absolute and relative altitude, direction and speed of water flow;
Evaluate the nature of the interaction between human activity and the components of nature in different geographic conditions, from the point of view of the concept of sustainable development.
Use knowledge of geographic phenomena in Everyday life to maintain health and comply with the norms of environmental behavior in everyday life and the environment;
Give examples showing the role of geographical science in solving socio-economic and geoecological problems of mankind; examples of the practical use of geographical knowledge in different areas activities;
To perceive and critically evaluate information of geographic content in popular science literature and the media;
Create written texts and oral reports on geographic phenomena based on several sources of information, accompany the presentation with a presentation.
Logistics support.
For the teacher.
The training and metodology complex for studying the course of geography in grade 5 contains, in addition to textbooks,
teaching aids, electronic multimedia publications.
1. Geography. Initial course... Grade 5. Textbook (authors A. A. Pleshakov, V. I. Sonin, I. I. Barinova). Bustard, 2012.
2. Geography. Initial course. Grade 5. Toolkit(author I. I. Barinova).
3. Atlas. An initial course in geography. Grade 5.
4. Geography. Initial course. Grade 5. Electronic multimedia edition.
For students.
Geography. Initial course. Grade 5. Textbook (authors A. A. Pleshakov, V. I. Sonin, I. I. Barinova). Bustard, 2012.
2. Atlas with a set of contour maps. An initial course in geography. Grade 5.
3.Workbook on geography. Grade 5.
Additional literature, sources of information:
Arzhanov S.P. - Entertaining geography - M .: Education, 2008.
Bezrukov A., Pivovarova G. Entertaining geography - M .: AST-PRESS, 2001.
Vygonskaya G.M. Interesting geography: What? Where? When? - M .: Graf-press, 2003.
Gubarev V.K - Secrets of geographical names - M .: AST; Donetsk: Stalker, 2006.
Gumilevskaya M. How the world was discovered - M .: Children's literature, 1977.
Eremina V.A., Pritula T.Yu. - Physical geography. Interesting facts. - M .: Ileksa, 2008.
Erofeev I.A. Great geographers and travelers of Russia 15-18 centuries. - M .: School-PRESS, 1993.
Zdorik T.B. Minerals (your first atlas-key) - M .: Bustard, 2008.
M.V. Kofman Oceans, seas and their inhabitants - M .: Ant, 1996.
Mayorova T.S. Geography: a schoolchild's reference book - M .: Slovo, AST, 1996.
Perlov L.E. - Geography in literary works- M .: Bustard, 2005.
Pospelov E.M. Geographic names: Toponymic dictionary - M .: Russian dictionaries, 1998.
Postnikova M.V. - Thematic crosswords - M: NTs ENAS, 2006.
Tomilin A.M. - How people discovered the world - M .: Enlightenment, 2008.
Ushakova O.D. - Great travelers - St. Petersburg: Litera, 2006.
Chicherina O.V., Morgunova Yu.A. - geography in tables and diagrams - M .: Astrel, AST, 2007.
Yavorovskaya I. - Entertaining geography - R. - on - D .: Phoenix, 2007.
