GCD on acquaintance with the outside world in the middle group “Cold Tale-Legend of Antarctica. GCD on acquaintance with the outside world in the middle group "Tale-legend of Antarctica What is Antarctica for children

cold fairy tale legend of Antarctica.

Target: Form ideas about geographical location, climate, animals of Antarctica, repeat the structural features of birds, conduct an experiment proving the adaptability of animals to their habitat. Cultivate respect for nature. Expand and activate vocabulary. Develop listening skills in children. The ability to know. To consolidate the ability of children to sculpt penguins by passing them characteristics: the shape of the torso, head, based on ideas and previously acquired knowledge. develop attention, logical thinking, cognitive interest, interest in the result of their activities.

Preliminary work:

Examination of illustrations depicting the cold zones of the planet.

Reading books about Antarctica.

Event progress:

Guys today we will learn a lot of interesting things about the coldest place on earth.

I will tell you a fairy tale-legend about Antarctica. We will conduct an experiment and make a collective craft.

Sit comfortably and closer to each other so that it is warmer.

Quiet winter music plays. Winter night light included.

Fairy tale legend. Antarctica.

Thousands of years ago there was a small wonderful island near Antarctica. Fragrant flowers bloomed on it, beautiful birds flew, there was always a rainbow in the sky. And around the island in the ocean floated ice floes and icebergs. And then one day an ice floe nailed to the island, and a barrel lay on it. There was someone inside the barrel. The barrel rolled and squeaked on the ice floe.

Educator: Guys, let's see what's in there.

The game: development of fine motor skills "Find an object and guess."

Target. Develop tactile sensations, stimulate the development of sensory perception, activate active points. Massage of palms and fingertips.

Description of the game. In a barrel with different types an egg is hidden in the croup, and a penguin is in the egg. Children find an egg, guess who is in the egg.

Educator: Guys, let's open the egg and see who hid there!

But first, I'll give you riddles.

1. I'm new from an egg, and I look like a chick.

What kind of bird is my mother?

Where can I find her?

I am not a goose or a peacock.

Guess me. (penguin).

2. Far in the very south,

Where only ice, frost and blizzards,

Without taking off the black tailcoat,

A fisherman jumps into the sea. (penguin).

Continuation…

Suddenly, an egg rolled out of the barrel, and a penguin hatched from the egg.

This is how a small inhabitant appeared on the island.

One day such a blizzard hit the island that everything on the island was swept up.

Breathing exercises:"Winter storm".

Tasks: increase the volume of breathing, normalize its rhythm, develop a smooth, long, economical exhalation. Breathing exercises improve the activity of the respiratory muscles, enhance metabolic and recovery processes. In addition, breathing exercises allow you to develop a strong air stream, which is necessary for proper speech.

Descriptions of gymnastics: Weighs a mobile with snowflakes. Children stand in a circle and blow on snowflakes.

Continuation… .

This winter flew over Antarctica, testing its possessions. Flying over the ocean, she saw an island of unprecedented beauty, where flowers bloomed, birds sang, and there was the most beautiful rainbow. Winter was outraged that her white bedspread suddenly appeared colored paint. She swept the whole island and took the rainbow.

Seeing that winter was taking away the rainbow, the little penguin flew after it. He tried to grab the rainbow with his beak, but he couldn't do it. On the third attempt, he caught the rainbow's tail, but then the winter blew on him, and he flew down into the ocean.

And winter cast a spell, "May the penguins lose their ability to fly and never be able to take to the skies." It will always be cold here and everything is covered with snow.

The ocean is covered in ice

Waves do not rage in it.

He is end to end

Like an icy desert

Kingdom of cold and darkness

Kingdom of Mother Winter.

Fizminutka:

White and black penguins.

Far visible on the ice floes.

Here they are walking together.

It is necessary for order.

Palms outstretched,

And they jumped a little.

Hands slightly raised

And they ran to the mat.

Continuation… .

