In how many years will the sun explode. When will the sun explode? May increase solar activity
I heard that time erases everything...
BG "Adelaide"
In fact - in my opinion, the main question of philosophy, for thinking people, should be this: "What will happen if the Sun explodes?" or more precisely, even “When the Sun explodes”? But not at all in well-known questions: “What is the meaning of life” or, for example, “What is primary - matter or consciousness.” This question is of course deeper and more serious from a philosophical point of view, although the answer to it is short and obvious - “Our whole world will evaporate without a trace, and everything”, without any trace at all, nothing will remain at all, everything here will simply evaporate in the vent of plasma thermonuclear reactions and again everything will become the simplest atoms - the structure will crumble into separate smallest elements, and all information will simply disappear - forever and irrevocably. This is certainly an impressive sight when everything disappears, absolutely everything - without any hope of restoration. The whole and the world - everything that can be touched and remembered - everything will disappear - as And absolute silence and calmness will come again, on all waves. Like - there was a drawing, they brushed it off and there is nothing - and it is impossible to collect the main thing back. And we will not notice this suddenness - when the drawing is suddenly swept away.
But on the other hand, suddenly and during our lifetime, this event will certainly not happen, well, unless some unexpected catastrophic solar reaction happens, something goes wrong on the Sun - just like the sea and the river, too, because they are also stable substances, or mountains , but sometimes it will spill or some kind of tsunami will arise, or an earthquake or some kind of collapse where no one expected - and everything is calm for a hundred thousand years. And it will destroy half of the coast, or, for example, country houses that were at the mouth of the river.
But there is also a feeling - if the Sun suddenly explodes - we will not even notice this at all - we will evaporate in a split second and that's it. (Of course, it is understandable that the heat wave will go on for about eight eight minutes - not faster speed Sveta. But if such a volumetric explosion in different directions with an instantaneous expansion, we will not notice anyway. There were right away - no, here you sit, for example, write on a computer, drink coffee, and someone reads. Since there is nothing at all - this is the depth of meaning.)
Reminds me of an old joke about this:
The lecture is on astronomy on the topic “Life Cycles of the Sun”, which means the professor explains: “And after about five billion years, thermonuclear reactions will gradually stop and the Sun will go out.” And from the back rows the question: “In how much, in how much?” The professor repeats: "In five billion years." And there: “Well, huh, otherwise I heard that in three billion” ...
Approximately these are the arguments about what will happen when the Sun goes out - very exciting in terms of their scale, but still purely empirical events for us. And in any case, too
But the Sun is not the most big star- so among the many, many stars of ours, not just the Universe, but the Galaxy, which is also just one of - as scientists suspect from 200 billion other galaxies.
And judging by how these stars are born, develop and then die, astronomers can judge the periods of life and our Sun.
And in fact, everything will develop as follows: after about 1.1 billion years, the Sun will already be brighter by about 11% (according to Wikipedia) - and at this time, the disappearance of life on planet Earth is approximately and possibly. In another 3.5 billion years, the brightness of the Sun will increase by another 40% and all life will disappear on Earth. (You can get acquainted with the entire life cycle of the Sun, respectively -.)
And the Sun is actually not a yellowish color as we used to imagine - but it looks like this.
And of course, everything in this world will end and disappear for each individual person -. And it’s not that the Sun will disappear for everyone, but the entire personal Universe will suddenly cease to exist, and everyone will eventually gain absolute Freedom — in general, from everything material. Forever and ever.
And finally, a wonderful informative video about the sizes of various objects in the Universe.
How the luminary will destroy our planet
A series of powerful solar flares attracted the attention of scientists and alarmed many of our fellow citizens. What is it, what is fraught with? And do not such active processes taking place on the star closest to us mean the beginning of any serious changes that may already threaten earthly life in the foreseeable future? We tried to find answers to such questions with the help of research physicist Ivan Nazarenko.
