Where will the high-speed railway pass. In the Vladimir region, houses will be demolished on the way

Massive project moved one step further

The Glavgosexpertiza of Russia has approved the project for the construction of a section of the Moscow-Kazan-Yekaterinburg high-speed highway from the capital to the city of Vladimir. A message about this yesterday appeared on the official website of the institution. The experts studied the project documentation and came to the conclusion that it complies with all regulations, and the cost estimate is not overstated.

The Vladimir and Moscow segments of the HSR, 172 km long, are assigned to stages No. 3 and No. 4. As part of the third stage, preparatory work will be carried out on this section of the highway, and then, at the fourth stage, the construction of the branch itself, overpasses and stations will begin. Four stations for high-speed trains are planned in our region - in Petushki, Vladimir, Kovrov and Gorokhovets, but only the first two will be built at this stage of the project. Stations will also appear in Orekhovo-Zuyevo and Noginsk.

According to the Glavgosexpertiza website, the station complex in Petushki will occupy an area of ​​81 hectares and will be designed for 200 passengers. In Vladimir, only 66 hectares are allocated for the facility, but it will already be able to accommodate 1,800 people.

As for overpasses and traffic interchanges, according to the project, the construction of the following related facilities is provided:

- in the Petushinsky district - two overpasses, as well as an overpass across the river. Shitka, bridges over the river. Kirzhach, Black, Tanka, etc.;

- in the Sobinsky district - railway overpasses on the Nazarovo-Stukovo highway and on the R-57 - M-7 highway (Kolchugino-Vladimir);

- in Vladimir - a road overpass on the Mosino-Volosovo highway. Later, a railway overpass will also be built near Vladimir at the intersection with the Bogolyubovo-Vtorovo highway.

In total, in the 33rd region, 25,688 hectares of forest will be cut down for the sake of high-speed lines (98 Druzhba parks in terms of area), 200 bridges, 20 overpasses, 10 viaducts, 7 fur ducts and dozens of cattle drives will be built. The total length of the regional section will be 247 km, along the territory of Vladimir - 5 km. Citizens will be able to get to the capital in an hour. Designers estimate that high-speed trains will carry 5.1 million people a year and run 40 times a day in each direction.

HSR station in Vladimir

Recall that last year the projects of four HSR stations in region-33 were considered at the town planning council in the White House. However, the officials did not like the submitted sketches, and they were sent for revision. In particular, it was noted that access roads had not been worked out, a sufficient number of parking spaces had not been provided, and appearance objects did not fit into the surrounding landscape.

And the Vladimir authorities have already begun to prepare for the construction of a high-speed highway and even ordered a new version of the general plan, in which the development of the city will be adjusted taking into account this object.

"BUSINESS Online" weighed the pros and cons of all four routing options - northern, southern and two intracity

In mid-July, public hearings will be held in Tatarstan on the impact of high-speed lines on environment. "BUSINESS Online" found out what the authorities and designers came to in an agonizing search for a compromise between the interests of the budget, future passengers, local residents, the Lebyazhye forest park and even the Observatory. Engelhardt.

VSM IN TATARSTAN: FOUR OPTIONS ARE AT STAKE

Trying to analyze all currently available options for the passage of high-speed lines through the territory of Tatarstan, "BUSINESS Online" was faced with the fact that there is very little information on this subject, it is fragmented and therefore difficult to access for society. And none of the officials, to put it mildly, is eager to comment on the processes taking place between the federal "high-speed highways", the Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Gorky Railway.

In part, such closeness, as is often the case, is due to intense internal discussions - disputes over how to lay the track have been going on for three years. Meanwhile, the deadlines are running out: the route itself is scheduled to be put into operation by December 2020, and in March the Minister of Transport of the Russian Federation Maxim Sokolov that the bulk of the design work should be completed by the end of summer 2016. Vice President of Russian Railways Alexander Misharin last week he announced that the project of the first section of the route (to Nizhny Novgorod) would be sent for state expertise right now - in July.

As for the Kazan section, all the cards will be finally laid out on the table during public hearings on the assessment of the impact of the high-speed line on the environment. According to our information, the customer of the project, OAO High-Speed ​​Lines, scheduled them for mid-July. There is no doubt that the discussion will be difficult. Recently, the topic, at the suggestion of Tatarstan environmental activists, was updated by the Human Rights Council under the President of the Russian Federation, which recently laid the high-speed Moscow-Kazan highway in the republic, bypassing the Lebyazhye forest, having considered alternative construction options.

In March, the Minister of Transport of the Russian Federation Maxim Sokolov announced that the main part of the work on the design of high-speed lines should be completed by the end of summer 2016. Photo: kremlin.ru

The newspaper "BUSINESS Online" studied all the projects and found that in fact different variants traces were born and died more than once, residents raised their voices, and the project was corrected both in terms of the route and technically. The key question for the republic is how the high-speed highway will be tied to Kazan. The totality of the discussed ideas can be reduced to four options - southern, northern, as well as two inner-city ones - the original and the corrected one.

Looking ahead, we will say that there is no ideal among them: each will affect someone's interests and require deforestation - to a greater or lesser extent. The question is which project is the least traumatic and at the same time the most beneficial for society as a whole.

SOUTHERN OPTION: GARDENERS SKIN

The southern route involves the placement of the HSR station in the area of ​​the Kazan airport. This is the main plus of the project: gathering the main transport hubs of the republic in one "fist" with the possibility of separating passenger and freight traffic flows. Coming from Chuvashia, trains in this case must pass through the Verkhneuslonsky and Laishevsky regions of the Republic of Tatarstan, which, of course, will require the construction of a new bridge across the Volga. Another argument in favor is that according to the approved master plan, the main development of the city is planned in a southerly direction. Plus, this is where the new business center "Smart City" will someday appear.

