A short story about the desert for children. GCD for environmental education on the theme "Ship of the Desert

If we got acquainted with the life of the Far North, now, on the contrary, I suggest you go to one of the hottest corners of the world - the Sahara Desert. If you want a hot sun, and the vacation is not yet soon, then we are on the way with you The main form of education for preschoolers, as you know, is a game, so we will not linger too long on studying dry facts, but, as usual, we will arrange an adventure with a lot of games , riddles and crafts.

In the article you will find many thematic games that are designed for younger and older preschoolers - children from 3 to 7 years old. Ideas are best spread over several sessions. My daughter and I, as a rule, stretch our trip for a couple of weeks, each time playing up the lesson in a new way. For example, on the first day we dress up as nomads and, having made a camel out of chairs, act out the difficult life in the heat, the next day we plunge into the studied environment, looking at the desert in a book, on the third day we play with a sensor box, etc.

Finding the desert on the map

As usual, the first thing to do is to understand where we are going and find on map(and at the same time on the globe) the desert. In addition to the desert you decided to go to (we had the Sahara), find other large deserts, draw the child's attention to how they are indicated on the map. Along the way, you can remember other places already familiar on the map.

Desert presentation for children

Now that we know where we are, it will be useful to get a first idea of ​​the place where we, the travelers, have come. The best way for this, in my opinion, is a presentation - it contains the most basic facts, not overloaded with unnecessary and poorly remembered details, and, most importantly, it contains a lot of photographs.

Our presentation on the desert can be DOWNLOAD HERE ... It briefly tells about who lives in the desert, how animals manage to survive in such difficult conditions, what is a sandstorm, what is an oasis, etc. Below in the article you will also find a didactic game that will help consolidate all the knowledge gained from the presentation.

Desert sensor box

I used to do it quietly at night, until my daughter sees, because I wanted to show her everything ready-made. Now Tase has become interested in taking an active part in the creation of such boxes. So we made our model of the desert together. Yes, actually doing it is not difficult at all.

For the main filler of the box, you can collect ordinary sand. But if you do not have a sandy coast near by, and you do not want to ruin children's sandboxes, then you can take decorative yellow sand for aquariums, cornmeal or. We used cornmeal.

Well, what is a desert without an oasis? An oasis can be made from hydrogel (aqua soil), blue glass decorative stones, blue fabric or yarn (), or - the most inconvenient, but most naturalistic option - from ordinary water. We surround the reservoir in the oasis with vegetation. If there is, you can put up small houses.

The sensor box is a real space for story-driven games. In our miniature desert, people, exhausted from the heat, were desperately trying to get to the oasis, someone was riding a camel, someone was getting by an SUV.

Then our travelers got into a sandstorm, hiding from the raging elements (we sprinkled cornmeal on them through a sieve)

dug up the wheels of a jeep, covered during a sandstorm, etc.

Desert Games

In the game, any new material is remembered best, so try to include in your journey as many diverse games as possible, including outdoor ones. Ideas:

• We play nomads

Like nomads, we dress up in long clothes (imitating Arab clothing - burnous), wrap our head with a scarf (this will be kufya), and set off on a journey through the desert. A camel can be made of two chairs stacked one after the other (the backs will be the humps of the camel). If the number of chairs allows, you can organize a whole caravan

We beat all the difficulties that a traveler in the desert faces: we walk along the hot sand in search of an oasis, we suffer from the heat, we run away from a snake or a monitor lizard, we overcome a sandstorm by wrapping ourselves in clothes and hiding behind camels, etc. Tired of traveling, we go to bed for the night next to our faithful camels.

Clothespin cacti

Camels, of course, can go without food and water for a long time, but still it will be useful to feed them before our trip. Camels' favorite dish is camel thorn, something similar can be done with clothespins. Or just make cacti.

• Finger game "Rain, more fun!"

Playing as travelers walking in the desert and tired of the heat, we try to make it rain, with this finger game will help us:

Rain, rain, more fun! ( alternately every right finger hands knock on the palm of the left)

Drip, drip, do not regret! (alternately, with each finger of the left hand, knock on the palm of the right)

Just don't get us wet! (fold our arms over our heads)

Don't knock on the window in vain! (knocking fist on cam)

Splashes in the field are thicker: (we depict "splashes" with our fingers)

The grass will become thicker! (palms in front of you, fingers look up, spread them out - we represent grass)

• Game "Cacti"

We agree that now we will be cacti. At the command "Rain", the cacti represent collecting water and laying it in the stems, and at the command "Sun" they simply stand with their arms out to the sides.

• Game "Jerboas"

We jump like jerboas: from a deep squat on two legs, we jump forward and up. You can also hang the object at a low height above your head so that the jerboa will try to reach it during the jump.