September 2017 claims a place in the list of natural records, thanks to a powerful "cannonade" arranged by the Sun. One powerful outbreak, another... Powerful flows of electromagnetic energy that hit the Earth... Scientists warn of possible negative consequences in the form of communication failures, accidents in transport systems, deterioration in the well-being of meteorologically dependent people. But can something more global follow?
Irreversible changes occur on the Sun during its entire "life" - millions of years. These are the laws of physics, - emphasizes Ivan Nazarenko. - In the end, quantitative changes will turn into qualitative ones, and our luminary, having developed, so to speak, an energy resource, will die. The vast majority of experts believe that this can happen very soon - in 5-8 billion years.
However, some of their colleagues are much more pessimistic and predict the likely onset of an imminent "solar demise." They point to the possible development of processes on the Sun, which will lead to a supernova explosion. As a result, the outer solar shell will explode and for some time will spew energy in huge quantities - in a second as much as the Sun emitted in normal mode over the previous 10 thousand years.
Some of the supporters of this version believe that one of the signs of the beginning of the transformation into a supernova are, among other things, powerful flashes in the sun.
– Can such a process be delayed? In other words, is it enough solar life for our age?
There is no consensus among scientists here. For example, the Dutchman Piers van der Meyer once stated that the Sun will turn into a supernova as early as 2010. One of the arguments in favor of just such a development of events, he called the observed noticeable increase in the temperature of the solar substance. However, as we have seen, the Dutch researcher, fortunately, was mistaken. Although the processes of activation in our luminary in recent times noticeable. Among them, of course, are the current very powerful outbreaks. However, to be honest, we still cannot give an unambiguous answer to the question – will the Sun die in the foreseeable future? We still know too little about the star closest to us, about what is happening to it.
- Is it possible to imagine what the picture of the death of the Sun will look like if, nevertheless, the most gloomy forecasts come true?
This is easier to do than to predict its "longevity". Given the distance to us from the luminary, earthlings will see its explosion about eight minutes later. The entire sky will be engulfed in radiance from the bright white flame emitted by the exploding star. The power of this glow will be such that the night on the planet will disappear. Most likely, all living things - including people - will die already at this first stage of the cataclysm.
After that, streams will fall on the Earth radioactive radiation- so powerful that the earth's magnetic field cannot protect against them. Radiation will complete the destruction of flora and fauna. And all traces of their existence on the planet will be subsequently incinerated: under the influence of anomalous solar radiation, the temperature on the Earth's surface will quickly rise to 3-5 thousand degrees. At the same time, all water will evaporate and form a thick cloud cover at an altitude of tens of kilometers from the "ball". But this is still only a "preliminary apocalypse".
Due to the explosion, the Sun will “swell up” many times, and the plasma streams emitted by it will fall on the Earth. This dynamic impact will cause our devastated, burned and melted planet to be knocked out of its orbit, and it will go on an unpredictable flight outside the solar system.
However, other scientists argue that the Earth and at least some of its inhabitants still have a chance to survive the solar cataclysm. According to these predictors, the most probable process is that the Sun will first turn into a red giant, and then, throwing some of its matter into the surrounding space, will become a white dwarf. With such a metamorphosis, our planet can be “pushed” by solar radiation to a far distance from the star, and it will begin to rotate around it in an orbit with a large radius, which will eventually save the Earth from excessive overheating. There is a chance that these new conditions for the existence of the Earth in near-solar space will be suitable for the preservation of biological life on the surface of the planet. Although we must not forget that with such an "emergency evacuation" our "ball" may collide, for example, with Mars. Here the chances of survival and preservation of the planet are zero.
As Nazarenko said, according to some scientists, periods of particularly high solar activity can influence events on Earth, exacerbating the “negative”. Here are just a few examples from the researcher's collection.
The maximum solar activity was noted in 1937-1938. In this period:
On May 6, 1937, the world's largest German airship, the Hindenburg, crashed near New York;
On June 11, the trial in the "case of Marshal Tukhachevsky" ended in Moscow, from which large-scale repressions began at the top of the army;
in July, Japanese troops invaded China; during the war, Mikado soldiers brutally killed many civilians;
July 29, 1938 on Far East the battles of the Red Army units with the Japanese troops began in the area of Lake Khasan;
From November 9 to 10, Kristallnacht happened, when mass Jewish pogroms took place in Germany.