The southern route involves the passage of high-speed lines through Verkhneuslonsky and Laishevsky districtsClick to enlarge

In the case of the implementation of the southern version of the route, protected forests do not fall under the batch, which is also very important. However, there are still a lot of green areas along the way; large-scale clearings are indispensable here. And since the highway will pass through the lands of the Verkhneuslonsky district, Zeleniy Bor and Peschaniye Kovals - the favorite places for recreation of Kazan citizens - this is a sharp knife not only for local residents, but also for countless summer residents.

Other disadvantages of the project: the inconsistency of the existing road network with new needs, the “floating” soils of the right bank, the lengthening of the route, the inevitable increase in the cost of the project and the increase in its implementation time due to the construction of a multi-kilometer bridge across the Volga, the need to build the entire railway infrastructure from scratch. And, perhaps, the most important thing is the remoteness of the new station from Kazan.

The republic will have to build new roads at its own expense, bleeding the construction and repair of roads in all other regions - there will be no more money. New public transport routes from different points of Kazan will also be needed. Taking into account the schedule of its movement and the inevitable traffic jams, the road from Kirovsky, Aviastroitelny districts to the station can take more than two hours! But Russian Railways, we recall, promises: to ride the train from Kazan to Moscow with a breeze along new road can be done in 3.5 hours. It turns out that it will take almost as long to get to the station from Kazan as to go from the third capital to the first. That is, all the advantages of a high-speed highway will be minimized. With the same success, you can fly by plane.

That is, in the case of the southern route of the high-speed line, the republic receives a full bouquet of construction-related costs - with an unobvious gain for residents and the economy.

Apparently, that is why they quickly decided to abandon the southern option, without even bringing it up for public discussion.

NORTHERN OPTION: SORRY, ZELENODOLSKY FOREST, HELLO, BIRYULI!

The northern option is perhaps the only one that is now much talked about in the public space. This is explained high activity its author is an economist and blogger Tahira Davletshina, which promotes its vision in a variety of venues. According to this option, the road passes through the forests of the Zelenodolsk region, along the border of the Raifa Reserve, and the station is being built behind the M7 highway, north of the Dry River village.

“In our project, nothing is destroyed, nothing is demolished, all the money goes to construction!” - says the author of the northern project Takhir Davletshin / Photo: BUSINESS Online archive

The author himself speaks best about the advantages of the project: “I have been offering a Kazan railway bypass since 2002. I don’t even have a detour - I get a straight road. Here in other cities, if you bypass the city, there are some problems, the lengthening of the route, a lot of infrastructural problems, but in our project there is nothing like that. What we call “bypass”, we have a direct path.”

Recall that for this it will be necessary to build about 50 km of the railway to the north of the M7 highway from the village of Krasny Yar, which is 7 km from Zelenodolsk, to the Biryuli junction (Vysokogorsky district), as well as a new station and metro to it.

“Thus, the Zelenodolsk highway does not intersect, the M7 does not intersect, there is no entry into the city, we do not saw Lebyazhye! My option with the construction of 52 kilometers of a bypass railway and 6.5 kilometers of the metro from the Aviastroitelnaya station to M7, where the station will be, costs only 135 billion rubles in 2016 prices. In our project, nothing is destroyed, nothing is demolished, all the money goes to construction!” Davletshin says.

It is important to note that this tracing option is the shortest. Its total length is 65.8 km, while the length of the intracity project is 71.2 km, and the Southern one is 82.4 km. In addition, the author considers the possibility of rational use of the urban territory freed from the railway infrastructure to the advantages of the northern option. If it is improved, new points of growth will appear in the city.

“The peculiarity of the project is that it does not involve new costs that are not provided for in other city programs,” Davletshin emphasizes. - The construction of the subway (and this is the most capital-intensive) is already necessary, as well as highways. The cost of the ground ring is already in mind. According to the program for the development of the transport system of Tatarstan, it is planned to spend 20 billion on the organization of the ring railway passenger traffic! This money should be directed to the implementation of the bypass road project, and the surface metro project should be implemented on the basis of public-private partnership. As soon as the decision on a bypass road is made, the areas around the ring will become investment-attractive, and surface metro stops and transfer hubs should be built mainly with the money of investors.”

In the northern version, the high-speed line goes through the Zelenodolsky district, and the station is being built outside the city, behind the M7 highwayClick to enlarge

Now for the cons. The main one is related to the remoteness of the new railway station from the city (by private car, without traffic jams, the travel time will be about 50 minutes, public transport, of course, is not available today). The consequences are comparable to the disadvantages of the southern option, only now the inhabitants of the Volga and Soviet districts. In the opinion of the developers of the project for planning and surveying the HSR-2 of the Institute of the State Unitary Enterprise "NIiPI of the General Plan of Moscow", the train occupancy in this case will be halved.

The construction of the station and the construction of access roads, not to mention the laying of communications actually in an open field outside the city, will require huge funds, because there is no transport and engineering infrastructure on the territory proposed for the placement of high-speed lines.

Moreover, the only road (not counting the bypass around Kazan) to the village of Dry River goes through the Aviastroitelny district, gradually narrowing to two, and then to one lane in both directions. And there is practically nowhere to expand - there is a very dense building on all sides. But already at the stage of construction of such a large hub, one can predict a sharp increase in traffic on this road: equipment, building materials will go, thousands of workers will run daily. The movement will stop. So if a decision is made to move along the northern option, this problem will need to be solved, demolitions and related scandals still cannot be avoided. There will also be a need to provide residents of different areas of the city public transport to a new station with high mileage and low passenger load.