Either we prepare a camel diagram for the baby in advance, taking into account the available set of parts, or we create together what happens

• Genie from the lamp

If you have a jug at home that looks like Aladdin's magic lamp, you can beat the appearance of the wizard genie. The genie can be dad or some kind of toy (we had Ali Baba from the game "", from the same place the magic lamp).

As usual, emerging from the lamp, Jin promises the fulfillment of desires: for example, he can help to get out of the desert or treat him to something sweet. But first you need to surprise him with something. For example, guess his cunning riddles (see below), put a puzzle or make some themed crafts (see below).

• Putting the puzzle together

Our African puzzle can DOWNLOAD HERE .

• Didactic game on the theme "Desert"

You can play a simple game to reinforce the key concepts in your presentation. To do this, you need cards with images of inhabitants and other phenomena characteristic of the desert (Our cards can be DOWNLOAD HERE , for convenience, it is better to glue them on cardboard in advance).

Before the game, all cards are stacked face down in a deck. The presenter takes out one card from the deck and shows it to all the players. Whoever guesses faster what is depicted on the card takes it for himself. The player with the most cards wins.

It is also interesting to mix several sets of cards to repeat other themes as well. For example, add “ Arctic»

• "Ali Baba and the naughty camel" (My-shop, Ozon)

During our trip to the desert, I quite accidentally remembered about the previously purchased game, and it came in handy for us. The game does not have any educational function, it is purely entertaining.

The idea of ​​the game is to put as much luggage on the camel as possible, while you need to try to do it so carefully so that the restive camel does not begin to show its character and does not scatter all the things along with Ali Baba sitting on it. The camel has the ability to jump up from its place with any careless movement, as well as with too many things. So emotions in this game are guaranteed. The only thing, keep in mind, younger children (up to 3-4 years old) may be afraid of the camel with its sharp movements.

Desert riddles for kids

The whole day goes on in the heat

He eats thorns and does not drink.

Tea, carpets, silks and melons

Will carry you through the desert

After - drink moisture pond

Nomad's friend - ... (camel)

Here is the house on its legs,

Who lives - I do not know - in it!

What kind of beast? - I saw a paw !!

Dad calmed me down -

There is no room for fear!

This is ... (turtle)

After waiting out the heat in the mink,

At night, like a kangaroo,

Jumps briskly on two legs,

Small animal - ... (jerboa)

Runs along the hillock,

Steering with a tail-wheel.

Grab the ponytail, just - ah!

She ran away! ... Tail in hand.

(lizard)

The rope crawls along the ground

Here is the tongue, open mouth,

I’m ready to bite everyone,

No ears, no legs, no eyes

But, on the other hand, thorns are class!

He has a red flower

How beautiful blooming ... (cactus)

Desert Crafts for Kids

A few DIY ideas to help you on your wilderness trip.

• Paper plate turtle ... First, we paint the plates, trying to depict a "turtle" pattern on the shell, then glue all the other (pre-painted) body parts from below.

• Egyptian pyramid made of paper blocks ... We draw blocks in advance on a sheet of colored paper, we suggest that the child cut them out and glue them in the form of a pyramid.

• ... Older children can be offered to make a volumetric pyramid out of cardboard. To do this, prepare in advance schema... After the layout is cut, all that remains is to bend it along the lines and glue it.

• Plasticine and matchstick cactus

Group: preparatory

The purpose of the game lesson:

The formation of primary ideas among older preschoolers about the objects of the surrounding world and natural features in experimental and experimental activities and

Objectives of the game lesson:

Educational tasks.

1. To acquaint children with a natural phenomenon like wind, its properties and role in human life.
2. Teach children to observe, conduct experiments and draw conclusions on their own.

Educational task

Foster an interest in experimental activities and a love of nature.

Developing tasks.

1. Continue to develop logical thinking and imagination while conducting experiments.
2. Activate dictionary (wind, breeze, wind, prickly, gentle, blizzard, blizzard, blizzard).

• generalize, clarify and expand children's knowledge about water, its properties, role in human life and living organisms, contribute to the accumulation of specific ideas about the properties of water, develop cognitive interest in the process of experimenting with water, develop speech, thinking, curiosity, the ability to admire the beauty of water bodies, to develop ecological culture, to foster respect for water as the main natural resource.

Demo material:

• molds, two glasses with milk and water, watercolor paint, brushes, spoons, lumps of earth, funnel, cotton wool, napkins, vegetable oil.

Handout:

• experimental sheets, plywood boards, stones, glass beads, a bolt, a plastic toy, styrofoam, foam rubber, simple pencils, containers of water.

Preliminary work:

• conducting a series of experiments with water in order to get acquainted with the properties of water, observation, drawing, reading stories, conversations.

