Projects for the study of the forest in kindergarten. Project "Forest is our wealth" project (preparatory group) on the topic
Tamara Bayutova
Project "Forest is our wealth"
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution"Child Development Center - Kindergarten No. 13 of Kingisepp"
Project
Topic: "Forest - our wealth»
Duration: short term (2 weeks)
Age: 6 years
Compiled:
educator
MBDOU No. 12, Kingisepp
T. I. Bayutova
Kingisepp
The earth must be worthy
person, and in order for her
was quite worthy of him, man
should arrange the earth the same way
carefully, as he used to
organize your home, your home.
M. GORKY
Presidential Decree Russian Federation 2017 has been declared the Year of Ecology in Russia. preschool age- the optimal stage in the development of the ecological culture of the individual. At this age, the child begins to distinguish himself from environment, an emotional and value attitude to the environment develops, the foundations of moral and environmental positions are formed, which are manifested in the interactions of the child with nature, as well as in his behavior in nature. Thanks to this, it becomes possible to form environmental knowledge in children, norms and rules for interacting with nature, fostering empathy for it, and being active in solving some environmental problems.
We understand environmental education as a continuous process of education, upbringing and development of the child, aimed at the formation of a system of knowledge and skills, value orientations, moral and ethical and aesthetic relationship responsible (consciously correct) relation to the state of the environment.
Relevance of the problem: project"A fun trip to the realm of the forest" determines the goals, tasks aimed at the environmental education of preschoolers. The communication of children with nature, organized by the teacher, the content of knowledge that is accessible to the age, perception of children, arouses a steady interest, stimulates the desire to take care of nature and protect it. Children's lack of ideas that a forest is a community of plants and animals living together in the same area (the life of all forest dwellers depends on each other); about the inseparable connection between man and nature. Trees (Forest) purify and humidify the air, create coolness, some give delicious, edible fruits. Trees grow slowly, so they need to be protected. Protecting nature means protecting not only animals, but also its vegetation!
Target project: to form in children the idea that a forest is a community of plants and animals living together) in one territory (the life of all forest inhabitants depends on each other, that man and nature cannot exist without each other, the development of cognitive and creative abilities of children, skills of interaction and cooperation.To convey to the consciousness of children that the forest is our wealth.
Tasks project:
* To consolidate in children the idea of \u200b\u200bthe forest;
* Develop cognitive and Creative skills children;
* To form a careful attitude towards nature, to induce the desire to protect it from destruction, and, if necessary, restore it.
* To develop children's imagination, speech, fantasy, thinking, the ability to analyze, compare and generalize.
* To cultivate a careful attitude towards the vegetation of the forest and its inhabitants.
*Fix the idea of the forest as a community of plants and animals: the inseparable connection between man and nature,
*To form the initial skills of an environmentally literate and safe behavior in nature.
* Involvement in the creative activity of each child.
*Development of cognitive interest in nature, communication, interaction and cooperation skills.
* Involve parents in the educational process.
Duration project: short term.
Necessary equipment.
Literary series:
V. Bianchi "Forest Newspaper",
"Mad Squirrel".
M. M. Prishvin "Fox Bread", "Forest Master", "Golden Meadow".
"Oaks", and Troshina "What a wonderful place" Demo row:
- "Wild animals"
- "Forest Trees"
- "What tree is the leaf from?"
-"Berries of the Forest"
Stage 1 - preparatory (2 day)
1. Selection of demonstration material Expansion, clarification and consolidation of children's knowledge about the forest.
2. Selection of finger games, exercises for charging in verse, Consolidation of children's knowledge from which tree the leaf. The development of the speech apparatus.
3. Selection and acquisition fiction on this topic. Expanding children's knowledge about the rules of behavior in the forest.
4. Folder-slider "Vitamins of the summer table" Meet parents with possible ways fortifying children's nutrition
Stage 2 - main (10 days).
n / p Name of the event Purpose
Educational area "Social and communicative development"
1. Role-playing games:
We are inhabitants of the planet
Fire in the forest
Outdoors for a picnic
Formation of the ability to interact in plots with two (three) actors
Expand and consolidate children's knowledge of the rules of behavior in nature
2. TRIZ:
-"Teremok"
(from the experience of I. N. Murashkovskaya)
- "You are the part, I am the whole"
Teach social thinking skills
Develop thought processes, fantasy, imagination and speech of the child
3. Didactic games:
- "What tree is the leaf from?"
To consolidate children's knowledge in the difference between trees
Develop attention, memory.
Cultivate curiosity
4. Quiz
"The world"
"Environmental Quiz" Consolidate knowledge of the world around
Educational area "Cognitive Development"
5. Conversations:
- How does birch breathe?
- "Forest dwellings" Consolidation of children's ideas about where wild animals live and what they eat
6. Story:
M. M. Prishvin "Stump anthill" Extension and enrichment knowledge about the forest and its inhabitants
Educational area "Speech Development"
7. Examination of illustrations, albums, photographic materials, cards:
Trees our region,
wild animals of the forest
Enrichment ideas about wild animals, about what their home looks like.
8. Conversations:
What grows in the forest, and what in the garden?
Tell me about the trees our garden. The development of the dialogical form of speech. Consolidation of knowledge about trees, what does a tree consist of?
9. Examining the painting:
"Summer in the forest"
"Fox in the meadow"
"Bears by the River"»
Engaging children in conversation while looking at the picture.
10. Reading fiction literature:
Russians folk songs, nursery rhymes, incantations, jokes
V. Bianchi "Forest Newspaper",
"Mad Squirrel".
M. M. Prishvin "Fox Bread", "Forest Master", "Golden Meadow".
A selection of poems from the card index of A. Prokofiev "Oaks", and Troshina "What a wonderful place" Expanding children's knowledge of nature.
Enrichment children's vocabulary through new words.
Raising the ability to listen to new poems, stories, fairy tales
11. Riddles:
Riddles about nature Teaching children to correlate the described features of an object with its name.
12. Learning a poem:
N. Subbotina "Mighty, strong, age-old..."
I. Tokmakova “If they gave a birch a comb”
Long-term memory training. Activation of children's speech.
Educational area "Physical Culture"
13. Morning exercises
"Into the Forest Along the Path",
"In the birch grove"»,
Increasing the motor activity of children, familiarizing children with healthy lifestyles
14. Outdoor games:
Hedgehog and apples
Chickens and fox
Geese, Geese-ha-ha-ha...
Development of general motor skills, coordination of movements.
Strengthening the skills of performing the main types of movements, increasing motor activity.
15. Finger games:
- "In the forest for berries"
- "Wild animals"
Development of fine motor skills of the hand, speech and auditory attention.