The proposal to build two or three new metro stations behind Aviastroitelnaya, on the territory, in fact, of the private sector, looks like a rather unusual urban planning decision. Especially against the background of the fact that the federal center since the moment of perestroika has ceased to give money for the construction of the subway in the Russian regions. Kazan, with its brand new line, is, in fact, the only exception, as the general director of Kazmetrostroy Marat Rakhimov in an interview with our newspaper. As part of the financing of the high-speed railway, the creation of city roads, especially the metro, for the delivery of passengers to the station is not taken into account, and it is very difficult for Tatarstan to build the second branch at its own expense, the design of which is now being carried out on behalf of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan. Surface metro (that is, in fact, a tram) is cheaper, but it is unlikely that it will solve the problem of delivering passengers from all over the city just as effectively.

The bet is on investors, public-private partnerships and fast development territory looks somewhat utopian. The fact is that the northern part of the city is already built up, new development of the territories is not planned due to urban planning restrictions, such as security zones gas, ethane and ethylene pipelines, as well as restrictions due to the runway of the KAPO airfield. Gorbunov.

The proposed option of moving the railway outside Kazan will also affect the work of a number of the city's largest industrial enterprises (the largest taxpayers). This will affect, first of all, the factories of the military-industrial complex, which receive goods and ship finished products by rail. The northern option may simply block their work, and the liquidation of the Yudino marshalling yard will lead to the fact that residents in the village will be left without work.

As for the environmental component, protected areas will not be affected, which is certainly a huge plus. However, all construction in the Zelenodolsky district will take place on the forest territory or on the lands of the owners, in addition, the village of Krasnooktyabrsky forestry falls into the corridor of the highway, so the chips will still fly, and how. Unfortunately, the exact length of the high-speed railway, which in this case will fall on the forest zone, was not found out by BUSINESS Online, but if you look at the diagram, it is clear that few people will find it. The lion's share of these 50 km, it seems, will pass through forest areas. Oddly enough, the lack of a protected status here is more of a minus than a plus: in an ordinary forest, for example, no one will build an overpass, and in the case of a land-based highway, roadside clearing is doubled. According to the scheme, the highway will go right up to Raifa, and in the area of ​​the Kazanka crossing - close to the Blue Lakes.

A transcript of one of the meetings on high-speed rail lines and the organization of roundabouts is circulating on the Internet: First Deputy Head of the Zelenodolsk District Executive Committee Ilnar Gafiyatullin on it he said: “I see, on whose lands it is planned to pass this route. Have you calculated how much the withdrawal of land plots, the payment of compensation, the construction itself will cost? And then, will it pay off at all? It seems to me that the payback period here is somewhere under 300 years. Best case scenario".

Last fall, at the suggestion of the author of the project, everyone was waiting for its discussion with the participation of representatives of the Gorky Railway, who considered the idea of ​​the project to be very interesting, promising and deserving of implementation at the stage of 2020-2030. However, this meeting either did not take place, or it did not go so smoothly, but after it, for some reason, there was no news about the support of the northern option by Russian Railways.

The experts considered the best intracity option to pass along the existing railway line and build an overpass through the forest zone of LebyazhyeClick to enlarge

INTERCITY OPTIONS: FLASHBOARD OVER LEBYAZHIY AND HIGH-SPEED TRAINS ON VOROVSKOGO STREET

According to BUSINESS Online, this option is recognized by the experts of the Ministry of Transport as the lesser evil. Nevertheless, over the past three years, it has undergone quite serious changes. The only thing that remained unchanged in it was that high-speed trains would go through the Vosstanie-Passenger station and further along the technical zone, the empty land of the former tram depot in the corridor of the existing railway. The fact is that even according to the old general plan in the city, territories were reserved for the development of track facilities almost along the entire length of the intracity routes. Therefore, there are neither residential buildings requiring demolition nor capital facilities along this entire stretch. Before the “dacha amnesty”, even two dozen garden plots located under the railway were leased.

The arrival of a high-speed highway to the city at the existing railway station (and the Vosstanie-Passenger station was built as a large transport interchange hub, combined with a bus station and a metro station), is certainly the most convenient option for Kazan citizens. In this case, there is no need to go somewhere far outside the city, I took the metro - and here is the VSM station for you. In addition, experts say that in this case, the HSR will give impetus to the development and improvement of the now “sleeping” industrial zones, and a new business center of Kazan will appear in the area of ​​​​the existing station complex.

It is planned that the area between the Kazan-2 transport hub and Sotsgorod, including the area of ​​the closed tram depot, will take on a new life as an area for transit passengers and high-speed rail service. It is interesting that the sanitary zone for a conventional railway is 100 m, and for high-speed lines it is 50 m, provided that noise screens are installed. So the high-speed line, it turns out, fits perfectly into the existing railway corridor.

As BUSINESS Online found out, the design institute of JSC TomGiprotrans, when considering three options for the high-speed line route, the route route option with the passage through the territory of Kazan through the Kazan-2 station was determined as the most economical.

Comfort for people and cost-effectiveness in implementation are really the main advantages of the intracity option for the location of high-speed lines. In addition, according to experts from the NIiPI General Plan of Moscow, in this case, only minimal additional capital costs will be required for the reconstruction of the existing station complex compared to the potential costs required for the construction of a new complex with accompanying railway infrastructure.

But, like every project, this one has its serious drawbacks. Recall that in 2013 the highway, which should pass through the city, was presented in two versions. According to the first, it was proposed to lay the highway through the villages. These are Krasnaya Gorka, Kuzemetyevo, Yudino, Zaimishche, Observatory, Oktyabrsky, Safonovo, Aisha and 9 other gardening associations on the banks of the Volga, etc. This project was as environmentally friendly as possible.

