Cubes for all (kv). Nikitin's cubes - a method of teaching logical thinking Cubes for child development
Game description
We bought these cubes at the store a long time ago. We, adults, tried to complete the tasks, but ... it was not there. With great difficulty, we managed to master only one thing - to put a cube out of all 7 figures. And these cubes were forgotten for many years. The children grew up, we came up with different games and soon found that children are far superior to us adults in the ability to solve such problems. The older guys found these forgotten cubes, quickly solved all the tasks and began to come up with new ones. The kids immediately joined them. I had to urgently make several more of the same sets of large and small cubes, and the hobby swept over the whole family. The kids preferred to build simpler models from 2–3 figures, the older ones preferred more complex ones, from 4–5 or even from all 7.
To put together an interesting model, it was necessary to tinker with the cubes for a long time and hard. Therefore, everyone rejoiced at each successful model, and in order not to forget it, they sketched it. A difficulty arose: how to distinguish each figure in complex model? Where, what and how is the figure placed?
I had to paint all 7 figures in different colors. Six in the main ones, and the seventh figure was left white so that when drawing on paper, it did not have to be painted. Now everyone, even the smallest ones, could both sketch their model and paint over all the figures in it with the appropriate color. The model is thus preserved.
The models turned out to be different - and strict geometric shapes in the form of a cube or parallelepiped, and could resemble houses, cars, figures of animals and people, or simply represent interesting symmetrical structures. So the idea to make a new game was born. After a few months, several hundred drawings of new models accumulated, of which we selected 70.
The game teaches to think in spatial images (volumetric figures), the ability to combine them and is much more complex than games with ordinary cubes. Apparently, that's why schoolchildren are so partial to her.
How to make a game
27 identical dice are required to make the game. Of these, 7 figures are glued, different in shape: the first figure of 3, and the rest of 4 cubes each (Fig. 45).
Rice. 45
When gluing, pay attention to the accuracy of the edges. After the glue has dried, sand the planes so that the figures fit snugly against each other when folded, and slightly round the ribs with sandpaper (0.5 - 1 mm). Color Figure 1 green color, 2 blue, 3 yellow, 4 black, 5 red, 6 white and 7 brown.
To store the figures, make a cardboard box with a lid measuring 3x5x2 cubes, i.e. if the edge of the cubes is 30 mm, then the box is 95x155 mm and 60 mm deep. In such a box, not 27, but 30 dice can fit, so it will be easier to put the figures after the game, since there will also be an empty place for 3 dice.
Carefully consider the tasks for the game (Fig. 46).
Rice. 46 
Rice. 47 
Rice. 48 
Rice. 49 
Rice. 50 
Rice. 51
If your child still does not know how to read, does not know the numbers and will not be able to focus on a particular drawing, then in this case it is better to draw individual tasks on sheets of thick paper and then these tasks can be grouped into their series, for example, KV-1, KV- 2. For convenience, each manufactured series can be folded into a separate envelope or paper bag and write the name of the game and the name of the series on it.
The KV-1 series is the simplest, it is needed for the first acquaintance with the game and in order to teach kids to recognize figures by shape and color, and later by numbers. The task numbers from 1 to 7 coincide with the numbering of the figures, only they are set differently than in Fig. 45. This is done so that parents can make sure that the baby recognizes the figurine and understands how to put it on the table.
It is assumed that, looking at the task, the kid will build models from the figures - copies of the drawn ones. At first, of course, the simplest ones, and then, growing up and becoming smarter, more and more complex, until they even overcome the KV-7 series. And for the baby, only drawings-tasks will be needed. If he cannot cope with any task, then he will postpone it and take on another, third, or even postpone the game for a while.
How to play
The rules of the game in "KB" are similar to the rules of the game "Unicube". Having put a drawing-task in front of him, the kid builds exactly the same model from the figures as the one drawn. Having built one, he moves on to the next, more complex one, and so on.
In fact, the kid here has to solve two problems at the same time: firstly, choose only 2–3 out of 7 figures (or more if the model is complex) that are necessary to build the model; secondly, to give these figures the position they occupy in the model, that is, to connect them and put them in the model.