Forms of work:

Lesson summary

Slide - globe map and compass

Educator (drawing children's attention to the book corner):

- Look what an unusual book appeared on the bookshelf today. This is not a book at all, but an old one. "Travel Diary of the Sahara Desert" ... Let's go to our round scientific table and get acquainted with the diary in more detail.

- How many knows where the largest desert on the Sahara is located? (In Africa) Let's find and show this great African desert on a map or globe. What color is the desert painted? What do you think yellow can mean? (Sand)

- Now that we know where the Sahara Desert is, suggest how you can get there?

- Can you get to the Sahara by train? Why not?

- Is it possible to reach it by car (bike), walk?

- What is better to fly to the Sahara: in a balloon or by plane?

(children make assumptions and argue for them)

- In ancient times, it was not easy to get to Samara. It was necessary to travel for a long time on land, then sail on a ship. All this is written in the diary. Now it is easier to do it, The best thing is to go on a flight by plane.

- When you hear the word "desert" what do you think? (sand, sun and nothing else)

Slide - desert

- This is not entirely true! The Sahara has a burning sun and hot sands, and, indeed, there are places where there is not a single plant for hundreds of kilometers. This is a real sandy sea with dune waves. But there are other places as well.

Slide - oasis

- After all, a great river flows through the desert. What is it called? (Nile) And de water, there is life. Such places in the desert are called oases.

Slide - desert

- What features of the desert do we already know? (Hot climate, little water, sandy soil, predominance of animals living in burrows, poor vegetation, etc. The desert is the hottest place on earth. The sand from the sun heats up and becomes very hot)... I propose to conduct several experiments in our mini laboratory and to understand in more detail the characteristic features of the desert.

EXPERIENCE # 1 "BARKHANS"

Slide - dunes

- Where do you think such unusual slides come from in the desert?

(The children's answers are listened to, but not commented on. Children will answer it again after the end of the experiment: in front of each child there is a plastic container with dry sand and a cocktail tube. The sand in the jar is the personal desert of each child)

- I propose to imagine that each of us is a wind: it is not strong, but we blow on the sand for a long time. What's going on with him? (Waves appear first. If you blow longer, the sand will move from one place to another. "Wind" a sand mound will appear).

- These are sandy hills, only large ones, you can find in a real desert. The wind creates them. These sandy hills are called dunes. Sometimes strong winds blow over the desert. They raise clouds of sand - this is how desert storms arise.

Slide - desert storms

EXPERIENCE # 2 “WHY IS THERE WATER IN THE DESERT?

- Do you guys think it rains in the desert? (Yes, but they are very rare, but there is a lot of precipitation)

Slide - rain in the desert

- What happens to the water in the desert?

- Let's see what conclusion we will come to after the following experiment: open the lids and pour water from the glasses (children pour water into the sand)... What do you see? (Water quickly seeps through the grains of sand and settles below, on clay soils, without having time to penetrate inside, it evaporates).

- It is very hot in the desert, and it may even seem that there is nothing living there and cannot be. But it turns out that plants and animals can survive in such conditions.

Slide - camel thorn

- They adapt to high temperatures and lack of water. How - we'll find out now.

Slide - camel thorn and dandelion (plant images: one has a long root, the other has a short one)

- Which plant do you think can survive in the desert? Why? Why does he need a long root? Yes, long roots are one of the features of desert plants. After all, they have to survive in conditions of a minimum amount of water. The roots of the camel thorn penetrate almost 20 meters in depth and from there they extract water.

Slide - lizard, snake, turtle, jerboa, fenech

- There are animals in the desert that prefer to live in the sands.

Slide - sand mink

- There they can dig a burrow and hide from the heat and predators. Why is it difficult for animals to live in the desert? (nothing to eat, little water)

- What do people use to move around the desert?

Slide - camel caravan

- Why is the camel called the ship of the desert? (Because he walks along the dunes, like the waves. And the desert, like the sea, only made of sand)

Reflections of children and additions of the educator.

Slide - camel

- What is unusual about the camel? How did he adapt to the desert? (Camels know how to close their nostrils during sandstorms so as not to breathe in sand. Long eyelashes protect their eyes. To avoid overheating, the camel has no fat under the skin. All of it is concentrated in the hump. Camels are very hardy animals. They can run without stopping a whole day, they can go without water for a long time)

EXPERIENCE # 3 "SHIP OF THE DESERT"

Slide - camel feet

- Pay attention to how wide the camel's feet are. For what? (In order not to fall through the sand)

The teacher shows the children objects with different bases: a stick, a bowl, etc. He offers to put them on the sand and press. Children perform, observe and note that some objects, with a wide base, did not get bogged down in the sand.

- We have found out with you why it is more convenient to travel in the desert on a camel.

