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Help. An essay on the topic "Kindness is a treasure" and even with a literary example !!! and got the best answer

Response from 404 Not Found[guru]
Kindness is the best quality of a person. It helps a person to learn a lot. Without her there was no life, everyone would go sad and unhappy. Kindness she is like a fairy, brings good to the house and helps in difficult times. Many people do not know how to do good, but only evil. It's good that there is kindness in the world, I love it very much and cherish it. I want you to have it too. Kindness is the very, very best thing. And the best word. It is like a rainbow, multi-colored and kind, Have it and spread it. I wish you all well.
find a literary example

Answer from Џ [guru]
Help someone who needs help and he will remember you!
When he needs help again...

Answer from Boris the animal[guru]
Well, for example, "Crime and Punishment" .. kind Lizaveta and the old pawnbroker her sister - with a treasure under the bed .. and what a kind Sonechka Marmeladova! just a treasure.
Go ahead, girl, develop the theme.

Answer from Karina[active]
The most important quality of a person is kindness. Nowadays, finding a kind person is as difficult as finding a treasure. Probably just more expensive. Every day people become angrier, and after all, for a long time in many works of Russian writers this quality of a person was glorified, with early years children were instilled with kindness. there are a lot of examples, but I want to remember the fairy tale "Cat's House": the evil cat did not want to let the kittens in, but when grief came to her, everyone turned away from her and only good kittens let the aunt cat in and the cat became happy and they built new house, big and handsome. if not for the kindness of the kittens, each would have lived separately in a ruined house and were not happy. after all, kindness (I will steal the first answer) helps a person learn a lot. Without her there was no life, everyone would go sad and unhappy. Kindness she is like a fairy, brings good to the house and helps in difficult times. Many people do not know how to do good, but only evil. It's good that there is kindness in the world, I love it very much and cherish it. I want you to have it too. Kindness is the very, very best thing. And the best word. It is like a rainbow, multi-colored and kind, Have it and spread it. I wish you all well.

Answer from Sasha Korshunov[active]
The main reason is that he was trying to please two classes at once, the rich and the poor. Therefore, the reforms were carried out either to please one or the other. Until finally everyone got bored. Even those who put him on the throne.

Answer from Vadim Andreevich Gorbunov[newbie]
ychaapyavy\

Answer from Andrey Sovertkov[newbie]
Kindness is a sincere and bright feeling, expressed in a disinterested, kind attitude towards people and in general towards all living things in this world. Kindness will be the basis of such feelings as mercy, empathy, sympathy, and even push to heroism.

Answer from TREAT ESAUL[newbie]
kindness to you hana pnh all

Answer from Lyubov Sevastyanova[newbie]
Great

Good - the category is not particularly in demand today. The world has become cruel, and in order to survive in it, you have to accept its rules. But we ourselves have made the world so. Books about kindness and kindness will remind you why it is extremely important to remain human. Pragmatism, cynicism, ambition, desire for power and money do not make this civilization better. We must learn this ourselves and teach our children to be kind - and then we will have a chance to change the vector ...

The greatest novel of the 19th century about the fate of one man named Jean Valjean, who went from a convict who hates the entire human race to a respectable citizen who always showed truly amazing humanity and kindness to other people.

A tragic story about a prisoner sentenced to electric chair for the murder of two little girls. A huge black man, terrifying in appearance, actually turns out to be the kindest person to whom fate was not at all favorable.

19th century American novel that opposes the brutality of the slave system. This is the story of one man and the entire era of slavery in America. This story is about the fact that such qualities as kindness, mercy, humanity do not depend on skin color.

The diary of a Dutch woman named Etty Hillesum, in whose soul she lived great power and the will to live. Here are her thoughts during World War II. Having experienced all the horrors of the concentration camp, she did not lose heart, but was able to light a flame of hope in the hearts of thousands of people.

Robbie, Otto and Gottfried are three friends who survived the war. Together with another girl named Pat, they are forced to learn to live in a new world - a world of devastation, grief and evil. Each of them must choose their own moral path, which will determine their future life.

The book based on the popular film "1 + 1". A story about a French rich man chained to a wheelchair and an unemployed Negro who survived by petty robberies. Two completely different, at first glance, people who found in each other what they lacked so much.

Atticus Finch has always tried to live up to his conscience. He brings up his two children - a son and a daughter - in the spirit of justice and humanity. When a black man appears in the city, who is accused of murder, Atticus, despite all the prejudices of those around him, becomes his defense.