Excursion to the park
"Hand in hand with nature"
Cultivate a caring attitude towards nature
Educational area "Artistic Creativity"
16. by drawing- "Green Lungs of the Earth" Consolidation of knowledge about the name and purpose of trees
Stage 3 - final (1 day)
n / p Name of the event Purpose
1. Exhibition of drawings
"Forest- our wealth» Development children's creativity. Cultivate a love for nature
2. Working with parents
Joint activity with children - drawing
"Green Pages" Development of joint creativity in the family
Project on familiarization with the surrounding world "Forest is our wealth"
MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 39 "Jubilee" of the city of Smolensk
Burenkova Liana Vadimovna, teacher of the first qualification category
city of Smolensk, st. Gubenko, 3
Project "Forest is our wealth"
Explanatory note:
Trees (forest) purify and moisten the air, create coolness, some give delicious edible fruits. Sawn wood is a building material: boards, plywood, furniture, toys, paper are made from dried trunks. Trees grow slowly, so they need to be protected. It is necessary to protect the trees, take care of them, sometimes talk kindly to them, and in the spring plant young trees together with their parents. Therefore, to protect nature means to protect not only animals, but also its vegetation! Let's save our forests!
To convey to the minds of children that the forest is our wealth.
Activate the knowledge of children, teach them to use them in life and work.
Teach children to understand that the forest is our wealth.
To acquaint children with wood as a material, the professions of people in the woodworking industry, wood products.
To cultivate emotional responsiveness, the ability to see and understand the beauty of nature, to form aesthetic feelings.
Develop interest in native nature, the desire to learn more about the peculiarities of their region, about the natural diversity of the country.
To form a caring attitude towards nature, to induce the desire to protect it from destruction, and, if necessary, restore it.
To cultivate a caring attitude towards the vegetation of the forest, towards its forest inhabitants.
Learn to follow the rules of behavior in the forest, understand the consequences of environmentally illiterate behavior (making fires, destroying trees, collecting plants).
Develop creative abilities (the ability to see "in the usual unusual", make crafts from natural materials).
Project implementation period: 1 year
Project participants: children of the preparatory group, educator, parents.
Project plan:
Lesson: "The forest is our wealth!", "Examining the pine",
How to recognize a plant
"Trees in our area"
"We are the protectors of nature!",
Forest in human life.
How did the chair appear in kindergarten»,
"Sick Tree"
"A plant is an adornment of the earth (according to proverbs)."
Excursion to the forest:
"Introduction to the trees of our forest."
Excursion to the sawmill:
"Acquaintance with the equipment, professions of people in the woodworking industry, their products."
Reading fiction, watching video stories, cartoons
(A selection of special material on discs).
Slideshow:
"Our Forest"
What does nature give us?
"Wood products", etc.
Observation
“The forest is like a painted tower”,
"Watching the trees in the forest."
Ecological trail "Pine".
Campaign "Save nature".
Entertainment
"Ah yes birch!",
“There was a birch in the field ...”
"Properties and qualities of a tree",
"Floats - sinks."
Individual conversations:
"Thanks and angry nature",
"Little Helpers"
"Woodpecker - the doctor of the forest",
"There's a fire in the forest."
Labor activity:
"Planting a Tree"
Drawing
"Birch",
"Larch"
(in different times of the year);
Application
"Rowan branch",
"Yolochka",
"Mixed forest";
collective work "Hello, forest, dense forest full of fairy tales and miracles!
Working with parents: making crafts from natural material "Forest - the pantry of nature";
homework (drawing "My favorite tree", "Wood products")
Questioning (" environmental education in family");
Action "Protect nature" (drawing posters, drawings together with children).
Advice for parents and teachers:
"Healing effects sounds of the forest»,
"On the healing power of cedar"
Making a folder - moving (information exchange)
Diagnosis of the level of environmental knowledge and skills of pupils under the project.
Presentation - holiday "In the forest clearing".
Expected results:
To form in the minds of children the concepts of ideals and values, as well as the foundations of nature conservation (forests);
Increasing the level of knowledge on environmental protection;
Formation of motivation for the protection and careful attitude to the resources of nature;
Development of team cohesion.
Plan - a scheme for the implementation of project activities
"The forest is our wealth!"
Kind of activity
Target
1. Hood. lit. Reading fairy tales, poems, stories.
To consolidate the ability to listen carefully and memorize the content of the works; learn to answer questions, replenish children's vocabulary. Learn proverbs and sayings about the forest.
2. Lesson (cognitive)
Teach children to understand that the forest is our wealth. To acquaint children with wood as a material, the professions of people in the woodworking industry, wood products. To cultivate emotional responsiveness, the ability to see and understand the beauty of nature, to form aesthetic feelings. To develop interest in native nature, the desire to learn more about the features of their region, about the natural diversity of the country. To form a caring attitude towards nature, to induce the desire to protect it from destruction, and, if necessary, restore it.
3. Viewing a video, fairy tales about the forest.
To continue the formation of ideas about the forest of the native land, its diversity. To acquaint children with the types of trees, properties, characteristics of different species.
4. Excursions to the forest
To cultivate a caring attitude towards the vegetation of the forest, towards its forest inhabitants. Learn to follow the rules of behavior in the forest, understand the consequences of environmentally illiterate behavior (making fires, destroying trees, collecting plants). Develop creative abilities (the ability to see “in the ordinary unusual”, make crafts from natural material. Clarify the names of a tree, a bush. Introduce the concepts: smooth, prickly, heavy, light, long, short, thick, thin. Show children the variety of colors of autumn, open the concept of leaf fall.
5. Ecological path "Pine".
Introduce children to pine wood as one of the main building materials. To develop interest in native nature, its vegetation, living world. To trace the relationship of living nature with non-living. Learn to understand the meaning of the forest (using the example of a pine) as part of nature: its role in human life.
6. Observations, experiments.
Establish a connection between live and inanimate nature(season - the state of plants), differentiate ideas about growing plants (light, heat, water, earth). Learn to highlight the properties of a tree, compare and draw conclusions.
7. Labor activity:
planting a tree;
Making an album about the forest.
Application "Herringbone"
To develop curiosity, diligence, respect for nature, its vegetation, to consolidate and concretize ideas about the forest (trees). To improve labor skills, to form independence. Develop creative thinking memory, creativity.
8. Working with parents:
homework - making crafts from natural materials.
Topic: "Forest - the pantry of nature!"
Consultation
Topic: "Healing effects of forest sounds"
To develop interest in the nature of the native land, to form aesthetic feelings and qualities.
Learn to "see and hear" the beautiful in nature. To teach to compose joint stories with children on the topic “the tree that I like”, “How I protect nature”.
9. Project presentation
(invitation of parents, competitions, exhibition of works, quiz, poetry reading, singing, round dance).
To convey to the minds of children that the forest is our wealth. Activate the knowledge of children, teach them to use them in life and work. Build communication skills. To cultivate love for the native land, a sense of pride and patriotism for one's land, one's country, to develop the moral qualities of the individual.
Model of three questions:
What do we know?
Names of some tree species.
Names of building material, furniture.
Riddles and songs about trees.
What gives a person a forest.
What do we want to know?
Varieties of trees, types of forest.