The first part is, therefore, a mental analysis of the drawing-task - into what figures it can be divided, and the second is a synthesis, first mental, and then objective. By forcing the child to continuously engage in such analytic-synthetic activity, and even at the “ceiling” of his abilities, i.e. to strain to the limit, the game quickly develops in him what is usually called quick wit and which in reality is, perhaps, the most main feature every creative mind.
But building models according to task drawings is a relatively simple, preparatory part, laying the foundation for the main, creative work. It begins from the moment when the child begins to invent and add new models that are not in the book. This is what parents can and should really admire, this must be supported and encouraged in every possible way. Figures for the game have almost inexhaustible possibilities of various combinations and allow you to make a huge number of different models or different options the same model. For example, you can put all 7 figures in a cube according to task 61 in several dozen ways.
The kid can be asked to first make models from only 2 figures, for example, from the 1st and 2nd, 1st and 3rd, from the 1st and 4th, etc. And then put the 1st figure aside and apply to the 2nd all the other figures in turn. Some of these models may seem beautiful, interesting, reminiscent of something to you or a child; for example, model 39 resembles a sofa, model 47 resembles a robot, model 64 resembles a giraffe, etc. Such interesting models, of course, must be preserved and, therefore, sketched.
To do this, you need to give the child a box of colored pencils of 6 pieces and a special notebook in a cage, on which you or the kid will write: “For Vanya’s new models ...” It’s good if it contains several pages for models of the KV-2 series (from 2 figures), the following are for models of the KV-3 series, and so on for each series. By sketching new interesting models and marking the date, you can observe how the baby is developing. When he starts to fill the section for the KV-7 series, then we can consider that his development is quite high.
To develop a child's interest in the game, one must try to follow the rules of the game, which are mentioned at the beginning of the book, and come up with new ones. For example, in this game, difficult for adults, a child can get carried away inventing new models, and then compiling tasks for adults.
Let the kid himself sketch a new model, and then make only its outline. Adults do not need to be embarrassed, let them take the box with the game as seriously as a kid, put a “new task” in front of them and try to fold the model. And let the child play the role of a senior, teaching and controlling. Nothing if he puts a clock or a stopwatch in front of him and measures who is faster, dad or mom, coped with his own task.
The game process of teaching a child has long established itself among the developers of educational materials. Fascinating tasks develop logic, concentration, perseverance in the child, form a craving for knowledge. In this article, we will take a closer look at one of the popular educational children's games - Nikitin's cubes.
Raising a child "in Nikitinsky"
O large family Nikitins became known in the 50s of the last century. Their neighbors were surprised that at the age of 3 the children were already familiar with the principles of arithmetic and were tempered in the winter on a par with adults. Boris and Elena Nikitin laid down the basic principles of pedagogy, explained how to shape a child into a harmonious personality gravitating toward knowledge. What is included in their principles of education?
- Independence of development - you cannot constantly patronize a child, force him to engage in the activities you have chosen, strive to subjugate all his time.
- Freedom of creativity - there is no need to strain the child with lessons, training, to force them to do it "under duress". Let the child work as much as he wants and can.
- Sports atmosphere - sports equipment should be available in the house, a place for sports should be allocated. It becomes a natural environment for children, like a sofa or a playground outside. They grow physically strong and healthy.
- Parental involvement - you can not remain indifferent to the success of the child, you need to gently push him to gain knowledge and praise, but stick to the golden mean, keeping the first point in mind.
Based on these simple principles, Nikitin's teachers invented educational games - sets of cubes that are suitable for almost all children. before school age, at a discount to their physical and mental development.
game develops logical thinkingFeatures of the dice game
The essence of the methodology of these intellectual games is the absence of imposing rules. The child is smoothly involved in the atmosphere of activity with the help of older brothers and sisters or parents. Then their participation is minimized, and the child is engaged independently. The kid begins to perform tasks, over time they become more complicated, but he himself must find solutions, tips are unacceptable. In the absence of progress, it is necessary to return to easier options. If this method does not help, you need to temporarily take a break from the game. This technique develops in the child independence in decision-making, makes him think logically and look for answers to questions without the help of outsiders. Nikitin's dice games have fundamental principles.