THE GAME "PAST AND FUTURE"

“Look, the old diary shows some of the things that were used by travelers in the desert many years ago.

Examining pictures

- The travelers carried all the things on camels in sacks. And modern travelers, besides a bag, what else do they wear their things in? (backpack)

- Earlier, when travelers stopped to rest, they set up a tent. And what do modern travelers establish? (tent)

- Time was determined using sundial and hourglass. What kind of watch will modern travelers need? (mechanical, electronic)

“When it got dark in the desert, they used the light of an oil lamp. What do we need now to light the way in the dark? (electric flashlight)

- To take notes, the travelers took pen and ink with them. What is useful for recording information now? (pencil, pen, tablet)

- The travelers kept water in a leather bag - a wineskin. And what is the most often stored water in today? (flask, bottle)

- In ancient times the sun and the stars showed the way to travelers. And now with which device can you find out the direction? (compass)

- Perhaps one of you, when you grow up, go on a journey through the desert. Please name the items, things that you would need on such a journey. Look, I've already prepared something. But first I decided to consult with you: what to take and what to leave. (The teacher shows different objects on the tables) Let the girls choose all the necessary things and place them on the table, where there is a picture of a girl with a backpack; and the boys will choose things and put them on the table with a picture of a boy with a backpack.

Children choose things to travel with music.

- Let's see who chose what? Why? What for? (Children justify their choice)

EXPERIENCE # 4 "HEATING OBJECTS"

- You have chosen many things necessary for traveling in the desert, among which, of course, there are clothes. In the desert, it is very important to protect the body from the sun to avoid sunstroke. For this, a headdress and suitable clothing are required. I see you have chosen clothes of different colors. Do you think the color of the travelers' clothes matters?

- Does the sun heat all objects equally? (Not really)

- Let's check and go to the table with a table lamp.

- The sun is the main illuminator. It burns above the ground like a giant light bulb. Let's imagine that the electric lamp is the sun. Submit your palm. What do you feel? (Warm, hot) The palm is hot. Not only the palm, but all objects heat up when light falls on them. So the sun's rays heat the surface of the Earth and objects.

- Touch stones and pieces of fabric. Tell me, are they cold or warm? (Cold) And these pebbles (White and black) lay under the light of the lamp. Are they cold or warm? (Warm)... Which stone is hotter? (Black) And what color of fabric got hotter: black or white? (Black) You're right: black absorbs a lot of sunlight, so black objects heat up more than white objects.

- Animals of the desert have a light sandy color. Why do you think? And residents of hot countries paint the walls of houses white. Light-colored walls reflect some of the sun's rays and do not heat up much. So in what clothes will you feel less hot: white or black? (In white) That's right, guys, in hot weather it is better to have light-colored clothes. It repels the sun's rays.

EXPERIENCE # 5 "FILTRATION"

- And now I will read you one important entry from the diary. “A caravan was walking in the desert, we had been on the way for a long time, and we had very little water left. But a disaster struck: a strong hurricane began, and all the water that we had became dirty. Everyone was very upset and began to think how to get drunk, how to purify the water? In our bags we found cheesecloth, blotting paper, sieve, colander, funnel, empty, clean jars. We thought and guessed how we can purify the water and quench our thirst " .

- Think, maybe you can guess how the travelers managed to purify the water? What did they do? What items and materials helped them in this? (They made cleaning devices - filters. Let's test our guesses and assumptions with the help of experiments.

There is a can of polluted water on the table (it contains sawdust, pebbles, sand), three empty clean jars, sieve, funnel, gauze, blotter.

- Look, before us is the same dirty water as the travelers, and the same items and materials that they found in their bags. What items and materials do you think can best purify water? Explain why you think so.

The teacher shows the methods of filtering.

- Let's take an empty jar, put a sieve in it and pour the polluted water. What happened? Has the water cleared?

- Now let's make a gauze filter. Take an empty jar, put a funnel in it, and cover the funnel with gauze. Now let's pour polluted water here. Is the water cleaner?

- The next blotter paper filter. You need to cut a circle and put it in a funnel, and then pour water. What happened after filtering water with substances? (After filtration, the color of the filter changed, and the filtered water became cleaner) Which filter cleans water better? (Blotting paper)

EXPERIENCE # 6 "WHAT'S IN BOTTLES"

- Water is very important for desert travel. And I wanted to give you another bottle of water. Here are just a bottle with different contents and my labels are messed up.

- Let's see what is drawn and written on the labels. There is a droplet on this label and it says "Water" ... And here an orange is drawn and it is written "Juice" ... And where the cow is drawn, it is written "Milk" ... Someone funny is drawn on this label. Look, he puffs out his cheeks and blows, and it is written "Air" .

- Can you identify what's in the bottles and find the water you need to travel through the desert? (Yes) Then determine what's in the bottles.