According to the source of BUSINESS Online, who participated in the discussion of the project, the Kazansky federal university. “KFU does not agree with the passage of the high-speed line along this path, since on this territory, in the Zelenodolsky district, there is an observatory named after Engelhardt, where expensive equipment is located, the readings of which will be distorted due to the influence of this option of passing the high-speed line,” explained the source of “BUSINESS Online ".

Concern confirmed Yuri Nefediev, director of the observatory. “Kazan University has raised a number of questions about equipment safety, but so far we have not received any answer. Issues were discussed, designers came, - he said. - If the road passes along the southern border of the astronomical observatory, then it is necessary to protect high-precision equipment from high-frequency vibrations. If they put up a protective wall, install security systems that will exclude this impact, then please.” According to him, if the HSR passes under the mountain, where the tracks already exist, then it is far enough: the observatory is located on the mountain. But he has no information about what the designers are leaning towards.

KFU does not agree with the passage of the route through the villages, since in this territory, in the Zelenodolsky district, there is an observatory named after. Engelhardt / Photo: BUSINESS Online archive

In addition, a total of 400 properties fell under demolition in this routing option. And at public hearings organized by the Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Tatarstan, people immediately stood up to protect their property, not even wanting to consider resettlement in theory. The "danger zone" included both multi-storey and individual residential buildings, as well as plots in garden societies. Activists of the letter to the leadership of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Russian Federation, went to rallies, demanding that they refuse to lay the route through their houses. According to their calculations, this option affected the interests of 20 thousand people, 60% of whom have capital houses and live in them all year round. According to representatives of the initiative groups, they defended the interests of 4.5 thousand houses. “The officials preparing this project are ready to provide for even gopher pipelines across the highway, and the interests of the population, in our opinion, do not interest them at all,” says a letter sent to the President of Tatarstan, signed by more than 3 thousand people. People were horrified by the Sochi "unceremonious" scenario of land withdrawal for federal needs, when the owners were not asked for any consent.

The authorities heard the people. And the President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov approved in 2014 Alternative option tracing. It excludes travel in places of active life of settlements, the demolition of real estate in the settlements of Yudino and Belyaevsky. The interests of the observatory are also taken into account. Another variant of intracity tracing was also rejected - with a detour of the village of Zalesnoy, which also involved the demolition of residential buildings. It would seem that the opinion of people is taken into account - this is another plus.

But its reverse side turned out to be that this version of the route affects the Lebyazhye forest park, which since 1996 has been given the status of a specially protected natural area of ​​local importance. Oddly enough, now, according to officials, the modes of use of protected areas allow the construction of transport facilities, including high-speed lines.

The arrival of the high-speed railway in the city at the Kazan-2 station is certainly the most convenient option (pictured is Vice-President of Russian Railways Alexander Misharin and Prime Minister of the Republic of Tatarstan Ildar Khalikov at the opening of the Moscow-Kazan High-Speed ​​Railway Center at Kazan-2) Photo: prav.tatarstan.ru

True, back in 2014, the Ministry of Transport promised that the impact on the forest would be minimal. But what does minimal mean if the VSM has its own sanitary zone, which involves cutting down trees? In a specially protected area? The route was corrected taking into account the comments of the Ministry of Forestry and the Ministry of Ecology, the position of the city authorities. We agreed that neither the lakes beloved by Kazan citizens, nor the traditional places of rest of the townspeople will be affected.

As far as BUSINESS Online was able to find out, no one has yet seen a finished project in Kazan. However, it is known that it is being developed in such a way that high-speed trains to the Vosstanie-Passenger station go through the Lebyazhye forest park zone in the right of way of the existing railway. The only exception will be one segment, which will have to be “rounded” a little, otherwise the high-speed train will not be able to turn around there.

Deputy Minister of Transport of the Republic of Tatarstan Insaf Khairullin reported that part of the high-speed railway would pass through the forest and, in order to avoid cutting down trees, an overpass would most likely be built. This “most likely” also did not seem very convincing, and the discussion of the project continued. And only recently, according to BUSINESS Online, the customer of the project agreed that, although it is more expensive, where there is no railway embankment, the high-speed line will be laid along a specially protected area along an elevated overpass. There will also be a new highway. This will make it possible to halve, to 35 hectares, the estimated area of ​​tree felling compared to the construction of an overland road, and preserve animal migration routes. It's about that only bearing supports and a narrow technical road will remain below, necessary for the maintenance of the highway. In total, about 7 km of high-speed lines can pass through the territory of Lebyazhye.

"ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS ARE CONSIDERED WITH ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS"

The press service of the Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Tatarstan notes that so far the tracing option under consideration (through the territory of the Lebyazhye forest park) has the minimum possible impact on nature and people's housing. “The approved tracing option does not violate the migration routes of animals and does not pose a threat to the integrity of the forest area and its fire-fighting device,” the press service emphasized. As for the recommendations of the Human Rights Council to move the high-speed railway bypassing the Lebyazhye, they were not received and they were recommended to contact the federal customer - High-Speed ​​Railroads OJSC.

In Expressways, BUSINESS Online made it clear that there is no final version yet. The boundaries of the land plot for the placement of the HSR infrastructure and the position of the route will be determined after the approval of the planning and surveying projects by the Ministry of Construction of Russia. "In the course of design work alternative options for passing the route are being considered with a feasibility study for each option, including taking into account environmental restrictions, ”says the response received by the editorial office on behalf of the first deputy general director of the company Fyodor Lychagin.

An alternative tracing option affects the Lebyazhye forest park, which has been granted the status of a specially protected natural area since 1996 / Photo: BUSINESS Online archive

THE BEST FOR NATURE WILL BE ARRIVAL OF HSL THROUGH THE BRIDGE TO THE AIRPORT

Environmental activists unanimously propose to return to the southern version, connected with the airport, as an alternative to laying high-speed lines through the territory of protected areas.