- Tips are not allowed. Gestures, meaningful looks and words are taboo. Only in this way will the child learn to act independently.
- The child should be given as much time as needed to solve the problem. It is forbidden to demand to solve faster or skip the current one.
- The finished kit involves variations. Based on the initial set, the elders themselves can come up with new tasks for the baby.
- Praise child. Let him feel the taste of victory even when performing elementary tasks.
- Don't let your child get overwhelmed with play. If you see that he is too carried away, it is better to set aside limited time for classes so that interest does not fade.
- Do not make offensive remarks, do not insult the child with the phrases: “What a stupid you are!”, “It's elementary!”
- Try to complete the task yourself before increasing the difficulty level for the child.
- Take forced breaks and return to simple options if you notice that the child is not coping. Interest covers the kids in “waves”. If you take a long break, "accidentally" show the game to guests or offer to play with a friend.
- In a large family, each kid should have his own set.
- Keep a success diary. Keep track of task completion time, number of successes and failures, and keep a record of personally completed exercises.
- The game should be in an accessible but non-obvious place. Let the child remember it, but do not mix with other toys and do not lose.
- The atmosphere of the game is relaxed, easy. If your child craves physical activity, do not interfere with this.
- There is a limited selection of tasks in the ready-made set. If the child has mastered everything, start an album in which you will draw independently invented schemes and give them to the child to complete.
- Diversify the game with your own rules. It can be a competition for the speed of folding a pattern or another competitive way to solve problems that will bring a touch of freshness to the game atmosphere.
At what age can cubes be used?
Parents often ask: “At what age should I start classes?” It is impossible to give an exact answer to the question. Someone is ready to master the set at 1.5 years, someone fails to complete tasks at the age of 3 years. It all depends on general development the baby, the atmosphere of education, the characteristics of his health and the ability of specific parents to interest the child in a hobby. Theoretically, you can start working with a child using the cube method, starting from six months. If he doesn't get carried away, temporarily put the game aside and try again later. For the youngest, involvement comes through interesting history, fairy tales. Fantasize together, come up with “names” for the drawings. From the beginning of classes, the difficulty increases. Up to school age, the child is interested in performing developmental tests.
Description of the main types of cubes
fold the pattern
The simplest game set of 16 identical dice. The size is small - 3 cm. Their faces are painted in different colors. Their shape is a triangle or a square. If you wish, you can make a set yourself by reading the relevant literature and having minimal creative skills. Suitable for small children from 1.5 years old, as they may be interested in bright colors right off the bat. The second name is Nikitin puzzles. Initially, the child is given the task of laying out a specific pattern from the cubes, then vice versa - to draw a picture into which the parts have formed. The overestimating stage is to come up with your own version of the ornament and depict it, along the way explaining what he wants to sketch. Start with 2-4 cubes, gradually increasing the amount.
This game captivates almost all children without exception. Imagination, fine motor skills develop, the frontal lobes responsible for creative thinking. The child masters the skills of analyzing and systematizing the material, learns to distinguish between relative categories, learns colors. An album for notes and drawings is additionally purchased for the game.
Fold the square
It is based on a puzzle in which several pieces of different colors need to be folded into a square. It was not even given to some adults, so Nikitin modified it into a simpler one. You can play from 2 years old. On A4 plywood there are 12 cubes inserted into the windows. There are 3 categories of difficulty. The initial one is to make 4 simple squares. To do this, the baby needs to be shown how one figure is obtained from several halves. Then he begins to perform tasks on his own. The difficulty level increases gradually. Tasks contribute to the development of logic, the ability to split the main goal into small ones that contribute to its achievement.
Unicube
The game introduces the baby to three-dimensional space. In the process, he learns to assemble complex three-dimensional figures. First level- the simplest geometric (parallelepiped, trapezoid), more complex - animals, houses. The set contains 27 hexagonal cubes with multi-colored cuts. You can offer to play, starting from 1.5 years. A child can be easily taught color classification and perception. For example, to propose to build a blue road with a yellow sidewalk and arrange a competition in the speed collection of solid figures. The most difficult tasks are not amenable to some adults. This is one of the best exercises for spatial thinking and self-control, which will prepare the child for the future development of geometry in school.