From childhood to old age - the story of one priest who, like everyone else, experienced fears and doubts, like everyone else, was subject to negative emotions. But every day he tried to become better - he fought cruelty, intolerance, evil and helped everyone who needed it.

An instructive book about a girl Sarah, who saw no reason to rejoice in life. But one day, having met a wise talking bird who taught her to look at life from a positive point of view, she realized how important it is to show her love, kindness and mercy to everything.

A life-affirming story about old Elner, who always saw joy in the smallest details and never lost heart. She brought joy and love to everyone around her. And even at a venerable age, Elner does not manage to retire - there are still so many things to teach others.

A young woman, along with her daughter, moves to a provincial French town and opens her own chocolate workshop. Feeling her customers in a mysterious way, she presents them not only with sweets, but also with what they lack so much.

A story about different people and different generations, which will make you laugh, cry and be sad. It has real life. But life is not from the side we used to look at. This story is about always continuing to believe in good and never giving up.

A kind and bright book about nine-year-old Trill and his girlfriend Lena, who get involved in various adventures and always successfully come out of them. It is recommended for reading by adults who, in a pile of their problems, have forgotten about the most important thing - love, friendship, mutual assistance.

At the age of 11, the heroine of the novel, Pollyanna, has to leave her home and move to live with her harsh and strict aunt. But the girl does not despair, because her father taught her one game, which is to see only the positive in all life situations.

A very kind and instructive story about two boys and about one wonderful summer. Incredible adventures, interesting situations, mysterious cases and… a summer full of wonderful smells, bright colors that can take any reader back to childhood.

Fairy tale for children and adults. A crashed pilot in a distant desert meets a little boy who turns out to be an alien from another planet. The boy's amazing view of life, his thoughts and stories will not leave anyone indifferent.

How important, at any age, in any situation, never forget about your family. About my grandparents, and maybe about aged parents. The book is not just about an unusual grandfather, oh little boy and cherry tree, but about family, love and kindness.

A fairy tale, a story, or maybe a riddle? In the center of everything is the House with its unusual inhabitants. An incredible interweaving of fairy tales, reflections on the topic eternal questions about good and evil, and an unexpected ending - this book will lead the reader into a fantasy world in which everyone can find what they have been looking for for a long time.

"35 Kilos of Hope" is a story about choosing one's own path, about love and faith, about family, about life values, about devotion and tolerance towards others. This book makes you laugh and cry, it motivates you to act and not waste a single minute of your life on trifles.

Captain Crewe is a very powerful and wealthy man. He sends his daughter Sarah to one of best schools. But after his sudden death, a lot of misfortunes attack the girl. Kind heart, tolerance and faith in the best will help Sarah find a way out even from this situation.

Gorshkova Elena Pavlovna

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Good and evil in the works of Russian literature

Scientific work

Completed by: Gorshkova Elena Pavlovna

11th grade student A of school No. 28

Checked by: Sabaeva Olga Nikolaevna

Russian language teacher and

literature school number 28

Nizhnekamsk, 2012

1. Introduction 3

2. "Life of Boris and Gleb" 4

3. A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" 5

4. M.Yu. Lermontov "Demon" 6

5. F.M. Dostoevsky "The Brothers Karamazov" and "Crime and Punishment" 7

6. A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" 10

7. M.A. Bulgakov "White Guard" and "Master and Margarita" 12

8. Conclusion 14

9. List of used literature 15

1. Introduction

My work is about good and evil. The problem of good and evil is eternal problem which has excited and will continue to excite mankind. When fairy tales are read to us in childhood, in the end, good almost always wins in them, and the fairy tale ends with the phrase: "And they all lived happily ever after ...". We grow, and over time it becomes clear that this is not always the case. However, it does not happen that a person is absolutely pure in soul, without a single flaw. In each of us there are shortcomings, and there are many of them. But that doesn't mean we're evil. We have a lot of good qualities. So the theme of good and evil arises already in ancient Russian literature. As they say in the “Teachings of Vladimir Monomakh”: “... Think, my children, how merciful and merciful God is to us. We are sinful and mortal people, and yet, if someone harms us, we are ready, it seems, to pin him right there and take revenge; and the Lord to us, the Lord of life (life) and death, bears with us our sins, although they exceed our heads, and throughout our life, like a father who loves his child, and punishes, and again draws us to Himself. He showed us how to get rid of the enemy and defeat him - with three virtues: repentance, tears and alms ... ".