But then a bird fluttered out of the snowdrift, and, shivering from the cold, quietly uttered magic words: “Let the penguins not fly into the sky, but they will fly into the sea - catch fish, play in the water.” And so that the penguin is not lonely, he will have many friends. They will not freeze, they will have a fur coat that does not get wet and will warm even in the most severe frost. And instead of a stolen rainbow, they will be pleased with a colored curtain.

Educator: Can you guys guess what this curtain is?

Even in summer the snow does not melt

The sun is not strong enough!

Sky rainbow colored

Dress up sometimes!

What is this miracle garment?

This is the northern lights.

Experience-experiment:"Warm coat for a penguin."

Target: stimulate children's interest in experimentation, independent understanding of ongoing processes. To educate the cognitive interest of children in the phenomena and objects around us. To teach children to independently draw conclusions based on the results of the experiment, based on previously received ideas and their own assumptions.

Description experimental experience: Dip cotton balls in oil and dip in water.

Continuation… .

It all worked out that way.

Antarctica has become the coldest place on earth, so winter decided.

On the globe, Antarctica is marked in white, the color of snow, ice, cold. Now there are no flowers, and there are never warm days and rains. Only frosts are cracking, it is snowing, and blizzards are sweeping.

Antarctica, Antarctica! You are cold even in appearance

You are on a colored globe, an icy stain.

But our little penguin remained there, who made friends, as the bird promised.

Penguins play, fish and enjoy the Northern Lights.

So our fairy tale-legend came to an end.

Let's try to make this magical island. We blind the penguins and put them there.

GCD. Modeling.

Target: To acquaint children with plasticine and its properties. To form in children an interest in modeling.

Tasks: to consolidate children's knowledge about animals and birds of Antarctica, about penguins.

develop fantasy, Creative skills, memory. To teach children to sculpt a four-part penguin (head, body, two wings)

develop fine motor skills. Cultivate diligence, perseverance.

Quiet music is playing, the guys are sculpting penguins.

Conclusion:

We now know that penguins are birds and cannot fly. But they dive and swim well and do not freeze. Live in northern latitudes, where there is a magical curtain "Northern Lights".

Ecology

No place in the world compares to the vast white desert, where there are four main elements: snow, ice, water and rocks. The grandeur of its ice shelves and mountain ranges further emphasizes the splendor of nature.

Everyone who comes to the most isolated continent must make a difficult journey or a long flight. Of course, we are talking about Antarctica - a stunning place where all the extremes of our Earth seem to be concentrated. Here are 10 of the most amazing facts about this mysterious continent.

1. There are no polar bears in Antarctica

© John Pitcher/Getty Images Pro

Polar bears do not live in Antarctica at all, but in the Arctic. Penguins inhabit most of Antarctica, but it is unlikely that a penguin will meet a polar bear in natural conditions. Polar bears live in areas such as northern Canada, Alaska, Russia, Greenland and Norway. It's too cold in Antarctica because there are no polar bears. However, in Lately, scientists are beginning to think about how to populate polar bears in Antarctica, as the Arctic is gradually melting.

2. There are rivers in Antarctica

© Meinzahn/Getty Images

One of them is the Onyx River, which carries meltwater to the east. The Onyx River flows to Lake Vanda, located in Dry Valley Wright. Due to extreme climatic conditions, it only flows for two months during the Antarctic summer. Its length is 40 km, and although there are no fish, microorganisms and algae live in this river.

© Mike Epstein / Getty Images

One of the most interesting facts about Antarctica is the contrast between the dry climate and the amount of water (70 percent fresh water). This continent is the driest place on our planet. Even the hottest desert in the world receives more rain than the Dry Valleys of Antarctica. In fact, the entire South Pole receives about 10 cm of precipitation per year.

© Nicolas Tolstoi / Getty Images

There are no permanent residents in Antarctica. The only people who live there for any period of time are those who are part of the temporary scientific communities. In summer, the number of scientists and support staff is about 5,000, while in winter no more than 1,000 people remain to work here.

