What is the story about Ilya Muromets.
Ilya Muromets is a real, not fictional, person, which distinguishes an epic from a fairy tale. According to legend, he was born in the small village of Karacharovo, near the city of Murom. Ilya was the only son of middle-aged parents - simple peasants. He sat for thirty-three years without leaving his house, unable to rise from his seat. He would have sat in the seat further, but fate prepared a different path for Ilya ... Elders passed through the village of Karacharovo, kaliks passers-by, thanks to whom Ilya became the defender of Russia. Having drunk the charmed water and taking the first step, Ilya, one might say, accomplished his first feat - defeating himself, his fears and doubts. On the way to the "capital city of Kiev", to the palace of Vladimir the Red Sun, Ilya single-handedly defeats an entire army that besieged Chernigov. Despite the persuasion of the inhabitants of the city to become the governor of Chernihiv, Ilya decides to continue his journey to Kiev. He defeated the enemies not for the sake of reward, but out of compassion for the besieged people. Having helped the people of Chernigov, Ilya continues on his way, following his destiny: to fight evil. Any hero would not be such if he did not have to make heroic deeds, punishing different villains. The first of them, with whom Ilya Muromets had to fight, was the Nightingale the Robber. If the image of Elijah personifies good power, then the Nightingale the Robber is the concentration of evil power. Unlike the hero-hero, the image of the Nightingale is completely fictional, fabulous. It absorbed the concerns of the Russian people, who at the end of the 10th - beginning of the 11th centuries had to resist the raids of the steppe nomads. “The villain whistles like a nightingale, screams like an animal, and from the whistling of a nightingale and from the cry of an animal, the grass of the ant has withered all over, the azure flowers are crumbling, dark forests are leaning to the ground, and people are lying dead! ”- in these words one can hear the breath of the steppe wind-dry wind, bringing death and devastation. Having defeated the Nightingale the Robber, Ilya brings the captive villain to Kiev. I really like the episode when, at the insistence of Prince Vladimir, Ilya orders the Nightingale the Robber to “hang half a whistle” and all the boyars, and the prince himself, begin to hide out of fear. In my opinion, in this episode, the Russian people, who passed the epic from mouth to mouth, reflected their attitude to power and the opinion that no ruler can protect his state without the support of the people. Ilya Muromets accomplishes his exploits not for the sake of a princely award, but for the sake of Mother Russia. In serving the Russian people, he finds his calling. That is why, finding himself at the crossroads of three roads, he goes in the direction that prophesies death. But the mighty hero "death in battle is not written." “The old Cossack Ilya Muromets turned his horse and went to the capital city of Kiev to carry out military service, fight with enemies, stand for Great Russia and for the Russian people! » With these words, one of the retellings of the epic about Ilya Muromets and the Nightingale the Robber ends. But in fact, this is not the end, but only the beginning of the military path of the legendary hero, whose destiny is to always fight evil, embodied in different guises. choose one of these...
Our younger heroes, which include Ilya Muromets, have supernatural power, this power has limits and does not burden its owners. They apply this force to the cause: they serve native land, fight with its enemies, external and internal. They are "assigned" to some city, usually to Kiev. They are no longer demigods, but humans.
Ilya Muromets is the favorite hero of the people. This is an ideal personality, in which the best features of the national character are expressed, by studying him, we can find out our national ideals.
There are many epics about him, and they tell his whole life. Until the age of thirty, Ilya Muromets did not control his legs and sat in his father's hut. Healed him and gave him strength passers-by elders, who ordered him to drink three cups.
Ilya's first feat in healing is a good deed, helping his parents: he goes to the field where they worked, and during their sleep clears the field of roots and stones. Having obtained a horse for himself, Ilya asks his father for blessings - to go to Kiev to Prince Vladimir to serve the Russian land.
Ilya turns out to be a loving and respectful son - one of the main features in his character, this feature is also inherent in our other heroes. It testifies to the strength of the family principle in ancient Russian life. Ilya's father, the peasant Ivan Timofeevich, blesses his son. Kindness, ascending to generosity, is the main feature of his moral image, where possible, there he spares the enemy as well. Closely related to this is self-control and calmness, also its characteristic features.
