It was about 30 years ago. Decommunisers once again got into a puddle
1987 in the USSR. That year was like a bright flash. The wind of change has burst into the country. People were drunk with the fresh air of freedom. From what was happening and even more from premonitions, my heart sank. Everything was just beginning.
May 87 German amateur pilot Matthias Rust at the age of 18, who made his historic flight on a light plane from Hamburg via Reykjavik and Helsinki to Moscow. On May 28 (on the Day of the Border Troops of the USSR), he landed at the very walls of the Kremlin on Vasilyevsky Spusk, having flown over a thousand kilometers unhindered.
This was one of the landmark events, the first missed hit. According to Marshal Soviet Union DT Yazov, the air defense forces drove the "Cessna" to Moscow and did not stop the flight, because "after the incident with the South Korean airliner, they received an order not to shoot down civilian planes."
From now on, not a single decisive action could be taken by the country's leadership without regard to the opinion of the West. And from now on, the whole world saw that "the USSR is not the same." For violating Soviet airspace, the "messenger of goodwill" Rust, of course, was tried, but very mildly, with a discount on "new thinking."
Matthias Rust (left), an 18-year-old German amateur pilot who wowed the world by landing his plane on Vasilyevsky Spusk in May 1987, dines in court. Yuri Abramochkin, 1987:
3. Friendship with the West at any cost has become one of the main strategic goals of the Soviet leadership. The fastest way was to build "humanitarian bridges": TV bridges, exchanges, "goodwill ambassadors." In the West, Gorbachev's "perestroika" also came into vogue, and all kinds of visitors flocked to the USSR, including professional specialists in "building friendship."
In 1987, it was already possible to walk freely with the American flag on Red Square:
4. The "honeymoon" of Soviet-American relations began, which will last until the collapse of the USSR and will seize even the first years of Yeltsin's Russia. Relations with England also began to improve dramatically. March 28, 1987 " The Iron Lady”Warmly greeted the Muscovites:
5. Secretary General The CPSU Central Committee Mikhail Gorbachev is establishing contact with British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, 1987:
5. After 30 years, Mikhail Sergeevich will remain the darling of the West. What then could Gorbachev offer the Americans and their allies? First of all, disarmament. On December 8, 1987, a Soviet-American meeting was held in Washington. the highest level, during which Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan signed an indefinite Treaty on the Elimination of Intermediate and Short-Range Missiles (INF):
7. A Soviet sentry guards intercontinental ballistic missiles to be destroyed in accordance with the 1987 US disarmament treaty:
8. The first sips of freedom on the Moscow streets through the eyes of a Western reporter. "A Russian practicing glasnost on a Russian street", 1987:
9. Given an editorial assignment, Western reporters could find "intense discussion" even in Soviet school 1987:
10. Although, according to my memory, we began to "discuss intensively" there only in 1988, and in 1987 we were still limited to reading "samizdat". The gathering winds of change in 1987 most of all affected the sphere of culture, the most daring representatives of which began to quickly (and unsuccessfully!) Grope for the "boundaries of what is permitted."
The Ogonyok magazine became the main herald of perestroika freedom. Chief Editor Ogonyok magazine Vitaly Korotich with poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko, 1987 TASS photo chronicle Vladimir Repik:
11. In January 1987, "Repentance", an anti-Stalinist psychological drama directed by Tengiz Abuladze, shot back in 1984, was released on Soviet screens:
12. I first saw this movie poster in Tallinn in March 1987. The film will be a landmark and will kick-start a huge wave of re-styled revelatory cinema. The time when the stars were young))
Boyarsky in the prime of life, XX Congress of the Lenin Komsomol, 1987:
13. Theater and film actress Tatyana Dogileva. Photo by Vladimir Yatsina TASS photo chronicle, 1987:
14. Played one of the main roles in the perestroika film "Forgotten Melody for the Flute", which was released in November 1987. Main character of the film - a successful career manager at the super-prestigious "Moskvich-2141":
15. The film was believed to expose bureaucracy:
We do not plow, do not sow, do not build, -
we are proud of the social order.
We are paper, important people,
we were, and we are, and we will be.
Young actress Elena Yakovleva, who in a couple of years will become famous for her role in "Intergirl", 1987:
16. Theater and film actress Lyubov Grigorievna Polishchuk. Photo by Valery Plotnikov. RIA Novosti, 1987:
17. Laima Vaikule & Valery Leontiev, 1987:
18. And some left forever young ...
On August 14, 1987, during a theater tour in Riga, at the play "Crazy Day, or The Marriage of Figaro", without finishing the last scene, the cult Soviet actor Andrei Mironov fainted on the stage. Without regaining consciousness, he died of a cerebral hemorrhage on August 16, 1987, died at the age of 47.