How, from what, who makes chairs and other furniture.
The profession of a carpenter, carpenter, woodcarver, forester.
Technique and equipment of people whose work is related to wood (wood).
What needs to be done to find out?
Ask adults.
Go on an excursion to the forest, a plot, a sawmill, a furniture store.
Look:
TV shows,
video materials,
Photo,
cartoons,
documentaries about the forest.
Design a photo album "Our Forest".
Organize an exhibition of crafts made from natural material "Forest - the pantry of nature."
Conduct experiments.
System web planning.
1. Art Center
Drawing on the theme "Our Forest".
Modeling on the theme "My favorite tree", "Furniture (chair)".
Application on the theme "Christmas tree elegant came to visit us."
2.Mathematics Center
Models, diagrams, tables "A little about the forest."
Didactic game"Trees" (account).
3. Center of movement
Mobile game "Trees"
Sedentary game "What first, what then ..."
4. Book center
Reading fairy tales, poems, stories about the forest.
Memorization of proverbs, poems, sayings.
Solving riddles.
5. Game Center
Role-playing games "Walk in the forest", "We will go to the forest for mushrooms", "Furniture store".
Didactic game "First-then" (successive pictures)
Theatrical game-etude "We are the defenders of the forest."
List of necessary equipment and materials for the project.
Didactic games:
"Trees",
"Whose shadow?"
"Collect and Name"
"What branch are the kids from?",
"Find similar shapes"
"Third wheel",
"Little Helpers"
"We protect nature"
"Nature is our friend!"
Handout and demonstration material:
Pictures "Trees", "Leaves", "Fruits of trees";
Scheme of the descriptive story "Tree-Flower";
Cards for individual work (materials from coloring pages);
Cards with puzzles, riddles, proverbs and sayings;
Photos (trees, furniture, toys and other items made of wood);
Cards for compiling a consistent story about a tree;
Pictures (carpenter's, carpenter's, lumberjack's tools);
Trees made of cardboard (plywood);
Wood products of folk craftsmen: nesting dolls, spoons, toys, musical instruments, caskets, dishes, etc. etc.
natural material:
Tree branches: pine, spruce, birch, mountain ash, oak, larch, cedar, poplar;
Leaves of trees, cones of coniferous trees;
Tree cut: pine, spruce, birch;
bark of various trees;
Log, stump, sawdust, shavings;
Sample of processed wood
Theatrical attributes:
Hats for outdoor games and skits: Woodpecker; Spruce; Pine; birch; Maple leaves; Spruce cones;
Table theater based on fairy tales: "Teremok", "Bubble, Straw and Lapot".
Fiction:
Russians folk tales"Bubble, straw and bast shoes", "Teremok";
S. Marshak (from Gianni Rodari) “What do crafts smell like?”;
K. D. Ushinsky “My birch, birch ...”;
K.D. Ushinsky "Woodpecker";
S. Marshak. Where did the table come from?
G. Ladoshnikov. New house.
Z. Alexandrova. Bird Tree.
E.Sokolova. Living tree.
E. Sokolova. Green beauty.
A. Chasovnikov. Lumberjacks.
A. Chasovnikov. Combine.
A. Chasovnikov. Alloyers.
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten No. 4 of the combined type of the city of Boksitogorsk"
Project
"Forest is our wealth"
in the middle - senior group
(4-6 years old)
Educator: Ponomareva L.A.
Boksitogorsk
Project name: "Forest is our wealth"
Age of children: medium - senior group(4-6 years old)
Project type: Short term
Type of project: Research and play
Relevance:
Trees (forest) purify and moisten the air, create coolness, some give delicious edible fruits. Sawn wood is a building material: boards, plywood, furniture, toys, paper are made from dried trunks. Trees grow slowly, so they need to be protected. It is necessary to protect the trees, take care of them, sometimes talk kindly to them, and in the spring plant young trees together with their parents. Therefore, to protect nature means to protect not only animals, but also its vegetation! Let's save our forests!
Objective of the project:
To deepen children's knowledge about the forest and its inhabitants, to instill a desire to protect and protect their native nature.
In order to interest children in this problem, I once offered cones of pine, cedar, and spruce for consideration. I noticed that they have a common name, but all the bumps are different. Children enthusiastically began to find similarities and differences in appearance, seeds and came to the conclusion that all the cones are from different trees. They began to wonder what seeds were for, whether other trees had them. Seeing the children's interest, I came to implement the project.
Tasks:
1. Expand and deepen knowledge about the forest, about its inhabitants, develop curiosity, a culture of behavior in nature.
2. To teach children to establish and understand the cause-and-effect relationships of natural phenomena.
3. To give knowledge to children on the eco-culture of our region.
Working with parents. The interaction of teachers with the families of pupils and their direct involvement in educational activities.
Advice for parents:
"To the forest with a child"
"In union with nature"
"The meaning of verbal environmental games in kindergarten"
Involving parents in enriching the vocabulary on the topic;
Organization of family excursions to the forest (provision of photographs for registration of a photo exhibition);
Making crafts from natural material (on the topic: "Miracles from natural material").
Monday: "Introduction to the Forest"
Purpose: to clarify children's ideas about the forest.
Purpose: formation of a positive attitude towards nature.
D / and “From which tree is the leaf?”
S / r "Walk in the forest"
Purpose: expansion vocabulary through the use of generalizing words, the development of attention and memory.
D / and "The fourth extra"
Proverbs and sayings about the forest
Walk
Purpose: development of horizons and cognitive-research activities in nature.
Observe the seasonal changes of nature while walking
Purpose: to develop perception, artistic and creative abilities, aesthetic feelings.
D / and "Know the mood"
Conversation "How the forest works."
Tuesday: " Vegetable world the woods"
Purpose: to introduce children to medicinal properties plants growing in forests and meadows.
Purpose: to continue to develop a cognitive interest in the natural world
D / and "Edible - inedible"
Purpose: to improve the ability to distinguish plant species according to their individual characteristics and characteristics.
Conversation "On medicinal plants"
D / and "Plant World"
Walk
Purpose: to develop cognitive activity, creativity, imagination, thinking, fantasy, communication skills.
S / r "Walking in the forest"
Purpose: to improve the ability to listen carefully, respond to
D / and "Plants of our forest"
Riddles about wild animals, trees, flowers, bushes.
Wednesday: " Animal world the woods"
Purpose: to study animals of different systematic groups (animals, birds, insects, spiders, crayfish, worms, reptiles, amphibians).
Purpose: to give an idea of the wild animals of the forests of Russia.
D / and "Remember and name"
Physical education "Hedgehog with hedgehogs"
Purpose: To enrich the vocabulary with nouns, adjectives, verbs.
Reading Skrebitsky G. A "Everyone in his own way."
Application "Squirrel"
Walk
Purpose: to cultivate a desire to help animals.
P / and "At the bear in the forest."
Purpose: to clarify the idea of the adaptability of predators to obtaining food; nurture curiosity.