Four closed plastic bottles. Children examine them and determine that one of them is light, and three are heavy; in two of the heavy containers, colored liquids: white and orange, suggest that it is "Milk" and "Juice" , which means that in the third bottle - "Water" ; open, be convinced of it.

- Explain, please, how did you guess what is in the bottles?

Together they reveal the properties of water: pour it into cups, sniff it, pour it over, compare the weight of a full and empty glass.

- Now smell the water. What does she smell like? (Does not smell at all. Water is odorless if it is clean).

- You chose the things you need to travel in the desert. Now that we have run a few experiments, perhaps you select other things or replace some of them. Explain your choice. A boy and a girl who want to talk about their work, others complement them. We found out with you what you need to travel in the desert: light-colored clothing (better than white), water, water filter, etc.

- Look, there are blank pages in the diary. Let's make it a diary of our group research in the desert and fill in the blank pages.

Galina Khrabrova
"Desert". Summary of cognitive activities for older preschool children

Trip to desert

Educator Khrabrova G.A.

Target. Learn to solve a problem situation through experimentation and modeling, to see cause-and-effect relationships in nature. Develop an evaluative and critical attitude to the surrounding reality (TRIZ)... Give children an idea of wilderness; show how animals, plants and people are adapted to life in these harsh conditions. Arouse interest in the camel as a very specific animal. Cultivate curiosity, accuracy, diligence. Activate speech children, enrich their vocabulary in words: oasis, caravan.

Security: layout deserts, image of a camel, mock-up of a camel's leg, brown wool (long and short, river sand, pieces of cardboard, colored paper, dermantine, camel contours by quantity children.

The course of the lesson.

Children, listen to what I'm going to tell you now. There lived a famous traveler in the east, his name was Ali. He had a granddaughter, Batagoz, who lived in the city. Once she came to visit her grandfather, but did not warn him about her arrival. And at this time he was going on a long journey to the city of Chardzhou. Ali chose a long way, because the road passed through desert Kara-Kum, along which it was necessary to go for 10 whole days. Batagoz really wanted to go with her grandfather. She asked so much that old Ali agreed... They spent the next day preparing for the trip.

Di "Let's go on a journey" (What you need to take to travel to wilderness) .

Early in the morning Ali brought 2 camels from the steppe, each with 2 huge humps. The travelers prepared a supply of food and water and set off the next day.

Guys, why did they take so much water and food with them?

Batagoz sat on a camel between two humps. Before her eyes, a huge world of yellow sand opened up to the very horizon. Occasionally she saw camel thorn bushes. The sun was beating down so mercilessly! Grandpa and Batagoz were very tired during the day, but only for the night they stopped to sleep and gain strength. At one of these stops Batagoz said:

Grandpa, why, as soon as I get off the camel, I immediately fall into the sand, but the camel does not fall through.

Guys, why do you think the camel doesn't fall into the sand?

Let's see how the leg of a camel works.

(Children come to the table and conduct an experiment. They stick sharp sticks into the sand, and then sticks, where the paralon is glued. They conclude that the camel's leg is wide).

Grandpa said the same thing granddaughter:

Batagoz said:

Why doesn't the camel burn his feet, because the sand is hot, and he walks barefoot?

Guys, why doesn't the camel burn your feet?

Ali said:

That is why, my girl, that a camel has very thick and hard skin on its leg. It resembles a corn that sometimes appears in humans. Therefore, all camels are called calluses.

Why does he have so much fur on his neck and chest? Other animals have a lot of hair on their backs.

Guys, why do you think a camel has more hair on the front of its body?

Grandpa is what he said Batagoz:

He eats the tough branches of a camel thorn and, in order not to be pricked, has a thick and long coat in front of him.

Grandpa, why are there no thorns at all here? There used to be more of them!

Guys why in the center desert thorns less than along its edges? So grandpa also explained, around the edges desert water more than in the center, so even a camel's thorn does not grow here.

Batagoz went up to the camel and gently stroked it, and then again asked grandfather question:

Why does a camel need such a thick and long coat? the desert is very hot?

Guys, how do you answer this question?

And grandfather said the same thing, that thick and long hair saves the skin of a camel from burns.

They drove on for a very long time, and B. atagoz had no strength at all. She was thirsty, and the water had already run out. And suddenly green trees appeared ahead. When they approached them, they saw between them a stream that flowed out of the ground. Grandpa said it was an oasis.

There they drank water and rested in the shade of trees. There were still a few days' journey to the city. Grandpa and Batagoz are tired of traveling. The camels are tired too. Their humps fell to the side. Batagoz became uncomfortable to sit. She asked her grandfather why the humps were so soft.

Guys, why did the camel's humps become soft?

And the grandfather showed his granddaughter the bag in which their food was lying and asked her why the bag was full at first, but now it was small?