The sunny "peak" of 1969 "backfired" with a whole series of successful and unsuccessful coup d'état and assassination attempts on state leaders:
January 22 during the solemn meeting of the crews spaceships Soyuz-4 and Soyuz-5 an attempt was made on Secretary General Central Committee of the CPSU L. I. Brezhnev;
On January 25, in North Yemen, the military tried to overthrow the government, in the end they failed, all the conspirators were killed;
On March 25, under pressure from the high army command, the President of Pakistan, Field Marshal Ayyub Khan, resigned;
On October 15, in the city of Las Anod, an unknown person in a police uniform shot the President of Somalia, Abdirashid Ali Shermark, and after that a military coup took place in this country;
in early December, one after another, failed coup attempts took place in Libya and Sudan.
"Peak" solar activity in 1979:
On January 16, an earthquake measuring 7 on the Richter scale struck the Iranian province of Khorasan;
in February-March, a short but very fierce Sino-Vietnamese war broke out;
On August 11, two Tu-134 passenger planes collided over Dneprodzerzhinsk, killing 172 people, including the football players of the Pakhtakor team;
On November 9, for ten minutes, the world was on the verge of nuclear war due to a computer malfunction of the American NORAD system;
at the end of December Soviet troops were introduced into Afghanistan, during the storming of the palace, Afghan President Hafizullah Amin was killed.
"Peak" 1989:
On April 9, troops dispersed a rally in Tbilisi, which was attended by more than 60 thousand people, 16 people died, hundreds were injured;
On June 4, two passenger trains burned down near Ufa as a result of a gas pipeline explosion, killing 575 people and injuring more than 670.
Another solar maximum occurred in 2000-2001:
On November 11, a fire on a finicular train in the Austrian ski resort of Kaprun killed 155 people;
September 11, 2001 - the largest terrorist attack in the United States, hijacked airliners rammed the towers of the World Trade Center, killing about 3,000 people;
On October 4, a missile launched from a Crimean training ground during an air defense exercise of Ukraine accidentally shot down a Tu-154 passenger plane of a Russian airline, killing 78 people;
One of the questions that almost always comes up in lectures on astronomy is: when will the sun explode? Of course, it is impossible to give an exact answer to this. But what's at the end eventually happen with our luminary and the solar system, you can predict.
SPACE "CRADLE"
Stars, like people, are born, live and die. And if they are born in approximately the same way, then their life path pass and die in completely different ways.
Many modern astrophysical theories agree that stars are born from gas and dust clouds. Such a cloud, called the "stellar cradle", is very large, tens of thousands of times larger than our solar system, and very massive, millions of solar masses.
The "star cradle" can slowly rotate around some galaxy for billions of years, until an incident necessary for the start of "patrimonial activity" occurs. It may be a collision with another "cradle", passing through a tight sleeve spiral galaxy or a shock wave from a nearby supernova explosion.
And then in the "star cradle" a gravitational collapse occurs, that is, a rapid compression. The gas-dust cloud breaks up into clumps, some of which will retain the cloud structure, but some, the smallest ones, weighing less than 100 solar masses, will be able to form a star.
Gas in small clumps heats up as it contracts and turns into a dense, spherical protostar rotating around its axis. It's a stunningly beautiful process.
Whether a protostar turns into a star depends on how hot the temperature in its core becomes. If the temperature reaches about ten million degrees, thermonuclear fusion will begin in the core - the conversion of hydrogen into helium. Hydrostatic equilibrium will be established inside the newborn star, further compression will stop. The star will become stable and begin to glow.
Over time, planets can form around the star, and life can begin on the planets.