D / and “What would we treat the animals
Thursday: Red Book
Purpose: to give children an idea of the Red Book, which warns of the disappearance of animals and plants.
Purpose: to give an idea that nature is a single living organism in which all animals and plants are important.
D / and "Good - bad"
P / and "Bee and Bears"
Purpose: to acquaint children with the work of zoos and reserves for the conservation of rare species of animals.
C / r "Zoo"
Conversation "The Red Book is a symbol of danger"
Walk
Purpose: to expand the understanding of the benefits of plants and animals; develop interest in nature.
P / and "Animals gathered at the edge of the forest"
Purpose: to reflect the knowledge gained by experience, in various types activities (visual, mental, gaming)
Drawing plants and animals
Friday: "Forest - multi-storey building"
Purpose: to give children an idea of the forest as a multi-tiered, multi-storey house, where all plants and animals occupy a certain ecological niche and are in close relationship.
Purpose: to develop a cognitive interest in the life of the forest and its inhabitants, to educate the ecological culture of children.
D / and "Finish the sentence"
Purpose: to consolidate the ability to establish causal relationships between natural phenomena(if insect pollinators of plants disappear, then the plants will not produce seeds).
Introduction to the food chain model
D / and "At the bear in the forest
Walk
Purpose: to cultivate a caring attitude towards plants and animals.
Observation of trees, birds, insects, plants on the site.
Purpose: To teach children to use existing knowledge about nature, establishing
relationships between plants and animals in the forest.
Self-coloring pictures about the forest, plants, animals.
MBOU "Gymnasium of the city of Aznakaevo" Aznakaevsky municipal district RT
Ecological marathon "Earth - the planet of life"
Environmental direction
Design and research work
3rd grade students
Supervisor:
Davletova Venera Asgatovna
Director of the MBOU "Gymnasium of the city of Aznakaevo" A.M. Rakhmanov
RESEARCH METHOD
The study of special literature, the method of processing the results.
PLACE AND OBJECT OF STUDY
Russia, Tatarstan, Aznakaevsky district. Forest
INTRODUCTION
This work contains information about the relationship between man and the forest.
Forest is one of the main types of vegetation cover of the Earth, represented by numerous life forms of plants, among which leading role trees and shrubs play, secondary - grasses, shrubs, mosses, lichens, etc.
Feature forest lies in the fact that the components that form it are connected with each other and with the environment.
The forest is full of life all year round. Birds with their sonorous concerts in spring, thickets of ripe, fragrant raspberries in summer, mushroom meadows in autumn, hare footprints on white snow in winter - all this, as well as many other equally beautiful ones, can be found in the forest. The wonderful Russian writer Mikhail Prishvin said that the forest is never empty, and if it seems empty, then it is his own fault. From the point of view of science, the forest is a special creation of nature - harmonious, beautiful and many-sided. It grows trees and shrubs, mosses and herbs, mushrooms and lichens. Lives in the forest a large number of species of animals, ranging from soil bacteria invisible to the naked eye, all kinds of shrews, beetles, butterflies, and ending with such giants of forest fauna as a wild boar, bison, bear, elk, and in the tropics also an elephant.
But this is far from all that is included in the concept of a natural community - a forest. important and irreplaceable constituent parts forests as a single complex organism are also forest soils, terrestrial and The groundwater, air, sunlight, solar energy. Everything that is alive and dead in the forest is interconnected with each other.
HOW MANY FORESTS ARE ON OUR PLANET?
Currently, forests cover about a third of the land area. The total forest area on Earth is 38 million km². Half of this forest area belongs to, the fourth part is located in. The forest area in Russia is 8.8 million km². Russia has almost 25% of the world's timber reserves and 50% of the world's valuable coniferous forests. The forests of our planet are very different. First of all, they are divided into three main geographical forest zones - the zone of equatorial forests that grow along the equator, the zone of subtropical and tropical forests, and the zone of temperate forests. And still distinguish the main types of forests. There are also three of them - coniferous, deciduous, mixed. It is clear that mixed forests got their name because both deciduous and coniferous tree species coexist in them. In turn, deciduous forests are divided into deciduous and evergreen, i.e. non-deciduous. Evergreen forests are the healthiest and most productive: they produce 80 percent of the Earth's oxygen. All other plants, including green algae from lakes, rivers, seas and oceans, account for only 20 percent of the oxygen produced on the planet. When a person comes to a birch forest in summer, he least of all thinks about how much oxygen the birch produces. But what fun in the forest! How easy it is to breathe! Blue and yellow flowers, as well as dark gray caps of boletus on a light glade, are sweet to the human eye. In Russia, forests are not the same both in different climatic zones and on different soils, in areas with different microclimates and water regimes. You can meet a dark cold spruce forest, and a light larch forest, and a mighty oak forest, or you can get into a honey-bearing linden forest, and into a nut-bearing cedar forest or into a copper-golden pine forest, where butterflies grow best. All forests on Earth work like green factories: in light, sunny days they store solar energy for future use, without which life on the planet would be impossible. In any forest, trees, bushes and grasses act as an intermediary between the Sun and the Earth. Green leaves capture the sun's rays, store solar energy and use it to produce organic products. The main product of the green forest is wood.
When a person heats a stove with birch wood, he heats his house with solar heat, solar energy stocked with green birch leaves.
HOW MANY TIERS ARE IN THE FOREST?
All trees, shrubs, shrubs, grasses, mosses, lichens growing in the forest are divided by scientists into four tiers, or four floors. Plants of one or another tier are combined both in terms of growth and their importance in the forest community. In the forest, the upper tier is the first in a row - it is the highest and most important. The tree species of the upper tier is called forest-forming. In a pine forest, for example, in the first tier, pine dominates - it is the forest-forming one. Linden dominates in the linden forest, birch in the birch forest, oak in the oak forest, fir in the fir forest, larch in the larch forest, alder in the alder forest, and spruce in the spruce forest.
The second forest layer is also formed by trees, but these trees are no longer the main ones in the forest, but accompanying the main species. They are always shorter. In the oak forest, for example, in the second tier, you can find linden, field maple, mountain ash, willow.
The third forest layer is made up of shrubs. In the same oak forest, the third tier is often formed by hazel, honeysuckle, wild rose, euonymus, viburnum.
The fourth tier in the forest is grasses, mosses, lichens, shrubs. Naturally, the question arises: what is the difference between shrubs forming the fourth tier and shrubs growing in the third tier? The difference is determined mainly by the height of the plants. Shrubs are much lower than shrubs. Shrubs sometimes reach a height of six meters, occasionally eight, and shrubs rise above the ground by only five, ten, twenty centimeters, occasionally sixty. Among the shrubs there is, for example, northern linnaea, which always spreads along the ground, never rising up. However, the stems of all shrubs are lignified - this is their main similarity with shrubs. There are not so many types of shrubs in the forests of Russia, they can be counted on the fingers. Among them are blueberries, cranberries, lingonberries, heather, bearberry, wild rosemary. All of them are small in stature, but quite often form dense thickets, especially if there are clearings in the forest.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FORESTS
Forests play an important role in the development of the economy, the improvement of the environment, and the well-being of the people. The following main areas of forest use for economic purposes can be distinguished:
Food source (mushrooms, berries, animals, birds, honey)
Energy source (wood)
Construction material
Raw materials for production (paper production)
Regulator of natural processes (forest planting to protect the soil from weathering)
About 100 species of wild fruit, berry and nut plants grow in the forests of Russia, almost 200 species of edible plants, which are of great value as medicinal and technical raw materials.