Calendar-thematic plan
| № p / p | Name of the topic being studied | Main content on the topic | Description of the main activities (at the level of universal training activities)
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| 1 | Topic 1: “What geography studies »Total hours5 Acquaintance with the textbook: studying and analyzing illustrations . Working with a textbook and electronic application, familiarity with the presentation. Compilation of the simplest geographic descriptions of objects and phenomena of animate and inanimate nature |
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| date | Lesson topic, lesson type | Number of hours | Content element | Requirements for results (subject and metasubject *) | Control type | D.Z. * |
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| The student will learn | The student will be able to learn | View | |||||||||||||||||
| 1.1 | The world we live in. | 1 | The world of animate and inanimate nature. Natural phenomena. Man on earth | give examples of geographic objects and phenomena; observe objects, processes and phenomena of the geographic environment | current | § 1, r.t. p. 3 no. 3, p. 5 no. 8 |
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| 1.2 | Natural sciences Combined lesson | 1 | Astronomy. Physics. Chemistry. Geography. Biology. Ecology | | find and formulate according to the results of observations (including instrumental) dependences and patterns | input | § 2, |
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| 1.3 | Geography - the science of the Earth Lesson in the study and primary consolidation of new knowledge | 1 | Physical and socio-economic geography - two main sections geography | to call the differences in the study of the Earth geography in comparison with other sciences (astronomy, biology, physics, chemistry, ecology); | give examples showing the role of geographical science in solving socio-economic, geoecological problems of mankind; examples of the practical use of geographical knowledge in various fields of activity; | current | § 3, r.tstr 8 No. 4, uch-ik | Geographic research methods Lesson in studying and primary consolidation of new knowledge | 1 | Geographic description. Cartographic method. Comparative geographical method. Aerospace method. Statistical method | get an idea of various sources of geographic information for searching and extracting information necessary for solving educational and practice-oriented problems; | current | § 4, p.tstr 10 No. 4; repeat § 1-4 |
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| 1.5 | Generalization of knowledge by section "What geography studies" | 1 | Generalization and practical development of knowledge and skills in the section "What geography studies" | Regulatory: be able to independently control and manage your time Communicative: exercise mutual control and provide in cooperation the necessary mutual assistance Cognitive: conduct observation and experiment under the guidance of a teacher | Communicative: take into account different opinions and justify their own position Cognitive: put forward hypotheses about the connections and patterns of events, processes, objects | thematic | r.tstr 11-12 tasks to prepare for the exam and the State Exam, make a cluster |
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| 2 | Explore the routes of famous travelers on the maps. Find information (in Topic 2: “How people discovered the Earth »Total hours 5 Internet, encyclopedias, reference books) about geographers and travelers. Explore by maps And describe the travel routes of H. Columbus, F. Magellan, Russian explorers. Draw travel routes on a contour map. Explore and describe by maps travel routes in different regions of the World Ocean and on continents. Cook and do message (presentation): about outstanding travelers and travel, about the main stages human study of the earth's surface, about modern directions of geographical research |
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| 2.1 | Geographic discoveries of antiquity and the Middle Ages Lesson in studying and primary consolidation of new knowledge | 1 | Swimming of the Phoenicians. Great geographers of antiquity. Geographic discoveries of the Middle Ages | name the main ways of studying the Earth in the past and present | current | § 5, p.tstr 13 No. 2, p. 14 No. 4 outline map |
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| 2.2 | The most important geographic discoveries Combined lesson | 1 | Discovery of America. The first trip around the world. Discovery of Australia. Discovery of Antarctica. Practical work No. 1 Work with the contour map, textbook, disk Compilation of the simplest geographical descriptions of objects and phenomena of animate and inanimate nature. | | current | § 6, p. t p. 17 # 4, prepare a message and presentation |
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| 2.3 | Discoveries of Russian travelers Lesson in studying and primary consolidation of new knowledge | Discovery and development of the North by Novgorodians and Pomors. "Walking for three seas". | name the most outstanding results of geographical discoveries and travels; show travel routes of different times and periods on the map; | | current | § 7 prepare a message and presentation, r.t. bldg. 20 no. 5 |
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| 2.4 | Discoveries of Russian travelers Combined lesson | 1 | Development of Siberia. | name the most outstanding results of geographical discoveries and travels; show travel routes of different times and periods on the map; give examples of their own travels, illustrate them. | create oral messages about geographical discoveries based on several sources of information, accompany the presentation with a presentation | current | § 7, repeat paragraphs 5-6, page 40 No. 5 of the textbook, make a cluster |