But sometimes it happens quite differently. Sometimes so-called "stillborn" stars appear. If the temperature in the core "does not reach" thermonuclear fusion, the star becomes a brown dwarf and dies very quickly, in some tens of millions of years. It goes out, without having time to really flare up. Fortunately, our Sun belongs to the first group, and it is destined for a long (though not infinitely long) stellar life.
Even small, by cosmic standards, bursts of solar activity can cause on Earth magnetic storms and even disable equipment
"ENGINEER" IN THE OUTSIDE?
Astrophysicists estimate the age of the Sun at five billion years. By analogy with human life The sun has already left the pores of youth, but it is still very far from old age. The busiest time ever.
Here is our luminary and works sparing no effort, turning hydrogen into helium and due to this illuminating and heating world space and us.
I must say that in the world "stellar hierarchy" the Sun occupies a very average position both in terms of its mass, and in terms of luminosity, and in terms of location. Again, resorting to the human analogy, we can say that it works as an ordinary engineer in a small enterprise somewhere in the Russian outback.
(By the way, about the outback: this is a fairly accurate analogy, since the solar system is located between two spiral arms of the galaxy Milky Way at a very significant distance from its center - 32,660 light years.)
The "stellar hierarchy" for astrophysicists is the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, which establishes the dependence of the brightness (luminosity) of a star on its color and surface temperature.
According to it, the Sun is located approximately in the middle of the "main sequence", on which most of the stars known to us are located. An ordinary, ordinary luminary of the spectral class G, not quite a dwarf, but by no means a giant.
SPOT ON THE FACE OF THE LIGHT
Five billion years of thermonuclear fusion has led to the fact that approximately 40% of the hydrogen in the interior of the Sun has already turned into helium. The surface of the Sun is slowly but surely cooling (now the temperature of the surface is about six thousand degrees, which is a thousand times less than the temperature of its core and a thousand times more than the temperature of the hottest corners of the Earth).
Just as the skin on a person's face wrinkles with age, the "face" of the Sun becomes covered with spots. The nature of the spots has not been fully studied; it is assumed that these are zones with a relatively low temperature in the solar photosphere and their own magnetic fields.
What will happen to the Sun and, accordingly, to the Solar system, when all the hydrogen in its depths burns out? It will end its days in black space cold or, on the contrary, in a flash of the brightest, unimaginable flame? And, most importantly for us, living today, when can this happen?
OLD AGE AND DEATH
Let's reassure the reader - according to all serious astrophysical theories, this will happen very, very slowly. In the hundreds of millions, maybe billions of years that separate us from this sad moment, humanity will no doubt find a way to save itself. Therefore, all of the above questions about future fate The suns have for us a purely theoretical, although considerable interest.
Let's consider the most popular "end of the world" scenarios among astrophysicists.
In a billion or two years, the Sun will begin to "age". The main thermonuclear "fuel" - hydrogen - will remain in the core less and less, and the Sun will first increase in size due to the violation of hydrostatic equilibrium. From an ordinary yellow star, it will turn into a red giant the size of the orbit of Mercury.
WHAT WILL THE PLANET
Planets close to the Sun - Venus, Earth, Mars - will turn into waterless and lifeless stone spheres. Languages solar corona will continuously lick the surface of the deserted Earth, and its plasma will slow down its rotation, turning the circular orbit into a spiral.
Perhaps the Earth will eventually fall into the Sun, perhaps not, because the red giants live for a very short time, only some 100-200 million years. It is during this time that the last hydrogen atoms will turn into helium, the thermonuclear cycle will end, the reddened, swollen Sun will begin to rapidly deflate, fall into itself.
The gravitational collapse is very fast, and in less than a few months our time, the Sun will turn into a tiny, Earth-sized, but exceptionally bright white dwarf due to its rapid contraction.
And in another hundred million years, the white dwarf will cool down and become a black dwarf, superdense and finally “dead” space object, only with its mass and gravity reminiscent of the former radiant luminary.
ANOTHER SCENARIO
However, things can happen differently. Just as a person sometimes dies prematurely from an illness or accident, so our Sun may not live up to its measured age limit. Such a tragic accident for a star can be its transformation into a supernova.