Cubes for everyone
There are 27 identical cubes in the set, interconnected in different ways to form 7 figures. One figure consists of 3, the rest of 4 each. They are different in shape and painted in different colors. In the training manual, tasks are proposed, according to which the figures must be combined into various models similar to geometric shapes, houses, cars, animals. You are encouraged to come up with your own connection options. Young children like to build figures from 2-3 parts, older children - from more. Constantly engaging in such activities, the child activates the thought process. Building figures according to the proposed drawing is a simple task, but coming up with your own model is more creative. She lays the foundation for creative thinking develops the imagination. Let your child be imaginative. Let him tell you what this or that model looks like. Write down and draw interesting and funny associations.
Fractions
The recommended age to start playing is 3 years old. To perform complex tasks, knowledge of simple arithmetic is required. Includes 3 plywood. Each has 4 colored circles. The first is a whole circle, the second is 2 equal halves, the third is 3 parts, the last is divided into 12 parts. Combining them, the child repeats colors, learns the basics of counting, compares shares, combines. With the help of the game, kids are taught new words - “quarter”, “half” (depending on the drawings on the board). Older children can be instilled with mathematically correct names - “one-half”, “three-quarters”. When applying most of the cubes to a smaller one, the child learns to compare shares. By empirically laying out the parts, the child establishes a “more-less” connection. All learned concepts must be recorded in a journal.
bricks
With the help of the game, children comprehend the basics of drawing, spatial thinking develops. There are 8 pieces of wood or plastic in the set. There are 30 tasks in the album. According to the drawings, the child builds models from cubes. Elementary ones are suitable for children of 4 years old, the most difficult ones will be able to solve for school-age children. The game has three options for execution: fold the figure according to the drawing, transfer the drawing of the figure to paper and build your own version, depicting its drawing. The set will prepare the child for school subjects geometry and drawing. It is a kind of "gymnastics for the mind", it makes even adults puff on tasks.
How to choose a set for your child?
Do not rely on the advice of friends and relatives in this matter. Each child is a unique individual. See what interests him the most. If he is already "addicted" to some kind of game, do not impose a different look on him until he himself shows interest. The main thing is to take into account the age of the child (the complexity of the tasks is proportional to the number of years) and his psychological and physical development. Try taking your child to the store and show him the kits. If he is interested in a specific one, it is better to buy it. Allow the child to complete an elementary task, praise the child so that he feels pride and desire to complete more complex quests.
In the article, we introduced you to an important educational game - Nikitin's cubes. If you want your child to develop faster than their peers, grow up with a craving for knowledge and independence, make discoveries every day, purchase these sets for him or make them yourself. Follow the pedagogical recommendations during the games and you will be proud of your child!
From birth, a baby is ready to perceive the world, to memorize information. The main source of this is the parents. If they begin to pay attention to the child by reading to him, talking to him, playing games, then soon the children will begin to imitate mom, dad.
Child development with Nikitin cubes
Boris Nikitin's unique technique was developed for children and their parents. Their whole wonderful family invented the Nikitin Cubes, which help their seven children and many other kids develop. This groundbreaking discovery amazed the whole world. The technique turned out to be effective.
Benefits of educational games
1. Memory is trained, which will help in adulthood child.
2. The kid will learn to react quickly, to think, which will allow him to make the right decisions.
3. Persistence develops, and the child will learn to gradually move towards the goal.
4. Knowledge of the surrounding world will expand, imagination, a sense of symmetry develop.
5. The child is prepared in advance for school with the help of games where you need to read, count.
6. Nikitin's cubes not only have a good effect on the development and motor skills of children, but also help to strengthen the relationship between them and their parents.
Variety and methods of teaching children
Designed for playing sets of wood "Fold the pattern" (16 pcs.). These multi-colored Nikitin cubes allow the child to fantasize and make patterns. A notebook is added to the game so that he can record his discoveries.