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| 2.5 | Generalization of knowledge on the section: "How people discovered the Earth." Lesson in generalization and systematization of knowledge | 1 | Generalization and practical development knowledge and skills in the section "How people discovered the Earth" | Cognitive: carry out an advanced search for information using the resources of libraries and the Internet. Metasubject: work with text navigate the content of the text and understand its holistic meaning | Regulatory: when planning to achieve goals independently, fully and adequately take into account the conditions and means of achieving them; | thematic | R.tstr 21-22 tasks for preparing for the exam and the state exam |
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| 3 | Topic 3: “Earth in the universe »Total hours9 WITH leaving the basic outline of the story and the teacher's presentation. Compare the planets of the solar system according to different parameters. Find Additional information about the processes and phenomena caused by the impact of the near space on the Earth. Compilation of characteristics giant planets according to plan. Analysis of illustrations of the textbook and disk. Characteristics of the features of various celestial bodies according to the illustrations of the textbook. Observations of the starry sky: what constellations I know and have seen. Preparation of a report on the first woman-cosmonaut V.V. Tereshkova, on the first open space(A. A. Leonov) |
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| 3.1 | How ancient people imagined the universe. Lesson in studying and primary consolidation of new knowledge | 1 | What is the Universe? The ideas of the ancient peoples about the Universe. The views of the ancient Greek scientists about the universe. World system according to Ptolemy | describe the ideas of ancient people about the universe; | current | § 8, p. t page 23 fill in the table, page 45 of the textbook (heading think) |
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| 3.2 | Study of the Universe: from Copernicus to the present day Lesson in the study and primary consolidation of new knowledge | 1 | The world system according to Nicolaus Copernicus. Giordano Bruno's views on the Universe. Exploring the Galileo Universe Galileo. Modern concepts of the universe | describe the ideas of ancient people about the universe; | current | § 9, p.tstr 25 No. 4-5 |
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| 3.3 | Neighbors of the Sun Combined lesson | 1 | Terrestrial planets. Mercury. Venus. Land. Mars | name and show the planets of the solar system; define and compare qualitative and quantitative indicators characterizing geographic objects | current | § 10, p.tstr 27 No. 5, textbook p. 56 No. 2 (under the heading think) |
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Translated from Greek the word "geography" means "description of the land."
The concept of the word "geography"
Geography is a science that studies the surface of the Earth, as well as its layers, which form the earth's shell. In addition, geography is concerned with the study of interaction the surrounding nature and human society.
Depending on the subject, geography is economic, physical and political. Geography includes such subject areas of study as the geosphere and geoecology.
Geosphere presents the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, earth crust, mantle, lithosphere, asthenosphere, biosphere and core of the planet.
Geoecology- subsection of geography, which studies the influence of the anthropogenic factor on irreversible processes in the geosphere.
Also a subject of study in geography is the noosphere- a set of people inhabiting the planet, the main aspects of their life (industry, economics, medicine, education, religion).
Famous scientists-geographers
The first scientists - geography appeared in the days the ancient world when seafarers began to discover new lands. For the first time the term "geography" was introduced by the ancient Greek scientist geographer Eratosthenes Kirensky (274-195 BC).
This scientist managed to determine the dimensions of the Earth with a rather high accuracy for that time. Based on the data provided to him by Alexander the Great, he managed to draw up the first map of Eurasia.
Alexander Humboldt made a great contribution to the development of geographical science, who singled out physical geography how independent science... An important role in geographic research played by the outstanding Russian scientist M. Lomonosov, the father of economic geography.
Geographer's tools and geographic nomenclature
To study geography, various tools are used, among which there are many devices that make it possible to draw scientific conclusions at the expense of natural phenomena and processes. Students use two tools that allow them to learn as deeply as possible the subject of geography - these are maps and atlases.
Geographic Maps- reduced images of the Earth's surface, which, through the use of projections and scales, make it possible to get acquainted with the features of the relief, natural complexes, industry, social structure a particular region.
Geographic atlases is a systematic collection of all geographic maps... In the study of geography, geographic nomenclature is also used - the names of continents, rivers, lakes and oceans. For example: Asia, North America, Baikal, Arctic Ocean, Amazon.