We ate everything! ”The girl answered.

You see, we are small, and how much we ate. And the camel was so big, and he worked so much, carried our things and us. He needs much more food. And he almost did not eat or drink anything, because there were few thorns.

So he, that, carries food in the humps, - the girl guessed.

Yes, Ali replied. Before going on the trip, he was well fed, and he put food and water in the humps in reserve, and then ate them all the way. That is why he can go much longer than we can without food and water.

Grandpa Ali and Batagoz made it safely to the city. Batagoz sank to the ground and gently stroked her camel, sentencing:

Thank you camel! How strong, reliable and brave you are! No sands are scary with you. No wonder they call you a ship deserts.

Guys, did you like the story of Batagoz and her grandfather?

What would you like to take on a trip to wilderness?

Let's make a camel model for this. But before we get to work, we'll sing a song about desert and dance.

Song about wilderness(with movements).

V the desert has no trees,

V desert no grass.

Around some dunes -

Sandy hills.

There are no butterflies to be seen

And the birds don't sing

Camel caravans

There they wander in a haze.

Chorus:.

Desert, desert-

There is only sand all around.

Desert, desert-

There life is a sip of water.

We will grow up a little

We will travel to many countries.

V the Kara-Kum desert

Our caravan will go.

And friendship and courage

Will help us on the way

Camels will help us

Desert go.

Now, guys, go to the workplaces.

Gymnastics for the fingers.

The camel walked on the sand,

He saw a thorn.

Ate, ate, ate, ate,

He saw an oasis.

Drank, drank, drank

Our camel has gained strength.

Making a camel model.

1. Thick long hair on the chest and neck.

2. Thick short hair on the body.

3. Broad, hard hooves.

4. High humps.

(Children build a caravan from ready-made models).

Exercise for the eyes.

Guys, in desert a lot of sun... Do you want to play it with rays?

Ray, ray, mischievous,

Play, you are with me! (blinking eyes).

Well, ray, turn around

Show me your eyes! (circular movements of the eyes).

I'll take my gaze to the left,

I will find a ray of sunshine.

I'll take my gaze to the right,

I'll find a ray again.

I will look into the distance with my eyes

My ray escaped. It's a pity!

Summing up classes.

Guys, did you enjoy the trip with Batagoz and her grandfather?

Why did you like the trip?

What is interesting about the game "Let's go on a journey"?

What is the most convenient way to travel around wilderness?

Informational resources.

1. "Environmental observations and experiments in kindergarten"... A.I. Ivanova.

2. "Complex classes in the preparatory group ".

3. Own creativity.

Lydia Kuranova
Lesson to familiarize preschoolers with the natural zones of the earth. Topic: "Desert"

Topic: "Desert"

Integration of educational areas: "Cognition", "Communication", "Physical culture", "Labor".

Types of children's activities: play, cognitive and research, productive, communicative, musical and artistic.

Cognition(formation of a holistic picture of the world). to acquaint with the climatic conditions of hot continents, to deepen and systematize the idea of ​​children about the flora and fauna of the desert, the understanding that in order to preserve nature, it must be protected; develop a cognitive interest in the inhabitants of the desert, curiosity, imagination; to cultivate love for nature, interest and desire to study it.

Communication: to teach children to maintain a conversation about the inhabitants of the desert, to reason, to express their point of view.

Cognition(development of constructive activity) to teach children to build a model of a desert out of sand with its inhabitants.

Physical education. to form in the process of motor activity various types of cognitive activity.

Enrichment of the vocabulary: oasis, tornado, saxaul, dunes.

Planned results: shows interest in new knowledge; formulates the answers to the teacher's questions about the content of the story, using complex sentences of different types in speech; knows the inhabitants of the desert; knows how to build a model of the desert with its inhabitants.

Material: globe; box with low sides, sand (for a model of the desert); figurines of animals and plants of the desert; pictures of animals, plants and desert landscape; transparent glass, sand, water for the experiment; puzzles; musical accompaniment (noise of rain, thunderstorm).

Preliminary work: examination of the globe, continents, geographical map: finding deserts, mountains, rivers and their designation on the map.

Preparatory work: prepare a box with low sides, fine sand.

Course of the lesson

1. The teacher's story about the desert (use demo material - pictures with images of plants and animals of the desert).

1/7 of the entire land area of ​​the Earth is occupied by deserts. Deserts are very dry areas with very, very little rain per year. The largest and hottest desert on the planet - the Sahara - is located in the north of Africa (show on the globe). Desert vegetation is poor. Plants do not form a continuous cover. They grow in bunches, sparse bushes. Cracked clay or dry sand is visible between them. There are separate areas where there is no vegetation. Summer in the desert is hot, there is little rainfall, so plants grow here that can withstand prolonged drought. Their roots go deep into the ground, because only there, in the deep layers of the soil, they can find moisture. The small leaves, typical of desert plants, contribute to less evaporation of water from their surface. Some plants have thorns instead of leaves.