Also, a set of "Unicube" with different colored faces (47 drawings) was invented. Children will be happy to build original structures in the form of geometric shapes. This will develop. You can also play Nikitin's "Fold the Square" cubes. The child learns to add figures, which will help in the field of geometry and algebra. Also appeared on sale cubes "Architect", "Fractions", "Seguin's Box".
How to get kids interested in games
Of course, all logic games will be a pleasure if patient parents help to develop a passionate interest in this activity in the child. It is necessary that the baby be at least a little assiduous, patient, like mom and dad. A child will be able to get carried away when he sees interest in this type of entertainment in the eyes of his parents. Every good father and mother wants their baby to become quick-witted, have an imagination, a love of learning. You can be sure that Nikitin's cubes contribute to the versatile development of children. And, subsequently, not a single person will regret that he paid attention to children, since the reward for this will be pride in them. After all, society loves the educated, interesting people. Just this will contribute to the considered methodology. In addition, these games stimulate creative and intellectual thinking. And the little man will learn to create unique ideas in adulthood, he will become insightful. With the help of games, you can instill confidence in the child, as children are often critical of their abilities.
Reminder for parents
It is important not to rush parents to help solve puzzles, let the child think on his own, learn entrepreneurship, activity. The training system presents tasks in various forms: drawings, drawings, schemes. It must be remembered that the games have many levels for different ages of children. You should not drive the child, scold if he does not succeed as quickly as the older baby or the parent. Experience comes with time. So that development does not slow down, one should not make huge demands on the child.
How to play Nikitin's cubes?
There are 8 unpainted bricks, a notebook with samples. The child needs to build a structure that is offered in the sample. In order for everything to work out successfully, he needs to slowly, carefully consider the drawings, imagine the figures in his thoughts and complete the task. Over time, when progress is noticeable, you can entrust him with tasks and more difficult. You can play a game that will form spatial thinking, i.e. the child will be able to distinguish between flat and spatial forms, analyze and create images in solving some problems. The game "Dice for All" just develops these skills. From the cubes, parents make up a fairy tale-mystery, and the children, listening and observing carefully, answer the question. You can invent anything: different animals, birds, pyramids, houses. Here the imagination of the parents also plays a role. Now we know the answer to the question of how to play Nikitin's cubes. But what if there is no way to buy them in the store? Even this can be resolved if you stock up on mom and dad with patience and perseverance. We offer to build such wonderful cubes on your own.
DIY Nikitin's cubes
You need to be inspired by the idea of the Nikitin family and make or buy ordinary cubes. If something is drawn on them, it is advisable to first soak them briefly in water to separate the paper and glue. Size - about 4 by 4 cm. Then you need to prepare cardboard: red, white, blue and yellow (each with 24 squares). It is necessary to paste over the cubes with them: white in front, blue on the right, red on the left, yellow on the back, blue and yellow on top, red and white on the bottom. To prevent all this from peeling off, we suggest wrapping the cubes with tape. Everything! You can start having fun.
Developing Nikitin cubes will help parents develop thinking, memory, attention in children. These intellectual games encourage kids to think and develop, which will bring good results in work, family, life.
Many, of course, have a question: where to buy Nikitin's cubes? They can be purchased in regular stores, the Internet. Some stores even offer free shipping. The cost of the considered logic game ranges from 200 to 1000 rubles - depending on the complexity of the products and the material from which the set is made. Nikitin's wooden toys will captivate not only small children, but also parents, grandparents. Many parents themselves will be delighted with the fun with the cubes, having fun with the quick wits of the kids.
Educational games Nikitin
Boris Nikitin came up with a lot of educational games for his children. These games and exercises are truly unique, and so far nothing has been created either in our country or abroad that could surpass Nikitin’s cubes in their didactic capabilities: “Fold a pattern”, “Fold a square”, “Unicube”.
Educational games Nikitin combine one of the basic principles of learning - from simple to complex - with a very important condition creative activity - do everything yourself. This union allowed us to solve several developmental problems in the game at once. creativity:
1. Educational games can provide food for the development of creative abilities from an early age.
2. Their task-steps always create conditions ahead of the development of abilities.
3 . Rising each time independently to his "ceiling", the child develops most successfully.