This point of view is shared, in particular, by the public ecologist and journalist known for her struggle against filling the Volga. Yulia Fayzrakhmanova: "Tracking through Lebyazhye and along the banks of the Volga is a crime that violates most of the regulations from modern points of view on maintaining a green frame in the system of large million-plus cities."

It indicates that during the construction of the high-speed line, they will cut not only for the track itself - there are whole complex activities related to construction: cutting technological pockets, laying a road for maintenance. Lebyazhye is already experiencing a recreational load, and together with the HSR, its growth will reach critical level the forest will begin to die.

“Therefore, I believe that any positive option is a trace through the airport. You can’t stop at the proposed options for laying high-speed lines through Lebyazhye or along the Volga bank, ”concludes the activist.

The head of the Tatarstan branch of the socio-ecological union (SES) also agrees with her. Sergey Mukhachev, according to which all proposed options have disadvantages. “They either affect people's homes or pass through the city, creating movement problems, effectively tearing the city in half. Or they pass through valuable natural lands, through the Lebyazhye forest park, and so on, Mukhachev notes. - All these options provide for the arrival of trains in Kazan, at the station with a speed of movement within the city of no more than 80 kilometers per hour. Thus, there will be a loss of time, the gain from this is small.

He considers the disadvantages of the southern option described above, related to the fact that the savings of passengers' time are being eaten up, are exaggerated: him and the river port, - says Mukhachev. “Thus, the logistics are better, including for cargo. Now what to do with passenger trains? Part of the transit can pass along the same road. Those who go far and who need to hurry, save time. And after the reconstruction, the trains of the Kazan formation should be put on the usual road. The track at the airport turns to the north-east and, bypassing Kazan on the right side, connects with the already existing railway in the Arsk region. There are no problems with the connection of these two roads.”

Rustam Nigmatullin: “HSR design is a complex engineering task. Say, why am I with both hands for an elevated overpass? This will save not only forests, but also, most importantly, people's lives" / Photo: BUSINESS Online archive

“THE FIRST VERSION WAS DIRECTLY THROUGH THE LAKES AND RECREATION AREAS. EVERYONE REVOLVED AGAINST THIS PROJECT"

A detailed commentary on the problem of HSR tracing was given by "BUSINESS Online" and Rustam Nigmatullin- First Vice Mayor of Kazan:

— Indeed, during this time, many possible projects for tracing the high-speed lines were discussed. I remember that the first option that we were shown went from Zelenodolsk to Kazan parallel to the Gorky Highway. Right across the lakes and recreation areas of the townspeople! Tatyana Prokofieva, the chief architect of Kazan, fought furiously against this project, and she was not alone, and this option, fortunately, was quickly abandoned.

The option with the passage of the high-speed line along the Volga coastline, which provides for the demolition of residential buildings, and today, from time to time, someone calls the most correct solution. Like, no big deal! The dissatisfied residents would have received their compensation and rebuilt, but the protected natural area suffered much less: “We shouldn’t have followed their lead.” But I was a witness to these events, I saw these people. You know, it's not just about the economy. What payments, what money can compensate for the loss of a beloved home, garden, where some important life events are associated with every tree, every bush? How to repeat the tree that the father planted, seeing off his son to the army?

Hundreds of families would be traumatized. Let's put ourselves in their shoes. Does society have the right to demand this sacrifice from them? Therefore, it seems to me that the president of the republic made the right decision to look for an alternative option.

You can talk for a long time about how many peaks broke for each possible tracing project. For example, several meetings with representatives of the Ministry of Transport were devoted to the discussion of the northern option, which provides for the removal of all freight and passenger traffic bypassing the city. Two branches of Russian Railways are not going to serve. Not to mention the fact that this option involves the construction of three or four metro stations in a practically deserted zone (and the price of each is about 7 billion rubles, this does not take into account the laying of tunnels, because here it is necessary to add all utilities). But after all, we must think: how then will we support all this deeply unprofitable economy under these conditions?

And even this is not the most important thing. The main issue is the transfer of the grandiose economy of the Yudinskaya marshalling yard, which is roughly estimated at 100 billion rubles! Here is the asking price. In addition, this is a huge industrial facility, the main place of employment for local residents. Who will find them new job? On what roads and at whose expense will they have to travel to the Vysokogorsky district? But it is there that it is planned to build a new railway station and a marshalling yard.

HSR design is a complex engineering task. Say, why am I with both hands for an elevated overpass? This will save not only forests, but, most importantly, people's lives. Here in Russia, suburbanites are accustomed to running across in front of a train looming ahead - it’s still far away, otherwise it’s such a long wait! Nobody understands that HSR is a different level of technology, different speeds, a completely different stopping distance. In this sense, the overpass is the preservation of lives.

The fact that Kazan will seriously benefit by getting a high-speed highway is indisputable for me. The gain here is both tactical and strategic. If you look at the short term, in a difficult time for the economy, the region receives powerful investments. All our resources will be involved in the implementation of the project, because no one will carry building materials from afar, the market will revive. Undoubtedly, the demand for construction companies will grow, hundreds of jobs will be created.

And in the medium term, this is the development of urban agglomerations, an increase in the indirect economic effect in many directions at once.

Photo: Maxim Bogodvid, RIA Novosti

SO IT WOULD NOT BE EXTREMELY PAINFUL

It is already clear that in any case, the rails grand construction centuries will pass by alive. Tatarstan is not a desert. Wherever you turn, there are either residential buildings, or forests, or lands of owners with clear business interests. Is this a reason to stop building? And is it possible to refuse a federal gift? Or will the new opportunities brought by VSM more than make up for all the losses?