It is very hot at noon, at which time you can easily bake an egg in the hot sand.

In every hot desert, once a year, there comes a time when plants suddenly bloom. This happens when it rains, most often in the spring. If it starts raining, then heavy, weak rain would dry out on the way to the ground - it's so hot in the desert.

Desert plants are unusual.

The cactus has a soft, sponge-like trunk that grows thicker full of water after rain. It has no leaves. Cactus accumulates water in green trunks.

Mastic tree, roots up to 30m in length.

White and black saxaul - roots go deep into the ground; instead of leaves - scales.

Camel thorn and wormwood are still growing, lilies and red poppies are blooming.

The surface of the desert is hilly. Large hills of fine sand are common. These are dunes.

A tornado often occurs in the desert. It is a huge pillar of sand blown up by the wind. It is impossible to fight with it. He sweeps away everything in his path.

The fauna of the desert is also peculiar. Animals are undemanding to food and water. Their color matches the color of the sun-scorched surface - yellow-gray. They have adapted to the intense heat. Many of them hide in dense, shady places during the hottest part of the day, in burrows, appearing at dusk or at night to hunt or graze.

Lizards don't drink water. They have enough of the liquid that they receive from food. Special teeth on the fingers prevent them from falling into the sand, and they glide very quickly on the sand thanks to the "sand skiing". They live in burrows abandoned by animals, or they dig themselves. In order to protect themselves, they use a self-mutilation reflex - they discard the tail, which grows back over time.

Turtles (about 20cm long) can weigh 1.5-2kg; feed on plant foods, sometimes small insects.

The desert is inhabited by owls, snakes, scarab beetles, gazelle antelopes, toads, wild donkeys, insects: locusts, tarantulas, scorpions, beetles. The monitor lizard is the largest. The length of the gray monitor is 1.5m. Due to its large size, it is called the desert crocodile.

One of the most interesting animals lives in the desert - the camel. A camel is not only a vehicle. It easily passes through loose sands because its “sandshoes” are soft and wide. It feeds on bitter-salty grass, saxaul, wormwood, camel thorn. A camel can live without water for 2-3 weeks, feeding on plants containing water. Tens of liters of water can be lost in hot weather and does not die of thirst, but only dries up, loses weight. But then, replenishing it, he drinks 13 buckets of water in 10 minutes. Water, like a sponge, is absorbed by all parts of the body. They have calluses on their knees, chest and heels. For what? In such "calloused shoes" it is very convenient to walk on gravelly-rocky desert and soft sand, without getting stuck in it and not getting burned. Thick wool serves as a true protection from heat and cold. Long legs are comfortable when walking, a long neck allows you to see the danger in time, thick long eyelashes protect your eyes from dust and sand. Food and water are stored in two humps. The camel is called the "ship of the desert". Why do you guys think? (because they transport salt, sugar, timber, cotton, grain, flour). For the desert, this is the cheapest and most convenient transport. Why? (no need for expensive fuel, various trailers carrying cargo, they are unpretentious in food).

Almost everywhere there is groundwater trapped in hard rocks, but there are few places where hard rocks - rocks - come to the surface. These places in the deserts are called oases. Plants such as date palms only grow near oases, where their roots can reach the water. Many desert birds, such as the sand partridge, and larger animals, such as foxes, visit the oases regularly to drink their water.

Desert exploration.

Target:

Expansion and consolidation of children's knowledge about life in the desert, about the properties of sand.

Promote the development of fine motor skills in the hands of children,using an unconventional drawing method.

Tasks:

Educational:

Deepen and systematize children's understanding of the flora and fauna of the desert;

- Teach children to create patternscolored sand on paper.

Developing:

Develop the skills of cooperation in a team and in pairs, follow the rules and norms of behavior in joint activities;

Develop cognitive interest in desert dwellers, curiosity, imagination;

Develop an interest in experimental activities;

- Develop fine motor skills of the handsby painting with colored sand.

Enrichment of the dictionary: Sahara Desert, oasis, dunes, camel caravan, jerboa, camel thorn.

Educational:

Cultivate an interest in nature.

- To foster independence, accuracy in work.

Integration of educational areas : cognitive development, social and communicative development, speech development, artistic and aesthetic development, physical development.

Equipment: A computer, a screen, a projector, a music center, discs with music, a presentation for a lesson, a sandbox, magnifying glasses, sand scoops, funnels, three-liter jars with lids, straws for juice, deep plates.

OOD progress:

Educator: Hello guys!