The transformation of the Sun into a supernova is not very likely due to its relatively small size, but it is possible.
The fact is that, in addition to the conversion of hydrogen into helium, other thermonuclear reactions can occur in the interior of a star. When (and if!) the accumulated mass of the helium core becomes too large, the core cannot withstand its own weight and begins to shrink, while the temperature increasing at the same time can cause the transformation of helium into carbon, carbon into oxygen, oxygen into silicon, and finally silicon into iron .
Naturally, this releases an incredible, colossal amount of energy.
Solar Activity
Like a cancerous tumor, a new, iron core appears and grows inside the star. It will grow until the ever-increasing gravity breaks the structure of its constituent atoms. The electron shells of atoms will "collapse" on their nuclei, turning them from proton to neutron.
The core of the star itself will also decrease in size millions of times, a vacuum layer will appear between it and the outer shells of the star, into which these very outer shells heated up to enormous temperatures.
But there will be especially nowhere to fall, because the neutron core will reflect the outer layers, like an experienced tennis player's racket - a flying ball. And then the reflected shells will explode, and the star will turn into a supernova.
If this happens to our Sun, then for several months it will throw out into the surrounding space every second as much radiant energy as it used to give in 10 thousand years.
And intelligent beings, located at a safe distance from the solar system that has ceased to exist, somewhere in the Andromeda nebula, will watch with interest the new brightly luminous stellar object that has decorated their night sky, pointing fingers at each other. Or tentacles.
However, it is quite likely that these will be not just intelligent, but alien creatures, but our descendants. Because even in the unlikely event of the Sun becoming a supernova, they will have at least tens of millions of years (and this is a long time for evolution!) To find suitable new worlds for themselves and get to them.
WILL IT DISSOLVE?
Recently, scientists have put forward several more original hypotheses of how our luminary may die.
They argue that there will be neither a supernova explosion nor a "normal cooling" of the Sun. Over time, the luminary will shed the old and unnecessary gas shell, like a snake - the skin.
In the end, it will turn into a luminous cloud of planetary fog, which will cool for several thousand years, and eventually simply dissolve into outer space. The planets of the solar system, left without a luminary, will become unsuitable for life.
True, astronomers could not voice why the Sun should have a different fate than any other luminaries that go through a full life cycle.
Well, let's not forget that apocalyptic predictions have been made at all times. And they were voiced by very serious people. The nearest date for the death of the Sun is 2060. Her mathematically calculated by the famous Isaac Newton. "
In the winter of 2017, scientists with the help of the Hubble telescope captured in the photo the formation of a nebula as a result of the death of a star similar to the Sun.
By the way, even now, when the apocalypse is still very far away, a completely peaceful Sun sometimes has a very negative impact on all life on Earth.
Thus, Norwegian researchers, who began their research about ten years ago, processed data from parish registers in the Trondheim area from 1750 to 1900. The researchers compared data on the life expectancy of people with the phases of solar activity and came to truly sensational conclusions.
People who were born during the peak of solar activity, on average (excluding accidents and illnesses) lived 5.2 years less than those who were born during the years of minimum solar activity. Increased infant mortality was also observed during the solar maximum season. In addition, during these years, the birth rate declined, and more girls were born, who later turned out to be infertile.
Alas, the atmosphere is not able to completely absorb the radiation during the period of activity peaks. It is due to it that the life expectancy of people born during the solar maximum is reduced.
The duration of solar cycles is 9-14 years. During the peak of activity, storms rage on the surface of the star, giant plasma ejections occur, and astronomers observe dark spots and flashes. The solar maximum of 1859 is considered to be the strongest in the history of observations.
The sky was blazing for several weeks, and the northern lights could be observed even where they had never been seen before. Needless to say, it was in 1859, according to the studies of Norwegian scientists, that the maximum number of people who lived for a very long time was born in the Trondheim region. short life and infertile women.