The forest is a habitat for most species of animals, they are the breadwinner of animals and humans, giving them nuts, berries, mushrooms, edible shoots, herbs and lichens.
The forest zone is the world's largest hunting ground: squirrel and sable, marten and ermine, beaver and otter, black grouse, capercaillie, hazel grouse - which hunters do not bring from the forests.
In addition, forests are health resorts and places of recreation, a resource of culture and science, landscape decoration, sources of joy and health, aesthetic and environmental education.
Forests play an important role in the water cycle. Forest soils filter water flowing from fields and industrial sites and purify them from many harmful impurities. Forests evaporate moisture into the atmosphere and have a beneficial effect on the climate by increasing the humidity of the air. Deforestation usually leads to the shallowing of rivers, the disappearance of springs, and the drying up of streams. There have long been expressions among the people “Forests are the keepers of waters”, “Forests give birth to rivers”, “Where there is a forest - there is water, where there is water - there is life”, etc.
Soil protection value of forests. Forests dramatically reduce surface runoff. In this way, they prevent the washing away and erosion of soils by ground, melt and rain waters, and act as an important soil protection factor. The forest is a reliable protector of soil from blowing; it fixes the shifting sands. The greatest experience in this respect has been accumulated in agriculture where forest belts are used to protect soil and crops. In summer, forest plantations not only protect the surrounding fields from dry winds, but gradually give them moisture accumulated in winter and spring through groundwater and soil runoff.
A dense network of forest belts can contribute to the carbon value of forests. The main hopes for removing excess carbon from the atmosphere and thereby solving the problem of the greenhouse effect, people associate with forests. It is known that 1 hectare of forest absorbs 6-7 tons of carbon dioxide per year and 5-6 tons of oxygen is released.
Air purifying functions of forests. The forest, figuratively speaking, is the lungs of the planet. Trees are the green factory that restores the vitality of the exhaust air. The better forests grow, the more oxygen they release and the faster they absorb carbon dioxide. It has now been established that more than half of the oxygen in the atmosphere is supplied by forests. In addition to affecting the carbon balance, forests are able to remove other foreign substances from the air. The forest is an excellent biological air filter. It captures ozone from the polluted atmosphere, cement dust, soot, lead, nitrogen oxides and other "products of civilization" that ended up in the atmosphere due to an oversight or imperfection of industrial technology. Subsequently, toxicants enter the soil either with falling leaves or in other ways. There is evidence that 1 kg of leaves can absorb up to 50-70 g of sulfur dioxide, 40-50 g of chlorine and 15-20 mg of lead per season. The unique filtering properties of trees lie in their ability to attract the smallest particles suspended in the air. solid particles. The forest, especially coniferous, emits phytoncides that kill pathogenic microbes and improve the air. In certain doses, phytoncides have a beneficial effect on nervous system human, enhance the motor and secretory functions of the gastrointestinal tract, improve metabolism and stimulate cardiac activity. Phytoncides also have valuable preventive properties. Many of them turned out to be irreconcilable enemies of pathogens of infectious diseases, so there are much fewer of them in the air of forests than over a treeless territory. For example, 1 m of air in a cedar forest contains up to 700 microorganisms. According to scientists, the forest creates zones of moisture concentration above itself, and over it precipitation is 9-30% more than over a treeless area. These precipitations wash away industrial dust.
Climatic and meteorological significance of forests. Forests have a significant impact on meteorological factors. They influence atmospheric phenomena and thus create their own specific environment. It is usually considered as microclimate, ecoclimate and phytoclimate. The change in meteorological parameters also extends beyond the forest. This property is based on the use of forests (most often forest belts) to protect soil, crops, roads, settlements etc.
HOW IS FOREST DAMAGE OCCURRED?
Forest fires. Forest fires have a great negative impact on many forest life processes. During forest fires, the growing forest is damaged or completely destroyed along with the undergrowth, undergrowth and grass cover. In this regard, the source of obtaining wood is lost and the water-protective and sanitary-hygienic properties of the forest are sharply reduced. Fires destroy nests of birds and habitats of animals, promote the reproduction of harmful insects. One of the reasons for the increase in forest fires is a sharp increase in the number of people traveling to the forest for recreation. Cases of fires in the forest are the result of careless and inept handling of fire. Also, fires can arise from spontaneous combustion of peat, sometimes from lightning. World statistics show that about 97% of all forest fires are caused by people. Hence, the fight against forest fires remains one of the most important state tasks.
Forests are damaged by tourists (spoiling trees, shrubs, grass), cars. Mechanical impact causes soil compaction and damages brittle forest grasses.
With soil compaction, the state of tree and shrub vegetation degrades, the nutrition of trees worsens, since the soil becomes drier in high trampled areas, and waterlogged in low areas. Deterioration of nutrition weakens trees, delays their growth and development. The annual growth is noticeably reduced, especially for coniferous trees. Their young needles become shorter. Soil compaction violates its structure and reduces porosity, worsens the conditions for the vital activity of soil microorganisms.
Picking mushrooms, flowers and berries undermines the self-renewal of a number of plant species. The bonfire completely disables the piece of land on which it was laid out for 5-7 years. Noise scares away birds and mammals, prevents them from raising their offspring normally. Breaking branches, notches on trunks and others mechanical damage contribute to the infestation of trees by insect pests. Observations of scientists have shown that a hectare of forest relatively easily tolerates the presence of 1-3 people per day. Staying 4-10 people is already taking its toll on the environment. First of all, the soil cover and young trees begin to suffer.
With an increase in the number of visitors per forest hectare to 16-20 people per day, the soil becomes so compacted that the tops of the trees dry. With such overloads, animals leave the forest, and forest birds stop nesting.
Pest fungi cause great damage to the forest. They live for many years and reach very large sizes. If the fruiting body of the fungus grows on the trunk, the tree is sick. On larch pine there is a fungus that looks like a small hoof - this is a pine sponge. It destroys wood. Trees become infected at the age of 40–50 years, and the older and thicker the stand, the more diseased trees. The fungus infects the lower part of the trunk. And infection begins with a trifle. Children or adults walk through the forest, break a branch or inflict a wound with a knife, sometimes animals gnaw at the bark. The spores of the fungus that are in the air get into such a wound. The fungus needs water to develop from spores. nutrients and air. The tree provides water and food, air enters through the wound. Developing, the fungus begins to destroy the tree from the inside. First, hard rot is formed, then sieve (a cut of a tree looks like a sieve), and later - a hollow.