4. Educational games can be very diverse in their content, and besides, like any games, they do not tolerate coercion and create an atmosphere of free and joyful creativity;
5. Playing these games with their children, parents imperceptibly acquire a very important skill - to control themselves, not to interfere with the child to think and make decisions on his own, not to do for him what he can and should do himself.
Game features
The main difference between Nikitin's games is that, while playing them, the child acts as an active side and he is not brought up with the ability to perform work according to the proposed template, but develops a logical and creative thinking, creativity, the ability to recognize and build an image, the ability to be independent.
For the most part, games are presented in the form of multifunctional puzzles that provide room for creativity. They can be customized to suit your level, your interests. Each game has a set of tasks that the child solves with the help of cubes, bricks, squares made of cardboard or plastic, mechanical designer parts, etc.
Nikitin's games can be expanded, improved, come up with new tasks.
Rules of the game
At first, no one explains the rules of the game to the child, does not show how it should be. The kid himself solves the problem from start to finish.
This technique allows the child to independently seek a solution to unknown problems, create something new, which leads to the development of his creative abilities. The adult, on the other hand, makes sure that the level of the task is not too easy and not too difficult, and "corrects" and "directs" the child's actions. And rejoicing will be a reward for a successfully found solution, and an incentive for future victories.
Using Nikitinsky educational games in classes with a child, certain principles must be followed (according to the book by B. Nikitin “Steps of creativity or educational games”):
1. The game should bring joy to both the child and the adult. Each success of the baby is a mutual achievement: both yours and his. Rejoice in him - it inspires the baby, this is the key to his future success. Watch how happy children are when they manage to make us laugh or make us happy.
2. Interest the child in the game, but do not force him to play, do not bring the game to satiety. And one more thing ... refrain from offensive remarks like: “Oh, you are a fool!”, “What a slow-witted you are!” etc. Do not offend the child in the game.
3. Educational games - creative games. All tasks must be done independently by the children. Be patient and do not prompt with a word, or a sigh, or a gesture, or a glance. Give the opportunity to think and do everything yourself and look for mistakes too. Rising gradually and coping with more and more difficult tasks, the child develops his creative abilities.
4. To get a sense of the relative difficulty of tasks, before giving tasks to children, be sure to try them yourself. Write down the time it takes you to complete a task. Learn to do it faster.
5. Be sure to start with the tasks that you can do, or the easier parts of them. Early success is a must.
6. If the child does not cope with the task, then you overestimate the level of his development. Take a break, and after a few days start with easier tasks. Even better, if the baby himself begins to choose tasks, taking into account his abilities. Don't rush him.
7. If there is more than one child in the family, then everyone needs a set of games, it is best if there are boxes for all the players.
8. In what order should the games be given? The author would start with the game "Fold the Pattern" or "Montessori Frames and Inserts." Here the child needs to distinguish colors and shapes. A general rule- observe the development of the child, write down his progress in the diary and determine when and which of the games to “turn on”. This is a creative task for dad and mom.
9. Children's hobbies come in "waves", so when a child's interest in the game cools down, "forget" about the game for a month or two or even more, and then "accidentally" (show, for example, to guests or a friend and teach him to play) let the baby remember her. Coming back to the game is often like meeting up with an old friend you haven't seen in a while. Try to write down the successes, shifts, achievements of each of the "waves" of passion for the game.
10. Take care of games, do not put them on a par with other toys in terms of accessibility. After all, the forbidden fruit is sweet, and it is better if the child asks them or offers to play himself. Let them stand in a prominent, but not very accessible place.
11. For the smallest (1.5-3 years old), enliven the game with a fairy tale or story, give “names” (along with the baby, of course) to patterns, models, drawings, figures, invent, fantasize until the child begins to be carried away by the very process of overcoming difficulties in solving problems, achieving the desired goal.
12. The more a quality is developed in a baby, the more it craves manifestation. The strong one wants to fight, the fast one wants to run and play outdoor games, but the weak one does not like it. A child can “not be interested in playing” for two main reasons: he has poorly developed qualities that are needed in the game, or ... adults discouraged him by forcing him to play or causing trouble at the very beginning. Therefore, praise more for successes and, in case of failure, cheer up the baby.