Kazan is far from the first city to face these questions. Prior to this, residents of the European countries. They deliberately made sacrifices by choosing new level comfort of movement. Anyone who has ever boarded the ItaloTreno train in, say, the center of Rome to be in the center of Naples in two hours or in Milan in two and a half will agree that this is a fantastically fast, convenient and affordable way to travel.

One can argue for a long time about whether high-speed highways are needed in Russia with its vast territory and not very mobile population. Henry Ford at the end of his life he remarked: "If I asked people what they want, they would say - a horse is faster."

Russian government now he is trying on the jacket of a designer of a new reality, promising huge investments in the regions and partnership with China, which sees its own benefits in this project. For the Russian regions, high-speed rail today is, of course, an anti-crisis pill like the Universiade (new jobs, revival of related businesses, new road infrastructure at federal expense). But in order for the pluses to outweigh the minuses and the region to benefit strategically from the arrival of a high-speed highway, it is necessary to “plant” the project correctly so that later, as they say, it would not be excruciatingly painful.

And which version of the VSM trace seems better to you?

33% Yuzhny - closer to the airport and Smart City

14% Northern - in the area of ​​the Dry River and Biryulei

16% I am generally against the construction of high-speed lines

29% Through the North Station with the overpass entering the territory of Lebyazhye

8% Through the North Station with the demolition of hundreds of residential buildings

Poll voting closed

A high-speed railway line (HSR) is a specialized dedicated railway line that provides train traffic at a speed of over 250 km/h. As part of the implementation of the Program for the organization of high-speed and high-speed railway communication in Russian Federation Until 2030, 20 projects are planned to be implemented, which will make it possible to organize more than 50 high-speed routes with a total length of more than 7,000 km. The main promising HSR projects in Russia are the lines Moscow - Kazan - Yekaterinburg with the connection of Ufa and Chelyabinsk, Moscow - St. Petersburg and Moscow - Sochi.

The goal of the Program is to accelerate economic growth and improve the quality of life of the Russian population by creating a network of high-speed and high-speed rail links that provide passengers with the best balance of speed, comfort and cost of travel. The Program focuses on projects for the creation of new dedicated high-speed lines, or the reconstruction of existing tracks that provide route speeds of more than 100 km/h. The HSR is also called the regional metro, because due to its speed, high tact of movement and the availability of train stations and stations, it connects regions and makes intercity travel available, including daily ones. The construction of high-speed rail lines stimulates economic development- each ruble invested in high-speed lines gives 1.43 rubles of investments in other industries.

Implementation stages

Russia has unique prerequisites for the development of high-speed and high-speed rail communication. Since the launch of Sapsan trains between Moscow and St. Petersburg in 2009, they have transported more than 16 million people. Compared to the same period last year, 40% more passengers used the service, and the demand for high speed travel continues to be unsatisfied.

When developing the Program, an approach was used that allows minimizing public investment in projects. Costs that are nevertheless required will be carried over into the life of the project when the budgetary effects exceed the budgeted costs. In total, the increase in income of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation from the implementation of the program is estimated at 7.8 trillion. rubles in 2015 prices.

The program is divided into three stages. The first stage (2015-2020) involves the design and implementation of the first lines of high-speed highways, the most effective for the state and other project participants.

The key project of the first stage will be the construction of the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod-Kazan high-speed line, which is currently at the design stage. In parallel with this, it is planned to start implementing other large-scale projects for the development of high-speed lines, in particular, the construction of the first section of high-speed line 3 (Center - South) from Moscow to Tula. In addition to creating a high-speed connection between Moscow and Tula, it will significantly speed up communication with Orel, Kursk and Belgorod.

On the territory of the Ural test site, it is planned to implement a project for the construction of the Ekaterinburg-Chelyabinsk high-speed line. The highway will connect the two largest and rather close cities of the Urals with a high-speed railroad track. They are currently connected Railway with a complex profile and low speed. It is also proposed to modernize the existing Yekaterinburg-Nizhny Tagil railway line on the territory of the Ural test site. On the territory of the Siberian test site, it is planned to launch a high-speed communication on the Novosibirsk-Barnaul section.

At the second stage, a significant expansion of the HSR network and high-speed communication is proposed. In the period from 2020 to 2025, it is planned to implement 9 projects:

• Extension of HSR-2 from Kazan to Yelabuga station, in the zone of influence of which are big cities— Naberezhnye Chelny and Nizhnekamsk.
• Extension of the High-speed Line Center - South from Tula to Voronezh, as well as the construction of a section from Rostov-on-Don to Adler.
• Organization on the territory of the Central polygon of high-speed communication on the route Moscow - Yaroslavl. This will require the construction of a new high-speed track in the section from Pushkino to Yaroslavl, and the launch of a high-speed line in the existing profile by upgrading the infrastructure in the Moscow-Krasnoye section. It is also proposed to build a high-speed double-track highway in a new profile from Vladimir to Ivanovo on the territory of the Central Polygon.
• Design and build a high-speed highway Yekaterinburg - Tyumen on the territory of the Ural test site.
• Arrange on the territory of the Siberian training ground high-speed traffic on sections Novosibirsk - Kemerovo, Yurga - Tomsk and Kemerovo - Novokuznetsk. This includes the construction of tracks in a new profile, and the modernization of the existing infrastructure.