Grazing. When grazing, young trees die, which are eaten and trampled by livestock, conditions for the growth of adult trees worsen, birds disappear and pests multiply en masse. In forests on mountain slopes, grazing causes soil erosion (erosion). To remedy the situation, grazing in the forests is stopped. Livestock are provided with fodder on hayfields and pastures, the productivity of which is increased by using special methods of improving meadows: 1 hectare of improved meadow in the forest zone provides as much fodder for livestock as 20 hectares of forest provide.
Great harm to forest ecosystems is caused by littering of forests with wood residues during logging or household waste. Heaps of branches, bark, thin trunks, high stumps become breeding grounds for forest pests. Household garbage left in the suburban forest by vacationers, tourists or dumped from cars worsens the aesthetic appearance of the forest, and when heavily littered, it contributes to the replacement of forest grasses by plants of garbage habitats - ruderals (primarily nettles and celandine). To prevent littering, it is necessary to strictly control the implementation of the rules for harvesting wood, use all wood residues for the preparation of particle boards or send them for chemical processing. The branches of coniferous trees are a valuable food; vitamin concentrates are prepared from them. To prevent littering with household waste in forest parks, containers are installed to collect it, and littered forests are cleaned.
FOREST RESTORATION MEASURES
The benefits of forests for humans are not considered narrowly - only as a source of material wealth. Every sane person of the twentieth century understands that in our age of highly developed industry, the forest is necessary for recreation and as a source of new spiritual and physical strength. Forests must exist in order for man himself to exist, for the sake of preserving the great wealth of the animal and plant kingdom for the coming generations of our Planet. Therefore, we need forest reserves, reserves, national parks, resort forest areas protected by law.
What needs to be done to restore forests?
Improve public recreation areas
Do not litter
Plant flowers and trees
Create campfire sites
Install trash bins and signs
Fence existing anthills
Informing the population
Draw firefighting leaflets, make stands
FOREST RESOURCES OF RT
The Republic of Tatarstan belongs to the sparsely forested regions of Russia, the forest cover is 17.4% ( optimal value the share of land for this zone is 25%). There is 0.3 ha of forest area per inhabitant of the republic, while the average for the Russian Federation is 5.3 ha.
There are 30 forestries operating on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, which include 124 district forestries. They carry out a complex of works on the protection, protection, reproduction of forests with the simultaneous sale of forest plantations for timber harvesting. carry out A significant increase in the efficiency and volume of forest use, improvement of lease relations, development of forestry and timber processing infrastructure facilities, creation of favorable conditions for investments in the forest sector is the main task in the field of forest relations.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOREST FUND OF THE RT
The main value of the forests of the Republic of Tajikistan lies in their ecological functions, on which the state of other components depends natural complex- water, soil, atmosphere.
The forests of the Republic of Tatarstan are located in two forest-growing zones: the zone of mixed forests and the forest-steppe zone, therefore they are characterized by both taiga and steppe species of vegetation and animals. Here passes the southern border of the natural distribution of spruce and fir, the northern border of oak and the northeastern border of ash. Forests are administered by the following authorities:
Distribution of areas and stocks of plantations in the Aznakaevsky forestry
2010
2011
Total area, thousand ha
44,4
36,74
including those covered with forest vegetation, thousand ha
40,1
33.6
Reserve, million m3
6,08
During the drought in 2010, 12,000 hectares of forest died in the Aznakaevsky district.
The forest fund is classified as protective and operational forests. Protective scaffolding performing environments protective functions make up 538.0 thousand ha, commercial forests - 688.4 thousand ha. PAs have been identified and taken under protection on an area of 13.4 thousand hectares, including 38 forest natural monuments and natural reserves republican, two federal significance forests of the Volga-Kama State Natural Biosphere Reserve and national park"Lower Kama".
Green zones are allocated around 22 urban and rural settlements on an area of 132.9 thousand hectares. These forests perform recreational functions. With the increase in the number of vehicles among the population of cities in recent years, the forests of the Prigorodny, Zelenodolsk, Nizhnekamsk, Yelabuga, Volga, Laishevsky and other forestry enterprises are being intensively developed for recreation. By groups of species, the forest fund is characterized by the following indicators:
The area occupied by coniferous plantations is 271.1 thousand hectares;
Hardwood plantations - 191.3 thousand hectares;
Soft-leaved - 669.9 thousand hectares;
Shrubs - 7.0 thousand hectares.
4.2. FOREST RESTORATION AND USE OF FORESTS IN RT
Given the importance of forestry production in the Republic of Tatarstan, work was carried out to increase the area of forest plantations, improve the species and quality composition of the forest fund, and increase the protective functions of forests. The scope of reforestation work was carried out on an area of 1916.0 ha, incl. with the planting of protective forest plantations on an area of 1567.0 ha and methods of promoting natural reforestation on 330.0 ha on forest fund lands. Soil preparation for forest crops. completed on an area of 1869 hectares (plan - 1869 hectares). In 2010, with the support of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan R.N. Minnikhanov and the Government of the Republic of Tatarstan, protective forest plantations were laid on an area of 1195.3 hectares on agricultural land. In 2011, this volume of landings is planned to double. In forests that perform water protection, recreational and protective functions, excluded from the calculation of the main use, in order to rejuvenate overmature forests in 2010, gradual selective felling was carried out. Thinning and selective sanitary cuttings were carried out in 2010 on an area of 19.4 thousand hectares. The total stock of wood harvested at the same time amounted to 511.5 thousand m3, 354.8 thousand m3 of marketable wood was harvested. Thinning in young stands was carried out on an area of 8.7 hectares.
CONCLUSION
We believe that when visiting the green house of animals and birds, you need to be able to behave in it in such a way as to become a true friend and patron of nature, and not its destroyer.
RESULTS OF THE STUDY
Rules of conduct in the forest:
Don't leave trash in the forest!
The forest is not a place for a garbage dump, but a house for animals and plants, and this house should be clean.
Keep quiet in the forest!
Don't bring a tape recorder with you. Remember: screaming and loud music are disturbing factors for forest dwellers and they may leave their homes
Don't light a fire in the forest!
Grass does not grow on the fire for several years. In addition, a fire can lead to a forest fire, in which plants and animals can die.
In the forest, walk only on organized paths!
Remember: trampling forest soil leads to a decrease in the oxygen supply to the roots of trees, which is necessary for their respiration.
Don't touch the bird nests!
If you see a nest with eggs or chicks, then try to leave quietly. A disturbed bird can leave the nest, and then the chicks will die.
Do not pick flowers in the forest!
Admire their beauties or photograph them. Plucked plants quickly die and do not produce seeds. If there are no seeds, there will be no flowering plants.
Don't destroy anthills!
Ants on needles, on straws build their house for a long time. Any work must be respected. Ants are the nurses of the forest. They control the number of insect pests of the forest.