All the exploits of Ilya Muromets are sedate and thorough, and everything in him is sedate. He is not for the shedding of blood, and, where possible, shirks from striking. Peace never leaves him. In this hero, despite terrible force, sees even more strength of mind. Of the various cases when Ilya generously spared the enemy - a meeting near heroic outpost with Falconer-hunter. Ilya threw the enemy, who entered into battle with him and knocked him to the ground, under the clouds, but took pity on him, did not let him break, but caught him in his arms. According to Ilya's questions, Sokolnik turns out to be his son (Ilya once left for a foreign land and got married there). This epic is reminiscent of an episode from the poem about Rustem and Zorab, their fight. Rustem corresponds to Ilya, Zorab - to Sokolnik, just like in our epic, the son initially wins, then the father. But Rustem does not spare Zorab, but insidiously kills him.
Ilya accomplishes many feats, fights against the enemies of the Russian land. In addition to the indicated properties of character, these feats also express other properties: courage, self-confidence, selflessness, lack of love of power, the ability to defend one's human dignity, selfless love for the Motherland, hatred of enemies. When, on his first trip from home to Kiev, he liberated Chernigov from the Tatars besieging him, he refused the gifts that the Chernigov people brought him, and refused the offer to be their governor. He did not want to take a ransom for the Nightingale the Robber, which was offered to him by the Nightingale's wife. Ilya is pious, as all our heroes are pious. Heading to Kiev, he wants to be in time for matins.
A wonderful epic about Ilya Muromets and Pogan Idolische. It is distinguished by the moral highness of its content: Idolishche is here a representative of brute, purely animal strength - he boasts of his size, that he eats and drinks a lot. Ilya laughs at him for such boasting. Ilya in this song is a representative of spiritual strength, moral strength.
Most likely, Ilya Muromets is a certain collective image Russian man, a true defender of his native land.
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Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber.
Ilya Muromets gathered in the glorious Kiev-grad to Prince Vladimir. He reached the city of Chernigov, but he does not know the road from Chernigov to Kiev. He asks the peasants of Chernigov: - Where is the direct path to Kiev?
The peasants of Chernigov answer him:- The road, good fellow, is straight to Kiev, but you can’t drive along it - along the way By the Smorodina River the Nightingale the Robber sits on an oak tree. He screams, villain, like an animal, and whistles like a nightingale. From his cry, from his whistling, flowers and grasses crumble, forests bow to the ground, people fall dead. You better go to Kiev on the side. Even further, but safer. Ilya was not afraid of a terrible story. I went on a straight road. The Nightingale the Robber saw him from an oak tree from afar. How it will scream like an animal, how it will whistle like a nightingale! From that cry, from his whistle, the horse under Ilya began to stumble. The bogatyr whipped him with a whip. “What, whistling, screaming, didn’t you hear?” And he took up his bow. He pulled the bowstring, put on a red-hot arrow, and shot an arrow at the Nightingale. The arrow hit the robber right in the eye. The Nightingale fell from the oak to the ground. Ilya Muromets fastened him to his damask stirrup and drove on. He arrived in glorious Kiev-grad to Prince Vladimir. He left the horse with the Nightingale in the yard, he goes to the porch himself. They led him to the prince in the dining room. The hero bowed in all directions. Vladimir began to ask him: - Where are you from, good fellow? What is your name, called by your homeland? The hero answered: - I am from the city of Murom, Ilya, son Ivanovich. And I came here by a direct road past the city of Chernigov, past the Smorodina River. Prince Vladimir was surprised. He says: - Oh, do not lie, good fellow! Nobody walked there, didn’t ride a horse, the gray wolf didn’t roam, the black raven didn’t fly by: after all, there, by the river near Currant, the Nightingale the Robber sits on an oak! chained. The prince rushed into the courtyard, the servants and the guests followed him. They really see: the Nightingale the Robber hangs chained on a horse. Ilya Muromets ordered him: - Whistle in half a nightingale's whistle, cry out in half a cry of an animal. whistle! The domes on the towers buckled, the frames in the windows fell apart, and people all around lay down dead. Prince Vladimir himself took cover with a fur coat on his head, ran away from the porch into the upper room. Then Ilya Muromets sat on his good horse, he drove the Nightingale to an open field and cut off his wild head there.