13. Create a relaxed atmosphere in the game. Do not restrain the child's motor activity, so that you can jump with delight, and do somersaults on the rug, and fly to the ceiling on dad's hands.
14. When folding patterns or patterns according to ready tasks already mastered, move on to inventing new ones. Get a notebook, sketch there (or better if the baby himself does it) new tasks, patterns, shapes.
15. Better with a stopwatch, but you can also arrange competitions for the speed of solving problems by the hour. Rapidly developing children from the age of 6-7 can defeat adults. In this case, one must muster up the courage and honestly admit one's defeat in a chivalrous way. It's hard to come up with a big reward for a child. Don't think that your credibility will suffer.
16. etc. - these are the rules that you ... will find yourself to make the game even more fun.
Briefly about the most popular games of B. Nikitin
Montessori frames and inserts . This game is for the little ones. It consists of 16 frames with inserts in the form of geometric shapes: a circle, a square, a triangle, an ellipse (oval), a rectangle, and so on. The main task is to choose your insert for this frame. In addition, frames and inserts can be outlined and then shaded.
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Lay down the pattern. This game consists of 16 wooden cubes, where each face has a certain color. The cubes must be packed in a wooden or cardboard box (it is mandatory). Nikitin advises to start playing with them from a year and a half. With such little kids, you can lay out paths from cubes: blue, red, yellow. Then the child learns to stack the cubes in a box with a certain color up. And only after that the baby proceeds to perform simple patterns.
With this set, you can study according to the books “Miracle - cubes. Album with tasks for the game “Fold the pattern” for children 2-5 years old and “Miracle - cubes - 2. Album with tasks “Fold the pattern” for children 4-8 years old.
Make a square. This puzzle game is for children from two years old. The game includes 12 multi-colored squares, cut into pieces: from two rectangles, from two triangles, etc. The child needs to reassemble the squares from the cut pieces.
Unicube. These are universal cubes that introduce the baby to the world. three-dimensional space. "Unicube" is 27 small wooden cubes with colored edges. The child needs to add various three-dimensional figures and compositions from them according to the proposed schemes. The game is intended for children from 1.5 years old.
Dots. Dots from zero to ten are marked on square multi-colored cards. In addition, there are cards with numbers. First, the child needs to arrange the squares by color, then in order: from 0 to a card with ten dots (or numbers), etc.
Cubes for everyone. The game consists of small cubes, in a different way glued together in the form of 7 figures, different in shape and painted in certain colors. From such figures, it is necessary to construct various models, resembling a cube or a parallelepiped, houses, cars, animal figures, etc. according to the proposed drawings-tasks. Toddlers can build their models using only 2-3 shapes.
Fractions. The game is intended for children from 3 years old. It is a set of three plywood. On each there are 4 circles of the same size in different colors. The first circle is whole, the second is cut into two equal parts, the third into three, and so on, up to 12 “slices”. With their help, you can repeat the colors, count the nested pieces, while you can make a multi-colored circle, compare them with each other.
B. Nikitin's developing games are described in more detail in his book, which is called just that - "Intellectual Games". It also provides tips on how to play with your child.
You can refer to the book by Lena Danilova "A New Look at Nikitin's Games", in which she supplements and enriches the tasks for Nikitin's games and helps parents look at his games a little differently. In her book, she writes: "Nikitins' games can be compared to musical instruments, unique, multi-voiced universal instruments."
Material for the lesson.
Nikitin's games are educational aids for children of all ages. Their peculiarity is that the tasks become more difficult as the necessary skills are mastered. Such aids allow you to determine how to apply your abilities. The development of creative, mental potential occurs effectively and systematically. The basis of knowledge and skills laid down from early childhood contributes to the formation of a harmonious personality.
The inventors of the cubes are Nikitins, Boris and Elena. They are convinced that classes should stimulate spontaneous creative activity.
But parents who do not have teacher education It is difficult to determine at what age which skills should be developed. Cubes, benefits are aimed precisely at stimulating intellectual and creative activity. They contain a general idea, as well as a certain set of features that distinguish Nikitin's cubes from other developmental activities.