In the period up to 2030, the formation of the supporting framework of the network will be completed:

• The largest project at this stage will be the Moscow-Yekaterinburg high-speed line. VSM-2 will be extended from Yelabuga to Yekaterinburg.
• The construction of the Voronezh-Rostov-on-Don section will make it possible to connect the previously constructed sections of the VSM-3 Center-South into a single highway.
• A major project will be the construction of a high-speed line from HSR-2 Cheboksary - Samara, which will connect such large cities as Ulyanovsk, Samara and Tolyatti with the supporting frame of the HSR.
• A separate project will make it possible to link Stavropol and the resorts of the Black Sea coast by high-speed rail.

Eliminate bottlenecks

The implementation of high-speed and high-speed traffic projects will make a significant contribution to eliminating bottlenecks in the Russian transport system by switching part of the long-distance passenger traffic from existing lines to high-speed ones. Such a transfer will free the busy lines for the transport of goods. In addition, this will remove a number of restrictions on economic growth by increasing budget revenues and gross regional product, developing engineering, tourism and other sectors of the economy.

The implementation of high-speed rail projects will create the basis for dynamic economic growth. Such projects, along with their own efficiency, act as a catalyst for the development of industries, small and medium-sized businesses, and the development of regions.

HSR, who does not know, is a high-speed highway. Railway, on which trains will run from 200 to 400 km/h.
VSM-1 is the Moscow-Peter road. But it was postponed until better times, because Sapasn walks anyway.
All efforts will be focused on the landmark, important for the future of Russia, section of the VSL-2: Moscow-Kazan-Yekaterinburg.
See the materials for the project here and here.

Public hearings on the HSR project in Chuvashia
Public hearings are the first, but not the last. In 10 days they promise to lay out new maps, now rough, sketchy sketches are presented.
And the entire project is expected to be completed by the end of next year, and then - construction until 2018.
And a complete buzz will come - it will be possible to get to Kazan in 40 minutes, to Nizhny Novgorod - in an hour, to Moscow - in 3 hours!
Thus, everything falls into place. Each distance has its own most profitable mode of transport:
- auto - at short distances;
- high-speed railway - on average (up to 1500 km);
- air - on large ones.

A certain JSC "High-Speed ​​Lines" is engaged in the project. The project itself is being developed again by St. Petersburg Lengiprotrans.
They gave us a presentation of the project and answered a number of questions:
The designers shared with us a presentation video; ivand_cheb was the first to share it, see:
Television also worked, wait for the report:
Upd: and here is the report:
Actually, the project has long been discussed on the forum. We didn't hear anything new.
The recommended option has not changed.
The northern option would have passed between Cheboksary and Kuges. And the recommended one is just south of Kuges:
The project of passing the high-speed line in Chuvashia
More:
A station is supposed to be south of Kuges and as close as possible to the M7 highway.
True, ivand_cheb reasonably doubts whether trains will stop at our place at all. Because the amount of time Moscow-Nizhny-Kazan-Cheboksary does not converge even in the documents of the high-speed railway ...
Nevertheless, a local comrade (former Minister of Construction Vladimir Filatov) turned the conversation with "subtle hints" to the topic of how to get to the station.
The perfect New Vasyuki came out, where the New Bogdanka long designed by the Japanese (today performed by Ermolaev - Sadovy microdistrict) could now continue by monorail to the VSM station:
Bogdanka will open the way to HSR :)
However, this is all in a much more distant future than the still ghostly highway itself.
In the meantime, the obvious prospect looks something like this:
The situation on the M7 is no better, and even much worse, especially at the exit from Cheboksary to Kugesy or Lapsary.
But let's not talk about sad things.
The hearing was attended by many interested people. Including representatives of summer residents, through whose sites the recommended variant of the HSR will pass (gardening partnership "Dubrava"):
Residents are worried...
Unfortunately, there is nothing to calm them down. Anyone who has to be relocated will be compensated, probably at the cadastral value. Of course, land prices in this region will skyrocket, and the happy owner of compensation is unlikely to be able to purchase a similar plot ...
Environmentalists asked persistent questions. As atner aptly puts it, they are more interested in animals than people. Here the conversation was not very constructive.
Although yes, forests will be affected. But it seems like the designer guarantees that specially protected natural areas will not be touched.
Well, for people, the most important harmful factor is noise (for details, see the voluminous document on environmental impact assessment). At the same time, it turns out that 750m is a sufficient noise-safe distance to the road according to the standards. And if you use noise screens, then 50 meters is enough. This, by the way, will have to be done in a number of villages, and in Kugesy, where the HSR will pass almost under the windows.
The document lists problem settlements: Kivsertkasy, Sotnikovo, Arzamatovo, Kochino, Verkh.Magaz, Bol.Chigir, Bol.Knyaz-Tenyakovo, Kugesi, Shorkino, Sinyal-Churachiki, Kurmyshi, Morgaushi, Kashmashi, Torayevo, Anatkasy, Bol.Churashevo , Mal.Churashevo, Sareevo, Yadrin, Polyanki, Shinerposi:
In addition to noise, crossings under the highway will be a big problem. Of course, there can be no talk of any crossings with barriers. But interchanges are at different levels of the road. And agricultural machinery, in order to get to the second half of a field divided by a highway, will often have to go around well if a couple of kilometers ...
Look at the preliminary maps of the passage of the VSM-2 in areas close to Cheboksary (I remind those who suddenly do not know that by clicking on the photos they open in full size):
If the northern option is adopted, then the long-suffering cottage village "Valley of Good Luck" (now "Zagorskoye") would be problematic. But it seems that they were lucky - according to the recommended option, the HSR will pass much to the south:
Well, the new bridges across the Sura and the Volga necessary for the high-speed rail lines were of special interest:
After the completion of the hearings, atner specifically spoke to the designers:
I don’t know what he was talking about, I’ll tell you myself :)
In the meantime, listen to the audio recordings:
Upd: While we are waiting for the promised details of the project, atner drew a map of the entire highway.