LITERATURE
"From the life of the forest" I.N. Balbyshev, pp. 3-5, 152-161, 164-167, St. Petersburg: LENIZDAT, 1990
"General, social, applied ecology" tutorial ON THE. Voronkov, pp. 242, 247-255, M .: Rendezvous-AM, AGAR, 1999
"Ecology of Russia" textbook B.M. Mirkin, L.G. Naumova, pp. 90-94, M.: AO MDS, UNISAM, 1995
"General Review" by V.S. Varlamov, M.F. Green, pp. 123-125, M.: THOUGHT, 1992
"Illustrated Encyclopedia of Forests" Jan Jenik, pp. 11-16, 415-419, Prague: ARTIA, 1997
"Ecology, environment and man" Yu.V. Novikov, pp. 240-260, M.: UNITI, 1998
"Geography" encyclopedia K. Varley, L. Miles, p. 70, M .: ROSMEN, 1995
"State report on the status natural resources and on Environmental Protection of the Republic of Tatarstan, pp. 54-58, Kazan: World Without Borders, 2010
Take care of our language, our beautiful Russian language - this is a treasure, this is a property handed down to us by our predecessors! Treat this mighty weapon with respect.
I. Turgenev
Automate the sound of L.
Print and play!
A game
"Tell me word"
Objectives: to develop auditory attention, a sense of rhyme.
Game progress. We read the poem, the children listen carefully and finish the last word.
Once in deep dark mud
The fishermen were catching fish
And hit them in the net
Evil green ... (crocodile).
The shell is strong, like granite,
He will protect the enemies
And underneath it knows no fear
Slow ... (turtle).
Do you hear the mighty thud?
See the long trunk?
It's not a magical dream!
This is African ... (elephant).
The game "Whose, whose, whose?"
Objectives: to form the grammatical structure of speech (education possessive adjectives from
nouns).
Game progress. Invite the children to look at pictures depicting animals of the north and hot countries and ask
name the characteristics of animals.
For example:
The bear's ears (whose? What?) are bearish, the tail (whose? What?) is bearish.
The seal has a head (whose? what?) ... The paws of the thug (whose? what?) ... The walrus tusk (whose? what?) ... The deer has antlers
(whose? what?) ... The penguin has a beak (whose? what?) ...
"Mersibo"
This is a whole site dedicated to educational games for children from 2 to 10 years old. Each game is thought out to the smallest detail and will allow you to directly develop all the mental processes of the child, speech, reading skills, motor skills, and creative abilities.
The site has easy navigation and a flexible system of discounts for a subscription, as well as all games can be purchased on disks and used at any convenient time, even in the absence of the Internet.
Games for children
Mersibault to specialists
Cognitive speech project "Forest is our wealth!"
Content:
1. Theoretical aspect project:
Topic;
Problem;
Target;
Tasks;
Relevance;
Implementation period;
Members;
Implementation plan;
Expected results.
2. Plan - a scheme for the implementation of project activities.
3. Model of three questions.
4. List of required equipment and materials.
5. List of children participating in the project.
6. System web to the project.
7. Classes, conversations, excursions, experiments, holidays.
8. Consultations.
9. List of references.
10. Applications
(questionnaires, quizzes, diagrams, drawings, photographs, proverbs and poems, riddles, tasks for work, games, pictures, etc. demonstration material.)
Problem:
"Broken chair" - not careful attitude to furniture.
Target:
To convey to the minds of children that the forest is our wealth.
Activate the knowledge of children, teach them to use them in life and work.
Get an idea of how hard it is
"The path of a chair to kindergarten" (an idea of wood as a material for construction).
Tasks:
Teach children to understand that the forest is our wealth.
To acquaint children with wood as a material, the professions of people in the woodworking industry, wood products.
To cultivate emotional responsiveness, the ability to see and understand the beauty of nature, to form aesthetic feelings.
To develop interest in native nature, the desire to learn more about the features of their region, about the natural diversity of the country.
To form a caring attitude towards nature, to induce the desire to protect it from destruction, and, if necessary, restore it.
To cultivate a caring attitude towards the vegetation of the forest, towards its forest inhabitants.
Learn to follow the rules of behavior in the forest, understand the consequences of environmentally illiterate behavior (making fires, destroying trees, collecting plants).
Develop creative abilities (the ability to see "in the usual unusual", make crafts from natural materials).
Relevance:
Trees (forest) purify and moisten the air, create coolness, some give delicious edible fruits. Sawn wood is a building material: boards, plywood, furniture, toys, paper are made from dried trunks. Trees grow slowly, so they need to be protected. It is necessary to protect the trees, take care of them, sometimes talk kindly to them, and in the spring plant young trees together with their parents. Therefore, to protect nature means to protect not only animals, but also its vegetation! Let's save our forests!
Project implementation period: 1 year.
Project participants: children middle group, educators, parents.
Project plan:
Lesson: "The forest is our wealth!", "Examining the pine",
How to recognize a plant
"Trees in our area"
"We are the protectors of nature!",
Forest in human life.
Conversation:
"How the chair appeared in kindergarten",
"Sick Tree"
"A plant is an adornment of the earth (according to proverbs)."
Excursion to the forest:
"Introduction to the trees of our forest."
Excursion to the sawmill:
"Acquaintance with the equipment, professions of people in the woodworking industry, their products."
Reading fiction,
watching videos, cartoons
(A selection of special material on discs).
Slideshow:
"Our Forest"
What does nature give us?
"Wood products", etc.
Observation
“The forest is like a painted tower”,
"Watching the trees in the forest."
Ecological trail "Pine".
Campaign "Save nature".
Entertainment
"Ah yes birch!",
“There was a birch in the field ...”
Experiences:
"Properties and qualities of a tree",
"Floats - sinks."
Individual conversations:
"Thanks and angry nature",
"Little Helpers"
"Woodpecker - the doctor of the forest",
"There's a fire in the forest."
Labor activity:
"Planting a Tree"
Drawing
"Pine",
"Birch",
"Spruce",
"Larch"
(at different times of the year);
Application
"Rowan branch",
"Yolochka",
"Mixed forest";
collective work "Hello, forest,
dense forest full of fairy tales and miracles!
Working with parents:
making crafts from natural materials
"Forest is the pantry of nature";
homework (drawing "My favorite tree", "Wood products")
Questioning (“Environmental education in the family”);
Projects (reports) about trees.
Action "Protect nature" (drawing posters, drawings together with children).
Advice for parents and teachers:
"Healing effects of the sounds of the forest",
About the healing power of cedar.
Making a folder - moving
(information exchange)
Diagnosis of the level of environmental knowledge and skills of pupils under the project.
Presentation - holiday
"In the forest clearing."