"Instruction" - not only literary work but also an important monument public thought. Vladimir Monomakh, one of the most authoritative Kiev princes, trying to convince contemporaries of the perniciousness of internecine strife - Russia, weakened by internal hostility, will not be able to actively resist external enemies.

In my work, I want to trace how this problem has changed for different authors in different times. Of course, I will dwell in more detail only on individual works.

2. "The Life of Boris and Gleb"

We meet a pronounced opposition of good and evil in the work of ancient Russian literature "The Life and Destruction of Boris and Gleb", written by Nestor, a monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Monastery. The historical basis of events is as follows. Dies in 1015 old prince Vladimir, who wanted to appoint his son Boris, who was not in Kiev at that time, as the heir. Boris's brother Svyatopolk, plotting to seize the throne, orders to kill Boris and his younger brother Gleb. Near their bodies, abandoned in the steppe, miracles begin to happen. After the victory of Yaroslav the Wise over Svyatopolk, the bodies were reburied and the brothers were proclaimed saints.

Svyatopolk thinks and acts at the instigation of the devil. "Historiographical" introduction to life corresponds to ideas about the unity of the world historical process: the events that took place in Russia, only special case the eternal struggle of God and the devil - good and evil.

"The Life of Boris and Gleb" - a story about the martyrdom of the saints. The main theme also determined the artistic structure of such a work, the opposition of good and evil, the martyr and the tormentors, dictated a special tension and "poster" directness of the culminating scene of the murder: it should be long and moralizing.

A.S. Pushkin looked at the problem of good and evil in his own way in the novel “Eugene Onegin”.

3. A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

The poet does not divide his characters into positive and negative ones. He gives each of the characters several conflicting assessments, forcing them to look at the characters from several points of view. Pushkin wanted to achieve maximum lifelikeness.

The tragedy of Onegin lies in the fact that he rejected Tatyana's love, fearing to lose his freedom, and could not break with the world, realizing its insignificance. In a depressed state of mind, Onegin left the village and "began wandering." The hero, who returned from a journey, does not look like the former Onegin. He will no longer be able, as before, to go through life, completely ignoring the feelings and experiences of the people he encountered, and think only about himself. He has become much more serious, more attentive to others, now he is capable of strong feelings that completely capture him and shake his soul. And then fate again brings him to Tatyana. But Tatyana refuses him, because she was able to see that selfishness, that selfishness that lay at the basis of his feelings for her .. In Tatyana, offended feelings speak: it was her turn to reprimand Onegin for not being able to discern all the depth in her in time her soul.

In Onegin's soul, there is a struggle between good and evil, but, in the end, good wins. O future fate We don't know the hero. But perhaps he would have become the Decembrists, to which the whole logic of the development of character, which had changed under the influence of a new circle of life impressions, led.

4.M.Yu. Lermontov "Demon"

The theme runs through all the work of the poet, but I want to dwell only on this work, because. in it the problem of good and evil is considered very sharply. The demon, the personification of evil, loves the earthly woman Tamara and is ready to be reborn for good for her sake, but Tamara, by her nature, is not able to return his love. earthly world and the world of spirits cannot converge, the girl dies from one kiss of the Demon, and his passion remains unquenched.

At the beginning of the poem, the Demon is evil, but by the end it becomes clear that this evil can be eradicated. Tamara initially represents good, but she causes suffering to the Demon, since she cannot answer his love, which means that for him she becomes evil.

5.F.M. Dostoevsky "The Brothers Karamazov"

The history of the Karamazovs is not just a family chronicle, but a typified and generalized image of contemporary intellectual Russia. This is an epic work about the past, present and future of Russia. From a genre point of view, complex work. It is a fusion of "life" and "novel", philosophical "poems" and "teachings", confessions, ideological disputes and judicial speeches. The main problem is the philosophy and psychology of "crime and punishment", the struggle between "God" and "devil" in the souls of people.