We have guests today. See what kind, affectionate faces our guests have. Let's say hello.

Gather children in a circle

You are my friend and I am your friend

Hold hands tight

And smile at each other.

Our hands joined each other, conveyed warmth and kindness to each other. They made us friends!

(Sound of the wind)

Educator: What is it? What is this sound? Suddenly it became cold.

Children: this is the wind

Educator: But this is not a simple wind, north, cold. Guys, look at the screen, the magic lights are on. Let's find out what happened.

Video letter from Umka:

Educator: Guys, where do you think you can find a lot of sand.

Children: In desert.

Educator: That's right, in the desert. To help Umka and learn as much as possible about the sand, we need to go to the desert. But how do we get to the desert? (Answers of children)

Educator: I suggest you go on a journey with modern transport - Bystrolet.

(Flight simulation).

Educator: Well, guys, we are in the desert.

See how immense the expanse is, and there is so much sand. The wind blows strongly in the desert, it carries sands. These sandy hills are called dunes, and the wind is called dry wind. The wind in the desert causes sandstorms.

Educator: Do you recognize this plant? How did it adapt to life in the desert?

Children: Yes, it's a cactus. The cactus has thorns instead of leaves. And the root goes deep into the sands, where there is water.

Educator: Cacti survive in deserts because they store water in their stems. Instead of leaves, they have sharp thorns! Some cacti have very beautiful flowers. A plant grows - a camel thorn, which the camel feeds on.

Educator: But apart from plants, there are also animals and birds, insects and reptiles in the desert.

Let's walk through the hot desert sands and see who else lives in the desert?

Children: turtles.

Educator: Guys, where do the turtles spend their time?

Children: most of their time is spent in a secluded place.

Educator: Look guys, here are the lizards. This is the largest lizard, what do you think it is called?

Children: monitor lizard.

Educator: Spiders live in the desert. And over there I see poisonous scorpions crawling on the sand. You need to walk carefully in the desert, as there are a lot of different poisonous snakes here.

Educator: And what are these little animals?

Children: These are jerboas.

Educator: Where are the jerboas hiding from the sun?

Children: jerboas hide from the sun in sandy burrows.

Educator: But what is it? In the middle of the desert, we see a green island - a lake, palm trees. This is an oasis. What is an oasis?

Children: children's answers.

(a place in the desert where there is enough water, palms grow there, and the land around the oasis is very fertile).

Educator: Guys, the biggest desert in the world is called the Sahara. The Red Sea is located near the Sahara. It is also called the Dead Sea, as it contains a lot of salt, and no one can survive there. In the Red Sea, the water is so salty that it is impossible to swim in it, and not a single object drowns.

Educator: The desert is full of dangers. One of them is called quicksand. Have you heard anything about quicksand. (children's answers).

Educator: Guys, we promised Umka to find out about the sand. To do this, we need to go to the laboratory, where we will confirm the facts about the desert. But first, let's take a little rest:

In the morning from a black cloud

It was raining for an hour

Loose sand damp

Behind our gate.

I immediately got down to business,

And built a house with a window.

And in the morning the sun warmed up

And my house collapsed.

Experience 1. In the desert, we learned about the drier wind that creates dunes and sandstorms. Let's create a sandstorm too.

Take the straws, insert them into the lids of the jars and gently blow on the sand. What's happening? - (grains of sand fly away because they do not stick to each other).

Conclusion: loose sand.

Experience 2. We said that the Red Sea is called "dead" because of its high salt content. It is impossible to drown in a salty solution. Now we will verify this fact with the help of experience.

Chicken eggs are placed in fresh water - the eggs begin to sink. Then add a few tablespoons of salt to the water, stir to dissolve the salt - the eggs do not sink.

Educator: Guys, look, I brought you a painting of a desert. Look, the dunes are drawn here, but, in my opinion, someone is missing here.

Educator: Who is missing in our desert?

Children: Camels, turtles, jerboas, etc. live in the desert.

Educator: Exactly! I completely forgot about them. What to do?

Children: do it yourself.

Educator: I suggest making animals for the desert with your own hands! I suggest you do it in a magical way - with colored sand!

Let's remember how to paint with sand:

1. First you need to spread glue on the surface,

2. Then gently sprinkle the sand, (pinch)

Children paint with sand. Individual help and supervision of a teacher.

After work, children dry their hands with a napkin.

Educator: And now it's time for us to return to the group. We now know a lot about sand, about the desert. Children, let's tell Umka what you have learned today.

Children list.

Umka: Well done, guys. I really liked that you know so much about sand, about the desert, so I want to present you gifts. Until next time, friends!

MBDOU "Kindergarten" Rainbow "

Desert Exploration

Organized educational

activity

Middle group

Educator:

Mishina Maria Viktorovna

Aksubaevo, 2017