- Each Nikitin game consists of various items(circles, bricks, designer parts). Each of them is accompanied by instructions that are transmitted in different forms: drawings, three-dimensional or two-dimensional drawings. Such a variety of manuals, ways of transmitting information contributes to the development of abilities for analysis, synthesis, abstraction, and logic.
- All Nikitin's cubes are created according to the principle "from simple to complex". Both kids 2-3 years old and children 5-6 years old will be able to deal with the allowance corresponding to the level of training. And even adults can't handle some tasks! The level of difficulty is chosen so as to stimulate the desire to perform more complex logical operations, and not just to simply copy actions.
- Parents also have certain rules. Help verbally to build a given model. In no case should you demand a result or criticize the actions of a preschooler. If he cannot assemble this or that model, then he simply has not yet reached the required age. The preschooler himself must intuitively understand what is required of him. It might be better to wait a while. The only thing that an adult is allowed to do is to encourage the baby, any of his actions.
- The instruction itself describes how to solve the problem. But not in an abstract form, but in a visual form: in the form of a two- or three-dimensional drawing, drawing, or in verbal form. This method allows you to check the correctness of your actions.
Nikitin's cubes do not limit creative possibilities. On the contrary, they allow you to come up with your own new designs, that is, to develop creative, constructive activity. At the heart of the methodology, together with games, are the following characteristics:
- All development tasks have their own order. The child performs them by folding figures, patterns from cubes, squares, bricks, and other details.
- Depending on their complexity, they are served in different forms. From a visual representation of the finished model or drawing to the most detailed written instructions. They are presented in an accessible form, introducing the baby to various ways of transmitting information.
- Tasks become more difficult as they are completed: from easy to difficult.
- Classes will be useful for children of different ages. 2-3-year-olds can cope with the lightest, and the most challenging tasks sometimes not given even to adults. Nikitin's games will not lose their relevance as they grow older.
- The child independently solves increasingly complex tasks from Nikitin's games, develops the skill of self-learning. Self-development of creative abilities is much more effective in comparison with detailed explanations of teachers and educators.
- The kid must learn to think for himself, he cannot be helped in completing tasks. Thus, he will learn to see the logical connections between description and execution, visually learn the principles of design in the construction of models, figures.
- Do not expect everything to be given the first time. It is normal that some tasks will be too difficult. Perhaps the baby is still too small, in which case it is worth the wait. Sometimes it will take a child a couple of weeks, and sometimes several months, to find the right solution to the assembly of the puzzle, the main thing is not to push him. He has to get to everything on his own.
- All tasks have a practical solution that you can see, touch. It does not matter what is required: to build a model, fold a pattern or assemble the details of the designer - the child will always see a visual result, the correctness of which is easy to check.
- For almost all of Nikitin's games, you can come up with your own tasks. The assembly of figures, patterns, designs is not limited to the given examples "out of the box". Having fully mastered the implementation of all the exercises, the baby can begin to create his own options, and this is the goal. teaching aids.
- Games allow you to develop abilities to the maximum level in accordance with age.
- develop speed, complexity of thought processes;
- stimulate the development of creative, creative abilities, offering exercises that may slightly exceed the baby's abilities, but are quite feasible to perform (which stimulates their active growth);
- imply absolute freedom of action without coercion.
An important role is also played by Nikitin's cubes for parents, teaching them to give their children complete freedom in carrying out projects, to refrain from criticizing actions and prompts. Thanks to all these benefits, classes with cubes will help: - unleash the creative potential of the baby;
- develop his mental abilities for creativity, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, anticipation of the result;
- develop short-term and long-term memory, attention.
- intelligence development with early years;
- step-by-step complication of tasks allows you to create conditions for advanced development;
- the child is not limited by the framework of typical tasks for his age group - he can solve the most difficult tasks for himself;
- a wide variety allows you to choose the most interesting, exciting options: the baby himself and without coercion will choose which task to solve;
- playing together with the child, parents will learn patience and understanding that he must think and make decisions on his own and stop striving to do everything for him.