© Gitte13 / Getty Images

There is no government on Antarctica, and no country in the world owns this continent. Although many countries have tried to claim ownership of these lands, an agreement has been reached that grants Antarctica the privilege of being the only region on Earth that is not ruled by any country.

6. Looking for meteorites

© S_Bachstroem / Getty Images

One of the interesting facts about this continent is the fact that Antarctica is the best place to find meteorites. Apparently, meteorites that hit the Antarctic ice sheet are better preserved than anywhere else on Earth. Fragments of meteorites from Mars are the most valuable and unexpected discoveries. Probably, the speed of release from this planet had to be about 18,000 km / h, in order for the meteorite to reach the Earth.

7. Lack of time zones

© welcomia

It is the only continent without time zones. The scientific community in Antarctica tends to stick to the time that is associated with their native land, or align the time with a supply line that supplies them with food and essentials. Here you can go through all 24 time zones in a few seconds.

8 Animals Of Antarctica

© vladsilver / Getty Images

It's the only place on earth where you can find emperor penguins. These are the tallest and largest of all penguin species. Emperor penguins are also the only species that breeds during the Antarctic winter, while the penguin Adele compared to other species, it breeds in the southernmost part of the mainland. Of the 17 penguin species, 6 varieties are found in Antarctica.

Despite the fact that this continent is also hospitable for blue whales, killer whales and fur seals, Antarctica is not rich in land animals. One of the most large forms life here is an insect, a wingless midge Belgica antarctica, about 1.3 cm long. There are no flying insects due to extreme windy conditions. However, black springtails can be found among the colonies of penguins, which jump like fleas. In addition, Antarctica is the only continent that does not have native ant species.

© Fernando Cortes

The largest land mass covered with ice is Antarctica, where 90 percent of the world's ice is concentrated. The average thickness of ice on Antarctica is about 2133 m. If all the ice on Antarctica melts, the world's sea level will rise by 61 m. But the average temperature on the continent is -37 degrees Celsius, so there is no danger of melting yet. In fact, most of the continent will never get above freezing.

10. The biggest iceberg

© Orla/Getty Images Pro

Iceberg B-15 is one of the largest icebergs on record. Its length is approximately 295 km, its width is about 37 km, and its surface area is 11,000 square meters. km, which is larger than the island of Jamaica. Its approximate mass was approximately 3 billion tons. And after nearly a decade, parts of that iceberg still haven't melted.

Antarctica is the first thing that comes to our mind when we see the land completely covered with ice. It is located in the Southern Hemisphere and is the southernmost continent.

Officially, Antarctica was discovered in 1820 during the Russian round the world expedition under the direction of Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev.

Only 2% of the mainland is visible land, the rest of the surface is covered with ice, which contains 70% of all fresh water on the planet.

Animals living in Antarctica have been able to adapt to cold climatic conditions, mainly penguins and seals.

Algae, bacteria, fungi and some plant species coexist next to them. The height of the ice cover covering Antarctica reaches 2040 meters, which is more than 2.5 times the average height of the surface of all other continents. Near the South Pole, the thickness of the ice cover reaches almost 4000 meters.

icebergs

The largest, tallest and largest icebergs in the world have been found in Antarctica. In addition, B-15, which is the largest iceberg in the world and is 295 km long and 37 km wide, is also found in Antarctica.

Conditions similar to Mars

Antarctica has been declared to be similar to Mars in terms of climate and many other factors. Here, just like on Mars, there is a long darkness, no natural resources, and some dry valleys of Antarctica resemble the landscapes of Mars. The conditions are so similar that scientists from the National Science Foundation and NASA are using Antarctica as a model for Mars, testing technologies and models of machinery that will soon be sent to Mars.

Only 2 seasons

Antarctica is considered the driest, coldest and windiest place on Earth. The lowest recorded temperature is -89.4 C, and the average temperature is -34.4 C. Antarctica is considered the largest desert, as it is practically devoid of precipitation. In addition, there are only two seasons - winter and summer. During the 6 summer months, the sun shines in Antarctica, 6 winter months she spends in the dark. It is in winter that the size of the mainland increases, and in summer it decreases.