Olga STROGOVA, "Cosmos. Mysteries of the Universe" magazine, special issue No. 15, 2017
Why should it explode
Scientists have repeatedly stated that a thermonuclear reaction that occurs inside a single star in our system can destroy not only a yellow dwarf, but all nearby planets. This can happen due to the "premature aging" of the Sun - processes that accelerate the "wear and tear" of the star and shorten the life cycle. You need to understand that our Sun has already lived for almost half of its life.
The maximum life span of a star is 10 billion years">
The maximum life span of a star is 10 billion years
The Sun has already lived 4.6 billion years of this period, so a miserable 5.5 billion years are left before the death of a single star.4.6 billion years of this period, the Sun has already lived, so before the death of a single star, a miserable 5.5 billion years remain.
contentSecond copy of the Earth
When huge star breaks into atoms, it turns into a supernova. Trillions of tons of dust and gas are thrown out. From this building material, new worlds are born, but the transition of a star to a supernova most often becomes latest event for already formed planets.
">The explosion of the Sun will definitely kill all the planets of the terrestrial group, but there are pluses">
The explosion of the Sun will definitely kill all the planets of the terrestrial group, but there are pluses
A new explosion will create more more worlds, which in a couple of billion years will again be inhabited by living and intelligent organisms">A new explosion will create even more worlds, which in a couple of billion years will again be inhabited by living and intelligent organisms.
contentWe'll be dead before the explosion
None of the scenarios for the destruction of the terrestrial planets, oddly enough, does not include a direct explosion. When the Sun begins to die, it is predicted by scientists to increase in size and, most likely, become significantly colder.
Over time, it mutates from a yellow dwarf to a red giant.">
Over time, it mutates from a yellow dwarf to a red giant.
It will become so large that the full ">">It will become so large that it will completely "eat" Mercury, Venus and even the Earth. Will get to other planets a little later
contentCold and hellish heat
The exact scenario of a solar explosion still does not exist, and everything related to reasoning about the death of an entire planetary system, is purely theoretical. For example, the scenario of "burning out all life" is far from the only one. There is another direction - cooling after the explosion.
Photo: © KInopoisk/ ">">
Such an explosion will not break the integrity of the Sun, but will stop the thermonuclear reaction">
Such an explosion will not violate the integrity of the Sun, but will stop the thermonuclear reaction.
The yellow dwarf will cease to emit heat and light. Planets such as Earth and Mercury, according to scientists, will freeze in just a month.The yellow dwarf will cease to emit heat and light. Planets such as Earth and Mercury, according to scientists, will freeze in just a month.
contentsoccer ball
The Sun not only warms the Earth, but also keeps it in a comfortable (in all respects) orbit. If the central star explodes, then one fine morning, earthlings will find that they are far from their usual habitat.
The destruction of the Sun will "erase" the habitual orbit of the Earth">
The destruction of the Sun will "erase" the habitual orbit of the Earth
If the Earth does not burn, then it can leave solar system, more precisely, what remains of it will turn into a rogue planet">If the Earth does not burn, it can leave the solar system, or rather what remains of it, and turn into a rogue planet
contentEnd of the world live
If the Sun explodes the way filmmakers and science fiction writers imagine it, then the planet will not turn into steam. And although scientists abandoned the original scenario, which involved "burning out" the Earth's surface and soil down to the core in eight minutes, other options are not much better.
Space expert Mikhail Lapikov noted that with some variants of the Sun's explosion, the day side of the planet would simply be "sterilized" at high speed - animals and other living organisms would be burned at a temperature of several million degrees.
First, the atmosphere will be "evaporated", then the temperature on the surface will be such that several layers will simply melt
Mikhail Lapikov
With such a development of events, even bacteria and other simple organisms can disappear. Water and all volatile gases will evaporate irrevocably. Farther Earth will gradually crack from the cold, and the planet will be outside the habitable zone. All this magnificence earthlings will be able to observe with melted and burnt own eyes.