Dostoevsky formulated the main idea of ​​the novel "The Brothers Karamazov" in the epigraph "Truly, truly, I say to you: if a grain of wheat, falling into the ground, does not die, it will bear much fruit" (Gospel of John). This is the thought of the renewal that inevitably takes place in nature and in life, which is invariably accompanied by the dying of the old. The breadth, tragedy, and irresistibility of the process of renewing life are explored by Dostoevsky in all their depth and complexity. The thirst for overcoming the ugly and ugly in consciousness and actions, the hope for moral rebirth and familiarization with a pure, righteous life overwhelm all the heroes of the novel. Hence the "anguish", the fall, the frenzy of the heroes, their despair.

At the center of this novel is the figure of a young commoner, Rodion Raskolnikov, who succumbed to new ideas, new theories, circulating in society. Raskolnikov is a thinking man. He creates a theory in which he tries not only to explain the world, but also to develop his own morality. He is convinced that humanity is divided into two categories: one - "they have the right", and others - "trembling creatures" that serve as "material" for history. The schismatics came to this theory as a result of observations of contemporary life, in which everything is allowed to the minority, and nothing to the majority. The division of people into two categories inevitably raises in Raskolnikov the question of what type he himself belongs to. And to clarify this, he decides on a terrible experiment, he plans to sacrifice an old woman - a pawnbroker who, in his opinion, brings only harm, and therefore deserves death. The action of the novel is built as a refutation of Raskolnikov's theory and his subsequent recovery. By killing the old woman, Raskolnikov placed himself outside society, including even his beloved mother and sister. The feeling of cut off, loneliness becomes a terrible punishment for the criminal. Raskolnikov is convinced that he was mistaken in his hypothesis. He experiences the anguish and doubts of the "ordinary" criminal. At the end of the novel, Raskolnikov takes the Gospel in his hands - this symbolizes the hero's spiritual turning point, the victory of the good in the hero's soul over his pride, which gives rise to evil.

Raskolnikov, it seems to me, is generally a very controversial person. In many episodes modern man it is difficult to understand him: many of his statements are refuted by each other. Raskolnikov's mistake is that he did not see in his idea the crime itself, the evil that he committed.

Raskolnikov's condition is characterized by the author with such words as "gloomy", "depressed", "indecisive". I think this shows the incompatibility of Raskolnikov's theory with life. Although he is convinced that he is right, this conviction is something not very sure. If Raskolnikov was right, then Dostoevsky would describe the events and his feelings not in gloomy yellow tones, but in bright ones, but they appear only in the epilogue. He was wrong in taking on the role of God, having the courage to decide for Him who should live and who should die.

Raskolnikov constantly oscillates between faith and unbelief, good and evil, and Dostoevsky fails to convince the reader even in the epilogue that the gospel truth has become Raskolnikov's truth.

Thus, Raskolnikov’s own doubts, internal struggles, disputes with himself, which Dostoevsky constantly leads, were reflected in Raskolnikov’s searches, mental anguish and dreams.

6. A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"

A.N. Ostrovsky in his work "Thunderstorm" also touches on the theme of good and evil.

In The Thunderstorm, according to the critic, “the mutual relations of tyranny and voicelessness are brought to the most tragic consequences. Dobrolyubov considers Katerina a force that can resist the bone old world, a new force brought up by this kingdom and its amazing foundation.

The play Thunderstorm contrasts two strong and solid characters of Katerina Kabanova, a merchant's wife, and her mother-in-law Marfa Kabanova, who has long been nicknamed Kabanikha.

The main difference between Katerina and Kabanikha, the difference that separates them into different poles, is that following the traditions of antiquity for Katerina is a spiritual need, and for Kabanikha it is an attempt to find the necessary and only support in anticipation of the collapse of the patriarchal world. She does not think about the essence of the order that she protects, she emasculated from it the meaning, content, leaving only the form, thereby turning it into a dogma. She turned the beautiful essence of ancient traditions and customs into a meaningless ritual, which made them unnatural. It can be said that the Kabanikha in The Thunderstorm (as well as the Wild One) personifies a phenomenon inherent in the crisis state of the patriarchal way of life, and not inherent in it initially. The deadening effect of wild boars and wild boars on living life is especially evident precisely when life forms are deprived of their former content and are already preserved as museum relics. best qualities patriarchal life in their original purity.

Thus, Katerina belongs to the patriarchal world - all other characters in it. The artistic purpose of the latter is to describe the reasons for the doomedness of the patriarchal world as fully and multi-structured as possible. Thus, Varvara learned to deceive and seize the opportunity; she, like Kabanikha, follows the principle: “do whatever you want, if only it was sewn and covered.” It turns out that Katerina in this drama is good, and the rest of the characters are representatives of evil.