Farewell photo for memory (Ogonyok magazine, 1987):
19. The host of the TV show "What Where When" V. Voroshilov (right) was a kind of star of the TV screen in 1987. Photo by Igor Zotin (TASS photo chronicle):
20. Everyday life people also began to change. Muscovites with the first issue of Burda fashionable magazine in Russian. Alexander Makarov, RIA Novosti, 1987:
21. At the presentation of the first issue of the magazine "Burda" in Russian in Moscow. Igor Gavrilov, "Ogonyok", 1987:
22. But still it was still the same, Soviet life... Peaceful, calm and orderly. OBKhSS still tried to fight against “ negative phenomena in the sphere of Soviet trade ":
23. The police tried to fight domestic drunkenness as part of the Gorbachev anti-alcohol campaign. Staged photo "Patrol", 1987:
24. There were already problems with alcohol in 1987, and there was still quite enough food. At least in Moscow. The children were certainly not starving. Lunch at one of the Moscow schools, 1987:
25. Children's entertainment in 1987:
In the same year, we had an electronic game in which a wolf with a basket ran and caught eggs. My record was, I think, 956 out of 1000. My heart just jumped out of my chest.
26. Apart from a few slogans of perestroika, the same language of official newspapers, the same banners, portraits, the ritual of the holidays contrasted sharply with the new trends. It seemed that this would never change.
Moscow. The family poses against the background of a poster with Lenin, 1987:
27. The elderly and very old leaders also looked from the stands at the columns of workers. Celebrating the 70th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. F. Castro and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Gromyko. Yuri Abramochkin, RIA Novosti, 1987:
28. Costume parade in honor of the 70th anniversary of VOSR:
29. Soviet military power was still strong. Soviet heavy aircraft carrying cruiser "Kiev" somewhere in the Atlantic, 1987:
30. Deck fighter Yak-38 aboard the heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser "Kiev", D. Getmanenko, TASS, 1987:
31. Solar photovoltaic station... The Karakum Desert. Turkmen SSR. Yuri Zaritovsky, 1987:
32. In 1987, the production of the VAZ-2109 began. The family of vases 2108, 2109, 21099 received the nickname "chisel".
33. At the same time, the ZAZ-1102 "Tavria" entered the conveyor, which will hold on to it right up to 2007:
34. And the GAZ-3105 "Volga" of 1987 remained a concept:
35. BelAZ car with a carrying capacity of 180 tons 1987:
The fate of the Soviet economy has been meted out for the last 5 years. Somewhere in the backyards of 1987 huddled unknown emeneses, black marketeers and Komsomol organizers, who were soon to become the new masters of the country and take over its untold riches.
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About 1.2 million years ago, ape began to use stone tools for their needs, and voila - the first people appeared. And then, as they say, off we go. According to the data of science, you and I appeared as a result of an evolutionary process about 200 thousand years ago, improving more and more with each new millennium. But were the ancient people really so different from you and me? If you are curious to know the answer to this question, just read our article.
site brings to your attention facts confirming that the life of ancient people was rather boring.
1. A seal made 13 thousand years ago
Primitive people also used the services of dentists. Interestingly, they also trembled in front of the "cabinet"? The discovery was made in the mountains of Tuscany, where scientists found ancient teeth with fillings and obvious traces of medical intervention. The filling, by the way, was made of natural resin (which is understandable), plant fibers (not very clear), and hair (completely incomprehensible).
2. Banned incest
Our ancestors probably survived because they understood the danger of incest. Such conclusions were reached by scientists who discovered and studied the site of ancient people in Russia ( Vladimir region). After analyzing the DNA of all members of the tribe, experts found that their family ties were very limited, that is, married couples were created only with members of other tribes.
3. Writing originated about 30 thousand years ago?
The ancient painting on the walls of the Lascaux and Chauvet caves is about 30 thousand years old, but it is most interesting because next to the images there are specific signs that may be samples of primitive writing. Scientists have expressed various hypotheses in an attempt to find out what our ancestors had in mind when they applied mysterious symbols, but they never came to any specific conclusion.
4. About 10-15 thousand years ago, man tamed the wolf
The first companion of man was the wolf, "nailed" to him in the Stone Age (10-15 thousand years ago). Geneticists found that wolves were first domesticated by humans in South Asia. From tamed wolves and possibly jackals, the domestic dog originated.
5. About 40 thousand years ago, people played the flute
Of course, people arranged ritual dances to drums much earlier, but it was the playing of the flute, one of the most ancient musical instruments, that originated about 40 thousand years ago. This is confirmed by a find made in one of the caves in the south-west of modern Germany: experts discovered the oldest flute with 5 round holes and V-shaped cuts, and even now it can be played on.
6. A tribe of about 200 people crossed the Red Sea 70 thousand years ago
Archaeologists and geneticists conducted a joint study and found that the origin of modern Homo sapiens (that is, us) originates from one small group of people. These brave discoverers managed to cross the Red Sea during a sharp climate change about 90-70 thousand years ago, which affected the territory of modern Europe, Asia, Northern and South America and Australia. That's it.
7. A blue-eyed swarthy man who lived 7 thousand years ago challenges science
Until today, scientists were convinced that initially a dark and brown-eyed person began to change his appearance from skin color (from darker to lighter), followed by a change in eye color (the same), but found in northwestern Spain the perfectly preserved remains of a man who received the code name La Brana 1 turn the established theory upside down. After all, it turns out that the blue color of a person's eyes appeared before his skin lightened.