Expected results:
To form in the minds of children the concepts of ideals and values, as well as the foundations of nature conservation (forests);
Increasing the level of knowledge on environmental protection;
Formation of motivation for the protection and careful attitude to the resources of nature;
Development of team cohesion
Plan - a scheme for the implementation of project activities
|
Kind of activity |
Target |
|
1. Hood. lit. Reading fairy tales, poems, stories. |
To consolidate the ability to listen carefully and memorize the content of the works; learn to answer questions, replenish children's vocabulary. Learn proverbs and sayings about the forest. |
|
2. Lesson (cognitive) |
Teach children to understand that the forest is our wealth. To acquaint children with wood as a material, the professions of people in the woodworking industry, wood products. To cultivate emotional responsiveness, the ability to see and understand the beauty of nature, to form aesthetic feelings. To develop interest in native nature, the desire to learn more about the features of their region, about the natural diversity of the country. To form a caring attitude towards nature, to induce the desire to protect it from destruction, and, if necessary, restore it. |
|
3. Viewing a video, fairy tales about the forest. |
To continue the formation of ideas about the forest of the native land, its diversity. To acquaint children with the types of trees, properties, characteristics of different species. |
|
4. Excursions to the forest (hike). |
To cultivate a caring attitude towards the vegetation of the forest, towards its forest inhabitants. Learn to follow the rules of behavior in the forest, understand the consequences of environmentally illiterate behavior (making fires, destroying trees, collecting plants). Develop creative abilities (the ability to see "in the usual unusual", make crafts from natural material. Clarify names tree, bush. Get to know the concepts: smooth, prickly, heavy, light, long, short, thick, thin. Show children the variety of colors of autumn, reveal the concept leaf fall. |
|
5. Ecological path "Pine". |
To introduce children to the pine tree, as the main building material of our region. To develop interest in native nature, its vegetation, living world. To trace the relationship of living nature with non-living. Learn to understand the meaning of the forest (using the example of a pine) as part of nature: its role in human life. |
|
6. Observations, experiments. |
Establish a connection between animate and inanimate nature (season - the state of plants), differentiate ideas about growing plants (light, heat, water, earth). Learn to highlight the properties of a tree, compare and draw conclusions. |
|
7. Labor activity:
|
To develop curiosity, diligence, respect for nature, its vegetation, to consolidate and concretize ideas about the forest (trees). To improve labor skills, to form independence. Develop imaginative thinking, memory, creativity. |
|
8. Working with parents:
Topic: "Forest - the pantry of nature!"
Topic: "Healing effects of forest sounds" |
To develop interest in the nature of the native land, to form aesthetic feelings and qualities. Learn to "see and hear" the beautiful in nature. To teach how to write joint stories with children on the topic “the tree that I like”, “How I protect nature”. |
|
9. Project presentation (invitation of parents, competitions, exhibition of works, quiz, poetry reading, singing, round dance). |
To convey to the minds of children that the forest is our wealth. Activate the knowledge of children, teach them to use them in life and work. Build communication skills. To cultivate love for the native land, a sense of pride and patriotism for one's land, one's country, to develop the moral qualities of the individual. |
Model of three questions:
1. What do we know?
Names of some tree species.
Names of building material, furniture.
Riddles and songs about trees.
What gives a person a forest.
2. What do we want to know?
Varieties of trees, types of forest.
How, from what, who makes chairs and other furniture.
The profession of a carpenter, carpenter, woodcarver, forester.
Technique and equipment of people whose work is related to wood (wood).
3. What needs to be done in order to find out?
Ask adults.
Pick up and read information in books and encyclopedias.
Go on an excursion to the forest, plot, sawmill, furniture store.
Look
TV shows,
video materials,
Photo,
cartoons,
documentaries about the forest.
Design a photo album "Our Forest".
Organize an exhibition of crafts made from natural material "Forest - the pantry of nature."
Plant trees in the kindergarten.
Conduct experiments.
System web planning.
1. Art Center
Drawing on the theme "Our Forest".
Modeling on the theme "My favorite tree", "Furniture (chair)".
Application on the theme "Christmas tree elegant on a visit to
came to us."
2.Mathematics Center
Models, diagrams, tables "A little about the forest."
Didactic game "Trees" (account).
3. Center of movement
Mobile game "Trees"
Sedentary game "What first, what then ..."
4. Book center
Reading fairy tales, poems, stories about the forest.
Memorization of proverbs, poems, sayings.
Solving riddles.
5. Game Center
Role-playing games "Walk in the forest", "We will go to the forest for mushrooms", "Furniture store".
Didactic game "First-then" (successive pictures)
Theatrical game-etude "We are the defenders of the forest."
List of necessary equipment and materials for the project.
Didactic games:
"Trees",
"Whose shadow?"
"Collect and Name"
"What branch are the kids from?",
"Find similar shapes"
"Third wheel",
"Little Helpers"
"We protect nature"
"Nature is our friend!"
Handout and demonstration material:
Pictures "Trees", "Leaves", "Fruits of trees";
Scheme of the descriptive story "Tree-Flower";
Cards for individual work (materials from coloring pages);
Cards with puzzles, riddles, proverbs and sayings;
Photos (trees, furniture, toys and other items made of wood);
Cards for compiling a consistent story about a tree;
Pictures (carpenter's, carpenter's, lumberjack's tools);
Trees made of cardboard (plywood);
Wood products of folk craftsmen: nesting dolls, spoons, toys, musical instruments, caskets, dishes, etc. etc.
natural material:
Tree branches: pine, spruce, birch, mountain ash, oak, larch, cedar, poplar;
tree leaves;
Cones of coniferous trees;
Tree cut: pine, spruce, birch;
bark of various trees;
Log;
Stump;
Sawdust;
Shavings;
Sample of processed wood
Equipment:
Projector;
DVD player;
Television;
DVD discs:
"Material - wood" (home encyclopedia);
Slides "What gives us the forest?",
"How to protect nature".
Cartoons:
"Two Maples"
"Whose cones are in the forest?",
"Teremok",
"How the table was carried"
"Wonder Tree"
"Russian fun"
"Golden Linden",
"Tree with Golden Apples"
"Familiar of our Christmas tree",
"Bubble, Straw and Bast Shoes"
"Once upon a time there was a tree ...".
Audio cassettes:
Fairy tale "Beavers and trees";
"Sounds of the Forest"
Theatrical attributes:
Hats for outdoor games and skits: Woodpecker; Spruce; Pine; birch; Maple leaves; Spruce cones;
Table theater based on fairy tales: "Teremok", "Bubble, Straw and Lapot".
Fiction:
Russian folk tales "Bubble, straw and bast shoes", "Teremok";
S. Marshak (from Gianni Rodari) “What do crafts smell like?”;
K. D. Ushinsky “My birch, birch ...”;
K.D. Ushinsky "Woodpecker";
S. Marshak. Where did the table come from?
G. Ladoshnikov. New house.
Z. Alexandrova. Bird Tree.
E.Sokolova. Living tree.
E. Sokolova. Green beauty.
A. Chasovnikov. Lumberjacks.
A. Chasovnikov. Combine.
A. Chasovnikov. Alloyers.