7.M.A. Bulgakov "The White Guard"

The novel tells about the events of 1918-1919, when Kiev was abandoned by the German troops, who surrendered the city to the Petliurites. Officers of the former tsarist army were at the mercy of the enemy.

In the center of the story is the fate of one such officer's family. For the Turbins, a sister and two brothers, the fundamental concept is honor, which they understand as service to the fatherland. But in twists and turns civil war the fatherland ceased to exist, and the usual landmarks disappeared. Turbines are trying to find a place for themselves in the world that is changing before our eyes, to preserve their humanity, the goodness of the soul, not to become embittered. And the heroes succeed.

The novel appeals to Higher powers who are supposed to save people in a time of trouble. Alexei Turbin has a dream in which both the Whites and the Reds go to heaven (Paradise), because both are loved by God. So, in the end, good must win.

The devil, Woland, comes to Moscow with a revision. He watches the Moscow philistines and passes sentence on them. The culmination of the novel is Woland's ball, after which he learns the history of the Master. Woland takes the Master under his protection.

After reading a novel about himself, Yeshua (in the novel he is a representative of the forces of Light) decides that the Master, the creator of the novel, is worthy of Peace. The master and his beloved are dying, and Woland accompanies them to the place where they now have to live. This is a pleasing house, the very embodiment of an idyll. So a person who is tired of the battles of life gets what he aspired to with his soul. Bulgakov hints that in addition to the posthumous state, defined as "Peace", there is another higher state - "Light", but the Master is not worthy of Light. Researchers are still arguing why the Master is denied the Light. In this sense, the statement of I. Zolotussky is interesting: “It is the Master himself who punishes himself for the fact that love has left his soul. The one who leaves the house or whom love leaves does not deserve the Light ... Even Woland is lost in front of this tragedy of fatigue, the tragedy of the desire to leave the world, leave life ”

Bulgakov's novel about the eternal struggle between good and evil. This work is not dedicated to the fate of a certain person, family or even a group of people somehow connected with each other - he considers the fate of all mankind in his historical development. The time interval of almost two millennia, separating the action of the novel about Jesus and Pilate and the novel about the Master, only emphasizes that the problems of good and evil, the freedom of the human spirit, its relationship with society are eternal, enduring problems that are relevant for a person of any era.

Bulgakov's Pilate is not at all shown as a classic villain. The procurator does not want the evil of Yeshua, his cowardice led to cruelty and social injustice. It is fear that makes good, intelligent and brave people a blind weapon of evil will. Cowardice is an extreme expression of inner subordination, lack of freedom of spirit, dependence of a person. It is especially dangerous also because, once reconciled to it, a person is no longer able to get rid of it. Thus, the powerful procurator turns into a miserable, weak-willed creature. On the other hand, the vagabond philosopher is strong in his naive faith in the good, which neither the fear of punishment nor the spectacle of general injustice can take away from him. In the image of Yeshua, Bulgakov embodied the idea of ​​goodness and unchanging faith. Despite everything, Yeshua continues to believe that evil, bad people not in the world. He dies on the cross with this faith.

The clash of opposing forces is most vividly presented at the end of A.N. Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita, when Woland and his retinue leave Moscow. What do we see? "Light" and "darkness" are on the same level. Woland does not rule the world, but Yeshua does not rule the world either.

8.Conclusion

What is good and what is evil on earth? As you know, two opposing forces cannot but enter into a struggle with each other, therefore the struggle between them is eternal. As long as man exists on earth, there will be good and evil. Through evil we understand what good is. And good, in turn, reveals evil, illuminating the path to truth for a person. There will always be a struggle between good and evil.

Thus, I came to the conclusion that the forces of good and evil in the world of literature are equal in rights. They exist in the world side by side, constantly opposing, arguing with each other. And their struggle is eternal, because there is no person on Earth who has never committed a sin in his life, and there is no such person who has completely lost the ability to do good.

9. List of used literature

1. S.F. Ivanova "Introduction to the temple of the word." Ed. 3rd, 2006

2. Large school encyclopedia, volume 2. 2003

3. Bulgakov M.A., plays, novels. Comp., intro. and note. V.M.Akimov. True, 1991

4. Dostoevsky F.M. "Crime and Punishment": Roman - M .: Olympus; TKO AST, 1996