Tags: Where, will pass, high-speed, road, Moscow, Kazan

High-speed highway Moscow Kazan Yekaterinburg presentation film

Oct 1, 2015 - Designing a High-Speed ​​Railway (HSR) Moscow... maps of how the new high-speed railway will pass through... yesterday at a press conference the head of the Gorky Railway...

Sep 17, 2015 - HSR Moscow - Kazan (line tracing). Just got home... Posts from This Journal “railroads” Tag ...

The first high-speed railway will connect Moscow and Kazan

My factory is located on the planet Vyazniki. It's somewhere in the solar system.
Maps say that from Vyazniki to the Moscow Kremlin 300 km. Outrageous, blatant lie!
Because the absolute truth is that:
The bus goes from us to Moscow 6-7 hours, two buses a day.
Fast train - 5 hours, two or three trains a day.
The world's slowest high-speed train "Sapsan" stops either in Vladimir or in Dzerzhinsk, both 100 km from us.
Express mail EMS delivers a package of documents to Moscow in 5 days.
Other express services do not have offices in Vyazniki; at best, their couriers visit us once a week.
The nearest transport companies in Nizhny Novgorod or in Vladimir.
To buy some lousy spare part for a computer or, God forbid, for a machine, you have to wait at least a week. A trip to an exhibition or some fucking seminar becomes a whole event.
Just don't tell me that all the problems are due to the geographical extent of Russia. Three hundred kilometers is not a distance even for a tiny country. And the population density is high: within a radius of 100 km there are five large cities: Nizhny, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Murom, Kovrov. And Vyazniki themselves have 40,000 inhabitants. We already have broadband Internet, digital television and e-government in every village. But we send urgent documents with the drivers of passing buses, just like in the good old days.
High-speed Kazan will not stop in Vyazniki. As before, local entrepreneurs will leave for Nizhny or Moscow as soon as possible. And the government will continue to sincerely wonder why small towns are dying.

Project for the construction of the Moscow-Kazan...

Kazan" will pass through the territory of seven subjects of the Russian... high-speed transport was realized... Kazan" high-speed railway line "Moscow -. Kazan..... highways of the general.

VSM Moscow - Kazan - Wikipedia

HSR Moscow-Kazan (high-speed railway line) ... a subsidiary of Russian Railways OJSC - High-Speed ​​Railroads OJSC. .... At the same time, 170 km of the route will pass through the range of the Moscow Railway and 600 ...‎ Project history - ‎ Design - ‎ Rolling stock - ‎ Ticket prices

I had just returned home from the Baltic States and Poland, not having time to really wake up from the trip - as right in the store I caught up with a call from the railway workers with an offer to go and see the start of work on the Moscow-Kazan high-speed line and to meet with the designers. He asked: will there be Chinese who are involved in the design, or only ours? - Yes, they will. Well, OK. It was very stupid to refuse such an opportunity, the topic is completely mine. So okay, hands to feet - and to Moscow. As a result, yesterday (16th) day I spent in the Moscow and Vladimir regions at the site of the deployment of work. At the 71st km of the future HSR (slightly north of Pavlovsky Posad), engineering surveys began - soil samples for trestle piles.

However, I will show this a little later. But there, right in the tent of "Mosgiprotrans", I ran into something more interesting - an album with a HSR trace. I was especially interested in how the highway would pass through large cities (Vladimir, Nizhny, Cheboksary), how it was supposed to cross the Volga and how it would leave Moscow and enter Kazan. And one more thing, where the high-speed railway stations will be located and what stations are supposed to be. I asked to take pictures, below is cartography from the album, 11 maps. You can see which suburban villages will be cut by the route, etc. etc.

I apologize for the quality of some maps, I shot in the field literally on my knee and quickly. I didn’t take a DSLR with me, it’s junk, so it was filmed on an operational camera (Canon soap dish). I’ll clarify right away that not everything is there, but the passages of large cities, the beginning and end of the high-speed railway. Look, be indignant, criticize :)

2. Route exit from Moscow. Part of the Kursk railway station will be reconstructed as a high-speed train terminal, but it will still be in the center of the capital, and not on the outskirts, like at Beijing South Station. But all paths are dedicated.

3. Passage of the Moscow region. The first station on the way is Noginsk, the second is Orekhovo-Zuevo.

4. (poor quality, I saw it later) The border of the regions. By the way, the Petushki-VSM station is also supposed :)

5. Vladimir will be passed to the north and the VSM station will also be far away. However, the inspirers of the construction hope that the ancient Russian city of Vladimir will receive a new impetus to development and will develop to the northeast.

6. Border of the Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod regions. Art. Gorokhovets-VSM.

7. Dzerzhinsk will also be bypassed to the north, but it is supposed to have a VSR station, see next. map.

8. The lower one, as I understand it, will be the key point of the route. It is supposed to have a depot, a transit HSR station, an interface with a regular line (so that HSR trains would go directly to the NN, and not further to Kazan, to the Moscow railway station), as well as the Aeroport station. The Oka is crossed by a bridge upstream.

9. For part of the passage of Sura, there is no exact approved route yet, and there are two options (red and blue). The choice will be made based on the results of engineering and geological surveys. Both options have their pros and cons, the red one has 1 more station.

10. Cheboksary, the route will pass in the far south, but the station is expected. As with Vladimir, the designers believe that the development of the city should go further into the gravity zone of the high-speed line.

11. Approach to Kazan.

12. And the end of the 1st stage of the high-speed line. Kazan-2 is supposed to be the terminal, to which there is already a metro.

The rest later, there is a lot of new interesting information, especially from the Chinese.

PS. The album is working, so do not focus too much on stickers and sticky mirrored letters ( for clingy kulturtragers and nerds).