Unique biodiversity

Antarctica is home to many other animals that can only be found here. So, lives only on this mainland. The most famous inhabitants of Antarctica are penguins, seals and seals - here is the largest population of these animals. The emperor penguin is the only species that breeds in winter. Blue whales living in the waters of Antarctica are larger in size than blue whales living in other seas.

No economy

There is tourism in Antarctica, but it is possible only on the very outskirts of the mainland. In addition, fishermen also catch fish only near the shores. Several research stations are based in Antarctica, but they deal exclusively with scientific activity. There is an "Antarctic dollar", but it has no legal force and therefore cannot be used as a currency.

No governments

Antarctica is considered a zone free from any kind of property. Many countries tried to establish their rights to this mainland, but did not receive any recognition. Antarctica is a politically neutral land and can only be used for scientific purposes.

human life

Antarctica is a continent without a population, as the temperature is low and heavy climatic conditions not suitable for permanent residence. On the mainland, you can meet only tourists and scientists. In 1978, seven families were sent to the mainland by the Argentine government to test the possibility of survival on this land. Emilio Marcos Palma is the first boy born on the very outskirts of the Antarctic Peninsula, and Solveig Jacobsen is the first girl born on the mainland. On King George Island, near Bellingshausen station, the Russian Orthodox Church was built.

The best place for meteorites

Antarctica is the most the best place for the study and study of meteorites. The first meteorite was discovered in 1912. Today, Antarctica is recognized as a natural gallery of various types of meteorites.

There is no standard time

In Antarctica, it is impossible to set a standard time, so scientists living at the stations follow the clock rhythms of their country.

Global warming

Antarctica is facing serious consequences of global warming and ozone depletion. If the melting of the ice sheet continues at this rate, one far from perfect day, water will flood the entire Earth. Global warming and ozone depletion is also causing the extinction of penguins and many other Antarctic species. Thus, we must take measures that will help reduce ozone depletion and prevent global warming.

Antarctica was discovered much later than other continents, and Russian sailors were the first to sail to it, almost 200 years ago. Antarctica translates literally from Greek as "the opposite of the Arctic". You can get there by plane or icebreaker-ship, which knows how to make its way through the ice.

Situated Antarctica at the South Pole of the Earth. This continent is the realm of eternal cold. It is covered with a thick layer of ice. And the waters of the Indian and Pacific oceans splash around. In Antarctica, the climate is very cold, it can be cold up to minus 90 degrees.

I could live in Antarctica permanently, probably only The Snow Queen– she would have liked ice cliffs and snow-covered deserts. But ordinary people it is hard enough in such conditions. Therefore, they come here for a very short time - in scientific expeditions: explore air and water, look for minerals - substances that help make life easier for a person. Interestingly, the most "summer" month here is February, so just at this time, scientists come here for their shifts.

Exploring such a harsh continent is not for the timid.

However, some living creatures and plants in Antarctica are quite comfortable. Tiny islands of land protruding from under the ice are covered with mosses and lichens, seals and elephant seals bask in the rookeries, penguins walk importantly among the snowy deserts. By the way, only in Antarctica are found emperor penguins, they differ from others in that they are much larger and taller than their counterparts.

Emperor penguins are native to Antarctica. It's amazing how they could adapt to life in such a cold.

At the end of the last century, Russian scientists discovered an ice-free lake under the ice in Antarctica and named it "East", it is the largest, in total there are more than 140 subglacial lakes.

In 2000, an iceberg broke away from the ice shelf, which is the largest iceberg that exists in our time, its area is 11,000 square meters. km., length 295 km., and width - 37 km., rises above sea level by 30 meters.

There are also active volcanoes on the continent. The most famous of them is Erebus, that is, "a volcano guarding the path to the South Pole."

This is what Erebus volcano looks like from a bird's eye view

Here is such a mysterious, snowy and impregnable Antarctica!