I wonder how many more discoveries are in store for us? Science does not stand still, and what we learn tomorrow can completely change our life. But, as they say, wait and see.
The photo was taken in Zelenograd near Moscow about 30 years ago. "We will not trade Perestroika for a sack of sand, for salt and vodka!" - reads beautifully, as they would say now, a creatively done stretch. And behind the demonstrators, the slogan of the previous Brezhnev era can be seen on the walls of the houses: “Glory to the great to the Soviet people- the builder of communism! " Then vodka first disappeared from free sale - in view of the anti-alcohol campaign launched by Gorbachev. Then sugar suddenly disappeared - Mikhail Sergeyevich, in one of his speeches, confidentially explained this by the fact that moonshiners are driving Pervach from sugar. Then the soap disappeared - on the anti-communist wave there was a joke that "the Communist Party of the Soviet Union is being laundered." And then everything began to disappear from the shelves - this was the result of the introduction of the notorious "market methods of management" into socialism.
And at the perestroika rally, supporters of changes, already a little dejected by what was happening, decided to proclaim that Perestroika for them is still more important than all store losses. Eh ... Now, with the bitter experience acquired by the afterthought, many of those contemporaries of those events and even, perhaps, the participants of that demonstration would gladly agree to change Perestroika not only for a sack of granulated sugar and vodka, but also for much less valuable things. For example, on a dead donkey's ears or last year's snow - they would have given Perestroika for them with joy and thanked for a long time, and, perhaps, they would have paid in addition ..
Zelenograd was generally at the forefront of inventing a variety of creative slogans in those years. For example, by the end of 1989, when the authority of Mikhail Sergeevich among the people was greatly shaken, this city amazed everyone with such a stretch: "The perestroika started by Yu. V. Andropov is being continued by Gdlyan and Ivanov!" The slogan, as it were, “stepped over” the acting general secretary, and called for the continuation of “Perestroika” over his head and independently of him. How did it, in general, ultimately come out ...
But in our time, of course, all these slogans are most striking in their amazing lack of understanding of what is happening and the place that was assigned to the protesters in it. Here is another vivid example of this misunderstanding: On August 20, 1991, the newspaper Vecherny Leningrad published poems by Mikhail Dudin:
Now we have, by all indications,
It's time for the pinochet ...
People! You don't know fear.
Let the pinochet rush -
Don't let me go to bloody Karabakh
Push your Fatherland!
In the same issue of the newspaper, the actions of the GKChP were called "a right-wing (sic!) Coup, a reactionary putsch." However, the phrase “rightist coup” was just a quote from Yeltsin’s decree ... I don’t know if it’s necessary now to explain the obvious - that Yeltsin’s victory was precisely “a rightist coup, a reactionary coup,” and Boris Nikolayevich himself was, especially in October 1993, something similar to the domestic Pinochet (by the way, his own supporters proudly compared him with General Augusto in the 90s). And later it was the pro-Yeltsin party, not the anti-Yeltsin party, that called itself the "Union of Right (!) Forces".
In general, the historical "Cromwell's law" worked again and again, perfectly formulated in the early USSR by the former cadet, Kolchak, and then the leader of the Soviet "Smenovekhovites" Nikolai Ustryalov. He noted that the figures French revolution knew perfectly well how it ended English revolution- autocracy of Cromwell and then the restoration of the overthrown royal dynasty... And they were very afraid of this, and wanted to avoid it. How, then, did Napoleon Bonaparte, the French counterpart of Cromwell, manage to gain a foothold in power? Very simply: he convinced the French that he was not Cromwell at all, God forbid, but quite the opposite: the man who was called upon to save France and the revolution from the coming of Cromwell. How simple, isn't it?
So Boris Nikolayevich came to power as a fighter against the "right" and an opponent of the "Pinochet". And there is no need to talk about “bloody Karabakh”, that is, a field of continuous interethnic conflicts (Moldova, Tajikistan, Chechnya, Georgia, Ukraine ...) to which the former USSR turned.
But the question is: have we, the inhabitants the former USSR, at least something smarter and more insightful over the past three decades since those days? Alas, they did not ... Otherwise, regular right-wing reactionary (without quotation marks!) Coups d'état all over the former USSR under the slogans ... of the fight against dictatorships, corruption, oligarchs, censorship and poverty could not have taken place over and over again. That is, exactly to all that these coups are systematically and planted ... Russia-1993, Ukraine-2004, Georgia-2004, Ukraine-2014, Armenia-2018 ... And the end and the edge of these right-wing reactionary (sic!) Coups is not in sight yet ...
* Extremist and terrorist organizations banned in Russian Federation: Jehovah's Witnesses, National Bolshevik Party, Right Sector, Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), Islamic State (IS, ISIS, Daesh), Jabhat Fath ash-Sham, Jabhat al-Nusra ”,“ Al-Qaeda ”,“ UNA-UNSO ”,“ Taliban ”,“ Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people ”,“ Misanthropic Division ”,“ Brotherhood ”of Korchinsky,“ Trident im. Stepan Bandera "," Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists "(OUN)
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