">Calculated and the average time of destruction "\u003e
Calculated and the average time of destruction
The fireball will reach the Earth in a day or two. Accompanied by such an event will be a bright flash, from which many people will go blind"\u003eThe fireball will reach the Earth in a day or two. Accompanied by such an event will be a bright flash, from which many people will go blind.
Everyone understands that life on Earth is impossible without the sun. Although the matter is not only in it, but also in the optimal location of our planet from the Sun. And yet this does not diminish the importance of the celestial body, which provides us with vital heat. What is the sun? Why is it "hot"?
What is the sun?
It is impossible to study the Sun directly. It is impossible to send a spacecraft to the Sun to study, to take samples, in order to study them later. Therefore, our knowledge of the sun is based on theoretical calculations. Although it is said about the Sun that it "burns", however, this is just a transmission to plain language the complex process that takes place in the Sun. Due to the vacuum in space, combustion in the usual sense of the word is impossible.
Observations helped to find out the mass, composition, radius and temperature of the Sun. Thanks to additional data, it became known that for billions of years the luminosity of the Sun has not changed much. It was concluded that thermonuclear reactions take place in the sun. The temperature inside the sun reaches 20 million degrees. At this temperature, the hydrogen that makes up the sun is converted into helium: four hydrogen atoms fuse into one helium atom. This process is the reason for the release of such a large amount of energy, a tiny fraction of which the planet Earth receives to support life on it. The photo below shows a thermonuclear process in the Sun.
Is our Sun a star or a planet?
In the ancient Russian chronicle, the Sun is a planet (due to objective reasons, it is clear why they thought so). Here are the signs of a planet as a celestial body:
- - the planet has a certain density;
- - the planet rotates both around its own axis and around the star;
- - the planet is massive enough to have a rounded shape due to its gravity, but not massive enough to trigger a thermonuclear reaction, like the Sun;
- - in chemical composition planets like Earth have iron, aluminum, silicon, titanium, magnesium and other similar compounds in in large numbers. Gases are in the minority.
Although the Sun also rotates around its axis, which is difficult to track, but it
- - does not revolve around another star, like a planet;
- - Hydrogen and helium, gases predominate in the composition of stars. In the Sun, slightly more than 73% is hydrogen, almost 25% helium, the remaining 2% are other gases and some metals.
Everything shows that the Sun is a star.
How long will the sun exist?
Since everything in the Universe dies and is born again, the logical question is when the Sun will go out, if it goes out, of course? Or, conversely, can it explode?
At one time they said that the Sun's fuel reserves would be enough for another 5-6 billion years, and then it would begin to turn into a giant red star. Because of this, millions of hot gas will evaporate into the solar system and move the Earth away from the Sun. This, it seems, should not lead to disaster. But other calculations give only 1 billion years. Who is right and who is not, time will tell, but humanity is unlikely to fix the truth.
What happens if the Sun goes out? During the first week, the temperature will drop below 17 degrees Celsius. In a year it will be minus 40 on the earth. Photosynthesis will stop. There will be no foundations for the survival of mankind. Within a million years, the temperature stabilizes at minus 160 degrees. Some microorganisms will be able to survive, a person will not.
Regarding the explosion of the Sun, this can happen only after 6 thousand years. Over the past 11 years, the temperature of the solar core has doubled. If the trend continues, the Sun will explode before the eventual extinction.
Do I need to worry that the Sun will someday go out or explode? Not worth it. Firstly, we will not live to see this, and, secondly, everything is born sometime, goes through its life path, and then passes away or dies.
For humans, the life cycle of one person is within a hundred years, while for stars, the cycle takes billions of years.
What stage of the life cycle is the Sun in? The photo below shows the life cycle of a star in general.
Since our Sun is a star, this cycle must also go through this cycle. Our Sun is currently in its yellow dwarf stage. The next stage is either a nebula or a red giant, and then a supernova and beyond. What exactly will be the scenario for our Sun, only time will tell. And that's not for us...
At the moment, we can only study the Universe, admiring its greatness.
